RESUMO
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital vascular anomalies with a poor prognosis. AVMs are considered intractable diseases, as there is no established approach for early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to provide new evidence by analyzing microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with AVM. We present fundamental evidence for the early diagnosis and treatment of AVM by analyzing miRNAs in the endothelial cells of AVMs. This study performed sequencing and validation of miRNAs in endothelial cells from normal and AVM tissues. Five upregulated and two downregulated miRNAs were subsequently analyzed under hypoxia and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Under hypoxic conditions, miR-135b-5p was significantly upregulated in the AVM compared to that under normal conditions, corresponding to increased endothelial activity (p-value = 0.0238). VEGF treatment showed no significant increase in miR-135b-5p under normal conditions, however, a surge in AVM was observed. Under both hypoxia and VEGF treatment, comparison indicated a downregulation of miR-135b-5p in AVM. Therefore, miR-135b-5p was assumed to affect the pathophysiological process of AVM and might play a vital role as a potential biomarker of AVMs for application related to diagnosis and treatment.
Assuntos
Malformações Arteriovenosas , Biomarcadores , Células Endoteliais , MicroRNAs , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Humanos , Malformações Arteriovenosas/genética , Malformações Arteriovenosas/metabolismo , Malformações Arteriovenosas/patologia , Malformações Arteriovenosas/diagnóstico , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais/patologia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Hipóxia Celular/genéticaAssuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias Hepáticas , MicroRNAs , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , MicroRNAs/genética , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Proliferação de Células/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , AnimaisRESUMO
Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether GCSB-5 has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and investigate the influence of GCSB-5 on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Materials and methods: The experimental animal study was designed to include five groups: CIA mice treated with GCSB-5 (300 mg/kg), GCSB-5 (600 mg/kg), celecoxib (60 mg/kg), or saline for four weeks, and nontreated control mice. The clinical severity of arthritis was scored. Nociceptive thresholds were measured by using a von Frey dynamic plantar analgesimeter. The MAPK pathway was evaluated in mouse synovium. The expression of channels associated with pain signaling was assessed by western blot and immunohistochemical staining. Results: GCSB-5 treatment diminished the severity of clinical arthritis and increased the nociceptive threshold in mice with CIA. Celecoxib, a positive control drug, also showed comparable changes. Clinical arthritis scores were inversely related to mechanical thresholds. GCSB-5 administration decreased the levels of anti-type II collagen antibody and inflammatory cytokines in the sera of mice with CIA. Furthermore, ERK, p38 MAPK, and JNK phosphorylation were downregulated and TRPV1 and ASIC3 expression were decreased in the synovium of GCSB-5-treated mice compared to salinetreated mice. Interleukin-6-induced TRPV1 and ASIC3 upregulation were also inhibited by GCSB-5 in human RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes in vitro. Conclusion: GCSB-5 decreased inflammatory arthritis and pain in a murine model of RA. The results present evidence that GCSB-5 may be beneficial for relieving pain as well as decreasing inflammation in autoimmune arthritis, such as RA.
