RESUMO
Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data.
Assuntos
Canidae , Carnívoros , Mustelidae , Ursidae , Animais , Ecossistema , HumanosRESUMO
Animais em cativeiro tendem a viver em ambientes altamente previsíveis e estruturados onde raramente apresentam desafios do ambiente natural, e isso pode desencadear uma série de casos de extrema-respostas adaptativas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o bem-estar de um bugio cativo após o enriquecimento social e ambiental, assim como analisar, durante cada tratamento, a interação com os enriquecimentos ao longo dos dias. Os resultados apontaram uma diminuição contínua da maioria dos comportamentos estereotipados e aumento na interação social em todas as fases de enriquecimento. Estes resultados mostraram que houve uma melhoria no bem-estar deste animal após a introdução da fêmea e do espelho.
Animals in captivity tend to live in highly structured and predictable where rarely present challenges of the natural environment and this can trigger a series of cases of extreme adaptive responses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the welfare of captive howler monkey after a social and environmental enrichment. Beyond to analyze, for each treatment, the interaction with the enrichments along the days. Results showed a continuous decrease in the most stereotyped behaviors and increased social interaction at all stages of enrichment. These results showed an improvement in the welfare of this animal after the introduction of the female and the mirror.
