A three miRNAs panel in paraffin tissue serves as tool for predicting prognosis of renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) stands as the most prevalent form of urogenital cancer. However, there is currently no universally accepted method for predicting the prognosis of RCC. MiRNA holds great potential as a prognostic biomarker for RCC. Methods: A total of 100 cases with complete paraffin specimens and over 5-year follow-up data meeting the requirements were collected. Utilizing the clinical information and follow-up data of the specimens, an information model was developed. The expression levels of eight microRNAs were identified using RT-qPCR. Finally, determine and analyze the clinical application value of these microRNAs as prognostic markers for RCC. Results: Significant differences were observed in the expression of two types of miRNAs (miR-378a-5p, miR-23a-5p) in RCC tissue, and three types of miRNAs (miR-378a-5p, miR-642a-5p, miR-23a-5p) were found to be linked to the prognosis of RCC. Establish biomarker combinations of miR-378a-5p, miR-642a-5p, and miR-23a-5p to evaluate RCC prognosis. Conclusion: The combination of three microRNA groups (miR-378a-5p, miR-642a-5p, and miR-23a-5p) identified in paraffin section specimens of RCC in this study holds significant potential as biomarkers for assessing RCC prognosis.

A panel based on three-miRNAs as diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting the male life cycle. The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer are also increasing every year. Detection of MicroRNA expression in serum to diagnose prostate cancer and determine prognosis is a very promising non-invasive modality. Materials and method: A total of 224 study participants were included in our study, including 112 prostate cancer patients and 112 healthy adults. The experiment consisted of three main phases, namely, the screening phase, the testing phase, and the validation phase. The expression levels of serum miRNAs in patients and healthy adults were detected using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic ability, specificity, and sensitivity of the candidate miRNAs. Result: Eventually, three miRNAs most relevant to prostate cancer diagnosis were selected, namely, miR-106b-5p, miR-129-1-3p and miR-381-3p. We used these three miRNAs to construct a diagnostic panel with very high diagnostic potential for prostate cancer, which had an AUC of 0.912 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.858 to 0.950; p < 0.001; sensitivity = 91.67%; specificity = 79.76%]. In addition, the three target genes (DTNA, GJB1, and TRPC4) we searched for are also expected to be used for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment in the future.

miRNA-27b-3p, let-7f-5p and miRNA-142-5p can be Used in a Novel Serum Diagnostic Panel for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor affecting the urinary system. Due to its unfavorable prognosis, there is a pressing need to discover effective approaches for early diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC. Extensive research has consistently demonstrated the presence of stable microRNAs (miRNAs) in human serum. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to identify a specific panel of miRNAs in serum that can serve as a reliable and non-invasive biomarker for the early detection of ccRCC. METHODS: The study comprised of training and validation phases to identify potential biomarkers. In the training phase, a total of 10 miRNAs exhibiting the most significant differential expression among 28 ccRCC patients and 28 healthy controls (HCs) were identified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In the subsequent validation phase, these 10 miRNAs were assessed in serum samples obtained from an additional 80 ccRCC patients and 84 HCs using RT-qPCR. To construct a panel with optimal diagnostic capability, backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was conducted. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis was performed on this selected miRNA panel. RESULTS: In ccRCC patients, the serum expression level of miRNA-142-5p was found to be significantly elevated compared to healthy controls (HCs), whereas the expression levels of let-7f-5p, miRNA-27b-3p, miRNA-212-3p, and miRNA-216-5p were significantly reduced. To assess their diagnostic potential for ccRCC, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. The analysis revealed that miRNA-27b-3p, let-7f-5p, and miRNA-142-5p exhibited moderate diagnostic capabilities for ccRCC, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.826, 0.828, and 0.643, respectively. To further enhance diagnostic accuracy, a final diagnostic panel consisting of these three miRNAs was constructed, demonstrating good diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.952. CONCLUSIONS: The miRNA serum biomarker panel (miRNA-27b-3p, let-7f-5p, and miRNA-142-5p) identified in this study holds promise for early, non-invasive, and accurate diagnosis of ccRCC. This panel could potentially provide a valuable tool in clinical settings to aid in the timely detection and management of ccRCC.

Testing the accuracy of a four serum microRNA panel for the detection of primary bladder cancer: a discovery and validation study.

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the ten most common cancers worldwide with late detection and early age of diagnosis. There is abundant evidence that early detection and timely intervention can lead to a better prognosis of BC. Substantial evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are specific to different tumour types and are remarkably stable, indicating that serum miRNAs may serve as potential cancer diagnostic markers. This study aimed to identify suitable serum miRNAs to create a panel that can be used to diagnose primary BC. METHODS: In this study, 18 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in BC were obtained from the PubMed or Gene Expression Omnibus database. Then, 18 BC-related-miRNAs were verified in screening and validation sets created using 56 (28 primary BC vs. 28 NCs) and 168 (84 primary BC vs. 84 NCs) serum samples, respectively. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the identity of the differential miRNAs. A multi-miRNA panel with superior diagnostic performance was constructed. TCGA and KEGG databases were used to conduct the survival analysis and bioinformatics analysis, respectively. RESULTS: Six serum miRNAs (miR-221-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-98-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-222-3p, and miR-197-3p) were significantly aberrantly expressed in the BC patients, while four miRNAs from among them (miR-221-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-222-3p) were assembled into a panel that showed high diagnostic value (AUC = 0.875, 95% CI: 0.815 - 0.921; sensitivity: 82.14%; and specificity: 85.71%) based on the logistic regression analysis. The survival analysis showed that miR-181a-5p was closely associated with BC prognosis (Log-rank p-value < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of the four miRNAs (miR-221-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-15a-5p and miR-222-3p) may be a novel non-invasive serological biomarker for BC screening.

Early detection and timely intervention can lead to a better prognosis of bladder cancer.This study aimed to identify suitable serum miRNAs to create a panel that can be used to diagnose primary bladder cancer.

[Corrigendum] MicroRNA­222­3p promotes tumor cell migration and invasion and inhibits apoptosis, and is correlated with an unfavorable prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Following the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the attention of the Editorial Office that, in Fig. 3A on p. 530, two pairs of data panels were overlapping, such that certain of the panels appeared to have been derived from the same original sources where the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been portrayed. The authors have examined their original data, and realize that errors associated with data handling/labelling during the preparation of the representative images in Fig. 3A had occurred. The revised version of Fig. 3, showing the correct data for the 'NC/ACHN/Invasion and Migration' data panels, the 'Inhibitor NC/786­O' panel and the 'Inhibitor NC/ACHN/Invasion' panel, is shown on the next page. The authors can confirm that the errors associated with this figure did not have any significant impact on either the results or the conclusions reported in this study, and all the authors agree with the publication of this Corrigendum. The authors are grateful to the Editor of International Journal of Molecular Medicine for giving them the opportunity to publish this Corrigendum; furthermore, they apologize to the readership of the Journal for any inconvenience caused. [International Journal of Molecular Medicine 43: 525­534, 2019; DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3931].

The value of a panel of circulating microRNAs in screening prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a worldwide public health problem that poses a serious threat to the health of men worldwide. Many studies have found that microRNA (miRNA) in serum has the potential to be a biomarker for cancer screening. Our study was conducted to investigate the value of serum miRNAs in PCa screening. Methods: We selected 12 miRNAs from past studies for its association with PCa. We checked the expression levels of these miRNAs in the serum of 112 PCa patients and 112 healthy controls in a two-stage experiment. We plotted the receiver operating characteristic curve of miRNAs in the validation stage and constructed a four-miRNA panel with the highest diagnostic value using stepwise logistic regression. We also predicted the target genes with these four miRNAs through online databases and performed Gene Ontology functional annotation and pathway analysis. Results: The results showed that six miRNAs (miR-429, miR-10a-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-1231, miR-129-5p) were abnormally expressed in the serum of PCa patients. We used four of these miRNAs including miR-1231, miR-10a-5p, miR-429 and miR-129-5p to construct a combination of miRNAs with high specificity and sensitivity in screening PCa (area under the curve =0.878). Bioinformatics analysis showed that the genes targeted by these miRNAs can be linked to the development of PCa. Conclusions: Our study detected and identified a set of miRNAs that serves as screening marker for PCa, which may assist in early diagnosis and treatment of PCa.

[Retracted] Oncogenic miR-23a-5p is associated with cellular function in RCC.

Following the publication of this article, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that, for the invasion and migration assay data shown in Fig. 4 on p. 2314, three pairs of data panels were overlapping, such that data which were intended to show the results from differently performed experiments were obtained from a smaller number of original sources. Moreover, after having conducted an internal investigation, the Editorial Office also observed that some of the flow cytometric data shown in Fig. 6 were duplicated in Fig. 7. Considering the number of overlapping data panels that have been identified in this published paper, the Editor of Molecular Medicine Reports has concluded that the article should be retracted from the publication on account of a lack of confidence in the integrity of the data. Upon contacting the authors about this matter, they accepted the decision to retract this paper. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused, and thanks the interested reader for drawing this matter to our attention. [Molecular Medicine Reports 16: 2309-2317, 2017; DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6829].

[Corrigendum] Identification of lncRNA EGOT as a tumor suppressor in renal cell carcinoma.

Subsequently to the publication of the above paper, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that, concerrning the Transwell cell migration and invasion assay data shown in Fig. 6A and B for the 786­O cell line on p. 7206, the pcDNA3.1­EGOT 'Migration' and 'Invasion' (a­1 and b­1) data panels appeared to contain overlapping sections of data, such that they were potentially derived from the same original source, where these panels were intended to show the results from differently performed experiments. The authors have re­examined their original data, and realize that the 'Invasion' (b­1) panel in Fig. 6B was inadvertently chosen incorrectly. The revised version of Fig. 6, now featuring the correct data for the 'Invasion' experiment (B1 in the replacement figure) in Fig. 6B, is shown on the next page. Note that this error did not adversely affect either the results or the overall conclusions reported in this study. All the authors agree with the publication of this corrigendum, and are grateful to the Editor of Molecular Medicine Reports for allowing them the opportunity to publish this. They also wish to apologize to the readership of the Journal for any inconvenience caused.[Molecular Medicine Reports 16: 7072­7079, 2017; DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7470].

Erratum: [Corrigendum] miR­216a­5p acts as an oncogene in renal cell carcinoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5881.].

[Retracted] miR­660­5p is associated with cell migration, invasion, proliferation and apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma.

Following the publication of the above article, the authors contacted the Editorial Office to explain that a couple of errors concerning data handling/labelling had been made, firstly during the preparation of the representative images in Fig. 3B, resulting in the wrong image being selected for the data panel showing the ACHN cells treated with 'Inhibitor NC' at 0 h experiment, and secondly in Fig. 5A, resulting in the wrong image being selected for the data panel showing the ACHN cells treated with 'Inhibitor NC' experiment. The authors requested that a corrigendum be published to take account of the errors that were made during the preparation of this figure. Subsequently, an independent investigation of the published data was undertaken by the Editorial Office, which revealed that the 'Inhibitor' data panel in Fig. 6A and the 'Mimic NC' data panel in Fig. 6B were also overlapping, such that these data were likely to have been derived from the same original source, even though these data panels were intended to have shown the results from differently performed experiments. The Editor of Molecular Medicine Reports has considered the authors' request to publish a corrigendum, but given the number of overlapping data panels that have been identified and the number of figures that would be in need of correction, the Editor has decided to decline the authors' request to publish a corrigendum on account of an overall lack of confidence in the presented data, and instead has determined that the paper should be retracted. Upon receiving this news from the Editor, the authors accepted the Editor's decision. The Editor apologizes to the readership of the Journal for any inconvenience caused. [Molecular Medicine Reports 17: 2051­2060, 2018; DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8052].

Erratum: [Corrigendum] miR­199b­5p serves as a tumor suppressor in renal cell carcinoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6151.].

[Corrigendum] microRNA­181a­5p functions as an oncogene in renal cell carcinoma.

Following the publication of the above article and a corrigendum in 2018 that corrected details of the correspondence information for authors, errors made in Fig. 5 and the funding details (doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9117), an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that, in Fig. 6 on p. 8515 showing the results of cell migration and invasion assay experiments, a pair of data panels were overlapping, such that data which were intended to show the results from differently performed experiments appeared to have been derived from the same original source. After having consulted their original data, the authors have realized that Fig. 6 was assembled incorrectly, The revised version of Fig. 6, now showing the correct data for the 'ACHN/migratory/NC' experiment, is shown on the next page. Note that all the authors approve of the publication of this corrigendum, and the authors are grateful to the Editor of Molecular Medicine Reports for granting them the opportunity to publish this. The authors regret their oversight in allowing this error to be included in the paper, and also apologize to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [Molecular Medicine Reports 17: 8510­8517, 2018; DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8899].

A serum panel of three microRNAs may serve as possible biomarkers for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Although non-invasive radiological techniques are widely applied in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) diagnosis, more than 50% of KIRCs are detected incidentally during the diagnostic procedures to identify renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Thus, sensitive and accurate KIRC diagnostic methods are required. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify KIRC-associated microRNAs (miRNAs). METHODS: This three-phase study included 224 participants (112 each of patients with KIRC and healthy controls (NCs)). RT-qPCR was used to evaluate miRNA expression in KIRC and NC samples. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to predict the usefulness of serum miRNAs in KIRC diagnosis. In addition, we performed survival and bioinformatics analyses. RESULTS: We found that miR-1-3p, miR-129-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-187-3p, and miR-200a-3p were significantly differentially expressed in patients with KIRC. A panel consisting of three miRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-129-5p, and miR-146b-5p) had an AUC of 0.895, ranging from 0.848 to 0.942. In addition, using the GEPIA database, we found that the miRNAs were associated with CREB5. According to the survival analysis, miR-146b-5p overexpression was indicative of a poorer prognosis in patients with KIRC. CONCLUSIONS: The identified three-miRNA panel could serve as a non-invasive indicator for KIRC and CREB5 as a potential target gene for KIRC treatment.

The value of a three-microRNA panel in serum for prostate cancer screening.

BACKGROUND: Globally, prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in males. Serum microRNAs (miRNAs) may function as non-invasive and innovative biomarkers for various cancers. Our study aimed to determine potential miRNAs for prostate cancer screening. METHODS: A three-stage study was accomplished to ascertain crucial miRNAs as markers. In the screening stage, we searched PubMed for aberrantly expressed miRNAs relevant to prostate cancer and selected them as candidate miRNAs. In training and validation stages, with serum specimens from 112 prostate cancer patients and 112 healthy controls, expressions of candidate miRNAs were identified through quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The diagnostic capabilities of miRNAs were determined by receiver operating characteristic curves. Bioinformatic analysis was utilized to explore the function of the critical miRNAs. RESULTS: Expression of six serum miRNAs (miR-34b-3p, miR-556-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-361-5p, miR-369-3p, miR-485-3p) were significantly altered in prostate cancer patients contrasted with healthy controls. The optimal combination of critical miRNAs is a three-miRNA panel (miR-34b-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-361-5p) with good diagnostic capability. FLRT2, KIAA1755, LDB3, and NTRK3 were identified as the potential genes targeted by the three-miRNA panel. CONCLUSIONS: The three-miRNA panel may perform as an innovative and promising serum marker for prostate cancer screening.

Profiling of Serum miRNAs Constructs a Diagnostic 3-miRNA Panel for Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) carries significant morbidity and mortality globally with an increasing incidence per year predominantly represented by clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) which accounts for 70-80% of all RCC cases. MicroRNAs(miRNAs) implicate tumor development and progression in epigenetic mechanisms and available profiling of serum miRNAs potentiate them as diagnostic markers for various cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 108 ccRCC patients and 112 normal controls were enrolled. A 3-stage experiment was conducted to identify differentially expressed serum miRNAs in ccRCC and establish a diagnostic miRNAs panel. Additionally, bioinformatic analysis was employed to predict selected miRNAs' target genes, preform functional annotation and explore the roles in ccRCC. RESULTS: MiR-429, miR-10a-5p, miR-154-5p were found to be up-regulated miRNAs. Inversely, miR-27a-3p and miR-221-3p were found to be down-regulated miRNAs. These 5 miRNAs were selected to construct diagnostic panel by backward stepwise logistic regression analysis and ultimately a 3-miRNA panel (miR-429, miR-10a-5p and miR-27a-3p) was established [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.897, sensitivity = 85.0%, specificity = 83.3%]. CONCLUSION: The panel of 3-miRNA holds promise as a novel, convenient, and noninvasive diagnostic method for early detection of ccRCC.

A serum miRNAs signature for early diagnosis of bladder cancer.

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer accounts for the most common type of urologic malignancy and presents high recurrence rate after surgical resection and adjuvant intravesical therapy. We aim to search for an early diagnostic biomarker in serum for bladder cancer in this study. METHODS: The expression profiles of miRNAs in serum samples of 112 bladder cancer patients and 112 healthy controls were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) analysis were performed to assess the diagnostic efficiency of miRNAs. Stepwise logic regression analysis was used to construct a diagnostic signature with highest sensitivity and specificity. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to explore the potential biological functions and mechanisms of candidate miRNAs. RESULTS: Five miRNAs including miR-451a, miR-381-3p, miR-223-3p, miR-142-5p and miR-27b-3p were found differentially expressed in serum samples of bladder patients and healthy subjects. The diagnostic signature was constructed with miR-27b-3p, miR-381-3p and miR-451a. AUC of the three-miRNA signature was 0.894 (0.837-0.936, p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of this signature were 86.90% and 77.38%, respectively, indicating that this signature has a good ability to diagnose bladder cancer. CONCLUSION: The three-miRNA signature we constructed has favorable diagnostic capacity and may be a promising non-invasive biomarker in the early diagnosis of bladder cancer.KEY MESSAGESThere is still no clinical utilization of serum miRNAs in the early detection of bladder cancer.We screened and constructed a three-miRNA signature with the sensitivity of 86.90% and specificity of 77.38% which may be a promising non-invasive biomarker in the early diagnosis of bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer diagnosis with a four-miRNA panel in serum.

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies. Due to the disadvantage of existing bladder cancer diagnostic tools, miRNAs hold promise as new diagnostic markers. Materials & methods: A total of 224 participants were involved in this three-cohort trial. A total of 15 candidate miRNAs were selected, and miRNAs with diagnostic ability were screened out with quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Diagnostic capability was ascertained by the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve. Bioinformatics analysis was constructed for target gene prediction and functional annotation. Results: Six candidate miRNAs showed significantly different expression between bladder cancer patients and normal controls, and the final diagnostic panel comprised miR-181b-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-199-5p and miR-221-3p. Conclusion: This four-miRNA panel could represent a stable biomarker for bladder cancer diagnosis.

Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies. Due to the disadvantage of existing bladder cancer diagnostic tools, miRNAs hold promise as new diagnostic markers. After an experiment composed of 224 participants, the authors screened out six candidate miRNAs that may contribute to diagnosing bladder cancer. The authors also repeatedly verified the reliability of candidate miRNAs. Finally, a combination of multiple miRNAs, consisting of miR-181b-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-199-5p, and miR-221-3p, was better and more reliable in predicting bladder cancer occurrence.

A Four-MicroRNA Panel in Serum as a Potential Biomarker for Screening Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been a major health problem and is one of the most malignant tumors around the world. Serum microRNA (miRNA) profiles previously have been reported as non-invasive biomarkers in cancer screening. The aim of this study was to explore serum miRNAs as potential biomarkers for screening RCC. Methods: A three-phase study was conducted to explore serum miRNAs as potential biomarkers for screening RCC. In the screening phase, 12 candidate miRNAs related to RCC were selected for further study by the ENCORI database with 517 RCC patients and 71 NCs. A total of 220 participants [108 RCC patients and 112 normal controls (NCs)] were enrolled for training and validation. The dysregulated candidate miRNAs were further confirmed with 30 RCC patients and 30 NCs in the training phase and with 78 RCC patients and 82 NCs in the validation phase. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used for assessing the diagnostic value of miRNAs. Bioinformatic analysis and survival analysis were also included in our study. Results: Compared to NCs, six miRNAs (miR-18a-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-181b-5p, miR-200a-3p, and miR-363-3p) in serum were significantly dysregulated in RCC patients. A four-miRNA panel was built by combining these candidate miRNAs to improve the diagnostic value with AUC = 0.908. ABCG1 and RNASET2, considered potential target genes of the four-miRNA panel, may play a significant role in the development of RCC. Conclusion: A four-miRNA panel in serum was identified for RCC screening in our study. The four--miRNA panel has a great potential to be a non-invasive biomarker for RCC screening.