RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between violent behaviors and emotions in individuals with mental disorders, to evaluate the application value of facial expression analysis technology in violence risk assessment of individuals with mental disorders in supervised settings, and to provide a reference for violence risk assessment. METHODS: Thirty-nine male individuals with mental disorders in supervised settings were selected, the participant risk of violence, cognitive function, psychiatric symptoms and severity were assessed using the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS), the Historical, Clinical, Risk Management-Chinese version(HCR-CV), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). An emotional arousal was performed on the participants and the intensity of their emotions and facial expression action units was recorded before, during and after the arousal. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences in the intensity of emotions and facial expression action units before, during and after the arousal. Pearson correlation analysis was used to calculate the correlations between the intensity of the seven basic emotional facial expressions and the scores of the assessment scales. RESULTS: The intensity difference of sadness, surprise and fear in different time periods was statistically significant (P<0.05). The intensity of the left medial eyebrow lift action unit was found significantly different before and after the emotional arousal (P<0.05). The intensity of anger was positively correlated with the Modified Overt Aggression Scale score throughout the experiment (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Eye action units such as eyebrow lifting, eyelid tightening and upper eyelid lifting can be used as effective action units to identify sadness, anger and other negative emotions associated with violent behaviors. Facial expression analysis technology can be used as an auxiliary tool to assess the potential risk of violence in individuals with mental disorders in supervised settings.
Assuntos
Agressão , Emoções , Expressão Facial , Transtornos Mentais , Violência , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Violência/psicologia , Medição de Risco/métodos , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Adulto Jovem , Agressão/psicologia , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Nível de Alerta/fisiologia , Psiquiatria Legal/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise de VariânciaRESUMO
Research on facial micro-expression analysis has been going on for decades. Micro-expression can reflect the true emotions of individuals, and it has important application value in assisting auxiliary diagnosis and disease monitoring of mental disorders. In recent years, the development of artificial intelligence and big data technology has made the automatic recognition of micro-expressions possible, which will make micro-expression analysis more convenient and more widely used. This paper reviews the development of facial micro-expression analysis and its application in forensic psychiatry, to look into further application prospects and development direction.
Assuntos
Psiquiatria Legal , Transtornos Mentais , Humanos , Inteligência Artificial , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Expressão Facial , EmoçõesRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To understand the legal application and case deposition of assessment opinions of sexual self-defense capability, and to explore the necessity of legal correspondence in the sexual defense capability assessment. METHODS: According to the self-made questionnaire, the cases of sexual self-defense capability assessment completed by the Academy of Forensic Science from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018 were statistically analyzed through telephone interviews and referrals. RESULTS: Among the 69 cases, 3 cases (4.3%) had complete sexual self-defense capability, 30 cases (43.5%) had weakened sexual self-defense capability, 32 cases (46.2%) had no sexual self-defense capability, and 4 cases (5.8%) were not suitable for assessment. Among the 30 cases with weakened sexual self-defense ability, 15 cases were filed and investigated by public security authorities for rape and 15 cases were not. The inconsistent rate of disposition was 1â¶1. Among the 15 rape cases filed and investigated by the public security authorities, 10 cases were arrested and prosecuted by the procuratorate and sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment by the court, while the other 5 cases were not arrested and prosecuted by the procuratorate, with an inconsistent rate of disposition being 2â¶1. CONCLUSIONS: The legal application of the assessment opinion on the weakening of sexual self-defense capability is inconsistent, and the judicial disposition is confusing. It is imperative to unify and correspond the classification of sexual self-defense capability with the legal requirements.
Assuntos
Estupro , Psiquiatria Legal , Medicina Legal , Ciências ForensesRESUMO
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was blended into bamboo powder during co-hydrothermal carbonization (Co-HTC) to understand the effects on the physicochemical properties and adsorbing ability of hydrochar. The properties of hydrochar were characterized by Zeta potential, elemental analyses, BET, FTIR, XPS, Boehm titration and SEM. The addition of PVC into bamboo in Co-HTC decreased the BET area, and pore volume and radius of hydrochar, but increased the contents of surface hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. The adsorption ability of hydrochar produced by addition of PVC at 473 K over methylene blue (MB) increased significantly. The main adsorption mechanism was electrostatic attraction by -N(CH3)2+ of MB and carboxylate of hydrochar, and hydrogen-bonding interaction through N atom of phenothiazine in MB and C-OH of hydrochar. Thus, Co-HTC offers a facile, green and economical alternative for conversion of waste into high-value adsorbents.
Assuntos
Azul de Metileno , Cloreto de Polivinila , Adsorção , Carbono , TemperaturaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To understand the current status of appraisal of post-concussion syndrome disability and the reasons for the changes in re-appraisal opinions. METHODS: The cases that were judged as "post-concussion syndrome and ten-level disability" in the first appraisal and re-appraised for psychiatric impairment by the Academy of Forensic Science in 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: There were 75 cases, including 58 cases with pre-hospital emergency medical records, among which 39 cases were clearly recorded to be without a history of coma; 74 cases had emergency medical records, among which 44 cases were recorded of having a history of coma; 43 cases had follow-up medical records, among which 24 cases had a history of psychiatric follow-up. The most complained symptoms of the appraisee in appraisal and examination include headache, dizziness, poor sleep at night, irritability, memory loss, fatigue and inattention. The main reasons for the re-appraisal application include doubts about the history of coma, doubts about the credibility of mental symptoms, post-concussion syndrome didn't meet the disability criteria, and objections to the original appraisal procedure or the original appraisal agency. The appraisal opinions of a total of 47 cases were changed. Seven of them did not meet the disability criteria, and the main reason was that there was no clear history of coma and no head injury was admitted; the coma history of the 40 other cases had to be confirmed by the court before they can be clearly identified as disabilities. The reason was that the records about the history of coma were inconsistent or there were alterations and additional information. CONCLUSIONS: In the past, the conditions for appraisal of post-concussion syndrome disability were too lax and must be further standardized and strictly controlled.
Assuntos
Concussão Encefálica , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais , Transtornos Mentais , Síndrome Pós-Concussão , Concussão Encefálica/complicações , Concussão Encefálica/diagnóstico , Cefaleia/psicologia , Humanos , Síndrome Pós-Concussão/diagnóstico , Síndrome Pós-Concussão/psicologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between the interleukin-17 (IL-17) level of peripheral blood and aggression of bipolar mania. METHODS: Thirty-six patients of bipolar mania were selected as experimental group by DSM-IV-TR and received treatment with quetiapine and lithium. Thirty-six healthy volunteers with similar age and gender were selected as control group. The level of IL-17 at baseline in each group and the level of IL-17 in the experimental group after treatment for 2, 4 and 8 weeks were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The level of IL-17 in experimental group at baseline, after treatment for 2 and 4 weeks were all significantly higher than that in control group. After 8 weeks treatment, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 2, 4 and 8 weeks treatment, the total score and aggression score of Young Mania Rating Score (YMRS) were significantly lower than the baseline level (P < 0.05). In experimental group, the level of IL-17 was positively correlated with the two scores of YMRS at baseline (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Bipolar mania may be related to the up-regulation of IL-17. The level of IL-17 is related to the severity of manic symptoms at baseline, especially aggression symptom.