Multiwavelength, picosecond, synchronously pumped, Pb(MoO4)0.2(WO4)0.8 Raman laser oscillating at 12 wavelengths in a range of 1128-1360 nm.

In this Letter, a mixed Pb(MoO4)0.2(WO4)0.8 as a new, to the best of our knowledge, active medium with optimized content for a synchronously pumped multiwavelength Raman laser with a combined frequency shift is presented. The unique structure of this crystal resulted in oscillations at 12 closely spaced output wavelengths in a spectral range from 1128 to 1360 nm. The strongest pulse shortening in comparison with nominally pure scheelite-like crystals has been achieved.

Highly efficient, high-energy, picosecond, synchronously pumped Raman laser at 1171 and 1217 nm based on PbMoO4 crystals with single and combined Raman shifts.

For the first time to our knowledge, the operation of a synchronously pumped ultrafast Raman laser that uses a PbMoO4 crystal as the active medium has been demonstrated. We achieved efficient Raman conversion in PbMoO4 from pumping 1063 nm into 1171 and 1217 nm, respectively, at single and combined frequency shifts on stretching and bending Raman modes. The output pulse energy (up to 160 nJ) and peak power (up to 11 kW) of the output picosecond radiation is the highest among all-solid-state synchronously pumped Raman lasers published to date. The strongest pulse shortening at 1217 nm down to 1.4 ps was obtained that is close to the bending mode dephasing time.

Highly efficient picosecond all-solid-state Raman laser at 1179 and 1227 nm on single and combined Raman lines in a BaWO4 crystal.

We present a highly efficient ring-cavity all-solid-state BaWO4 Raman laser generating at both the long-shift (ν1=925 cm-1) and short-shift (ν2=332 cm-1) Raman lines under external picosecond synchronous pumping at the wavelength of 1063 nm. Very high slope efficiencies and output pulse energies of 68.8% and 103 nJ at the ν1-shifted Stokes wavelength of 1179 nm, and 38.6% and 53 nJ at the (ν1+ν2)-shifted Stokes wavelength of 1227 nm have been achieved. Self-mode locking of the (ν1+ν2)-shifted Stokes field under intracavity pumping by the ν1-shifted Stokes field allowed to realize 12-fold shortening of the 1227 nm radiation pulse down to 3 ps close to the shorter dephasing time of the ν2 Raman line at the output pulse peak power 1.5 times higher than the pump peak power.

Trabecular bone strains around a dental implant and associated micromotions--a micro-CT-based three-dimensional finite element study.

The first objective of this computational study was to assess the strain magnitude and distribution within the three-dimensional (3D) trabecular bone structure around an osseointegrated dental implant loaded axially. The second objective was to investigate the relative micromotions between the implant and the surrounding bone. The work hypothesis adopted was that these virtual measurements would be a useful indicator of bone adaptation (resorption, homeostasis, formation). In order to reach these objectives, a microCT-based finite element model of an oral implant implanted into a Berkshire pig mandible was developed along with a robust software methodology. The finite element mesh of the 3D trabecular bone architecture was generated from the segmentation of microCT scans. The implant was meshed independently from its CAD file obtained from the manufacturer. The meshes of the implant and the bone sample were registered together in an integrated software environment. A series of non-linear contact finite element (FE) analyses considering an axial load applied to the top of the implant in combination with three sets of mechanical properties for the trabecular bone tissue was devised. Complex strain distribution patterns are reported and discussed. It was found that considering the Young's modulus of the trabecular bone tissue to be 5, 10 and 15GPa resulted in maximum peri-implant bone microstrains of about 3000, 2100 and 1400. These results indicate that, for the three sets of mechanical properties considered, the magnitude of maximum strain lies within an homeostatic range known to be sufficient to maintain/form bone. The corresponding micro-motions of the implant with respect to the bone microstructure were shown to be sufficiently low to prevent fibrous tissue formation and to favour long-term osseointegration.