Principles of minimize bleeding and the transfusion of blood and its components in operated patients - surgical aspects.

One of the target of perioperative tratment in surgery is decreasing intraoperative bleeding, which increases the number of perioperative procedures, mortality and treatment costs, and also causes the risk of transfusion of blood and its components. Trying to minimize the blood loss(mainly during the operation) as well as the need to transfuse blood and its components (broadly understood perioperative period) should be standard treatment for a patient undergoing a procedure. In the case of this method, the following steps should be taken: 1) in the preoperative period: identyfication of risk groups as quickly as possible, detecting and treating anemia, applying prehabilitation, modyfying anticoagulant treatment, considering donating one's own blood in some patients and in selected cases erythropoietin preparations; 2) in the perioperative period: aim for normothermia, normovolemia and normoglycemia, use of surgical methods that reduce bleeding, such as minimally invasive surgery, high-energy coagulation, local hemostatics, prevention of surgical site infection, proper transfusion of blood and its components if it occurs; 3) in the postoperative period: monitor the condition of patients, primarily for the detection of bleeding, rapid reoperation if required, suplementation (oral administration preferred) nutrition with microelements (iron) and vitamins, updating its general condition. All these activities, comprehensively and in surgical cooperation with the anesthesiologist, should reduce the blood loss and transfusion of blood and its components.

Dynamic Kinesiotherapy: A Novel Technique That Promotes Appropriate Abdominal Wound Healing.

Appropriate wound healing is a crucial phase of surgical patients' management, as it facilitates early mobilization and return to everyday life. Also, it is required before offering patients the next phase of treatment. Surgical wound closure techniques have evolved remarkably; they include simple sutures, surgical clips, and adhesive compounds. Some appliances are used to support the closed surgical wounds and assist the abdominal wall muscles' movements; however, they may make breathing uncomfortable or cause pain. Here, we introduce a novel, effective technique that facilitates appropriate surgical wound healing. Dynamic kinesiotherapy is an easy procedure to perform, handy, beneficial, safe, and cost-effective.