Vascular access type and prognosis in elderly hemodialysis patients: a propensity-score-matched study.

BACKGROUND: To compare the impact of tunneled cuffed catheters (TCCs) and arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) on outcomes in elderly hemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS: A retrospective matched cohort study was performed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance the baseline conditions, and we compared all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), hospitalization, and infection rates between AVF and TCC patients ≥70 years old. Cox survival analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for death. RESULTS: There were 2119 patients from our center in the Chinese National Renal Data System (CNRDS) between 1 January 2010 and 10 October 2023. Among these patients, 77 TCC patients were matched with 77 AVF patients. There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the TCC and AVF groups (30.1/100 vs. 33.3/100 patient-years, p = 0.124). Among the propensity score-matched cohorts, no significant differences in Kaplan-Meier curves were observed between the two groups (log-rank p = 0.242). The TCC group had higher rates of MACCEs, hospitalization, and infection than the AVF group (33.7/100 vs. 29.5/100 patient-years, 101.2/100 vs. 79.5/100 patient-years, and 30.1/100 vs. 14.1/100 patient-years, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that high Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score was a risk factor for death. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between elderly HD patients receiving TCCs and AVFs. Compared with those with a TCC, elderly HD patients with an AVF have a lower risk of MACCEs, hospitalization, and infection.

The combined effect of triglyceride-glucose index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic coronary syndrome: A multicenter cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are the commonly used biomarkers for insulin resistance and systemic inflammation, respectively. We aimed to investigate the combined association of TyG and hsCRP with the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). METHODS: A total of 9421 patients with CCS were included in this study. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite of MACE covering all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and revascularization. RESULTS: During the 2-year follow-up period, 660 (7.0%) cases of MACE were recorded. Participants were divided equally into three groups according to TyG levels. Compared with the TyG T1 group, the risk of MACE was significantly higher in the TyG T3 group. It is noteworthy that among patients in the highest tertile of TyG, hsCRP >3 mg/L was significantly associated with an increased risk of MACE, whereas the results were not significant in the medium to low TyG groups. When patients were divided into six groups according to hsCRP and TyG, the Cox regression analysis showed that patients in the TyG T3 and hsCRP >3 mg/L group had a significantly higher risk of MACE than those in the TyG T1 and hsCRP ≤3 mg/L group. However, no significant interaction was found between TyG and hsCRP on the risk of MACE. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the concurrent assessment of TyG and hsCRP may be valuable in identifying high-risk populations and guiding management strategies among CCS patients.

Spinel-Type Structured Phosphor Near-Infrared-II Emission: Intervalence Charge Transfer and Hetero-Valent Chromium Pairs.

Near-infrared (NIR) emitting phosphors draw much attention because they show great applicability and development prospects in many fields. Herein, a series of inverse spinel-type structured LiGa5O8 phosphors with a high concentration of Cr3+ activators is reported with a dual emission band covering NIR-I and II regions. Except for strong ionic exchange interactions such as Cr3+-Cr3+ and Cr3+ clusters, an intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) process between aggregated Cr ion pairs is proposed as the mechanism for the ~1210 nm NIR-II emission. Comprehensive structural and luminescence characterization points to IVCT between two Cr3+ being induced by structural distortion and further enhanced by irradiation. Construction of the configurational energy level diagram enabled elucidation of this transition within the IVCT process. Therefore, this work provides insight into the emission mechanism within the high Cr3+ concentration system, revealing a new design strategy for NIR-II emitting phosphors to promote its response.

Formation and kinetic analysis of AGEs in Pacific white shrimp during frying.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are complex and heterogeneous compounds closely associated with various chronic diseases. The changes in Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML), Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL), Nε-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1), and fluorescent AGEs (F-AGEs) in fried shrimp during frying (170 °C, 0-210 s) were described by kinetic models. Besides,the correlations between AGEs contents and physicochemical indicators were analyzed to reveal their intrinsic relationship. Results showed that the changes of four AGEs contents followed the zero-order kinetic, and their rate constants were ranked as kCML < kCEL ≈ kMG-H1 < kF-AGEs. Oil content and lipid oxidation were critical factors that affected the AGEs levels of the surface layer. Protein content and Maillard reaction were major factors in enhancing the CML and CEL levels of the interior layer. Furthermore, the impact of temperature on the generation of CML and CEL was greater than that of MG-H1 and F-AGEs.

Multifunctional Janus Membrane for Diabetic Wound Healing and Intelligent Monitoring.

The complex microenvironment of diabetic wounds often hinders the healing process, ultimately leading to the formation of diabetic foot ulcers and even death. Dual monitoring and treatment of wounds can significantly reduce the incidence of such cases. Herein, a multifunctional Janus membrane (3D chitosan sponge-ZE/polycaprolactone nanofibers-ZP) was developed by incorporating the zinc metal-organic framework, europium metal-organic framework, and phenol red into nanofibers for diabetic wound monitoring and treatment. The directional water transport capacity of the resulting Janus membrane allows for unidirectional and irreversible drainage of wound exudate, and the multifunctional Janus membrane creates up to a 99% antibacterial environment, both of which can treat wounds. Moreover, the pH (5-8) and H2O2 (0.00-0.80 µM) levels of the wound can be monitored using the color-changing property of phenol red and the fluorescence characteristic of Eu-MOF on the obtained membrane, respectively. The healing stages of the wound can also be monitored by analyzing the RGB values of the targeted membrane images. This design can more accurately reflect the wound state and treat the wound to reduce bacterial infection and accelerate wound healing, which has been demonstrated in in vivo experiments. The results provide an important basis for early intervention in diabetic patients.

Impact of dietary inflammatory index on gestational diabetes mellitus in normal and overweight women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To systematically investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), with a focus on the role of BMI in this relationship. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Medline, CINAHL Complete, Chinese Periodical Full-text Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China Wanfang Database for rele-vant observational studies published up to August 2023. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The pooled effect size was calculated using a random-effects model. Sub-group and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS: The study included 54,058 participants from 10 studies. Pregnant women with a higher DII, indicating a pro-inflammatory diet, had a significantly increased risk of GDM compared to those with a lower DII, indicating an anti-inflammatory diet (pooled OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36; I²=70%, p <0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed a stronger association in normal weight stratification (OR: 1.25, 95%CI: 1.04-1.51), case-control studies (OR: 1.45, 95%CI: 1.03-2.05), Asia (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.10-1.43), Europe (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.09-1.48), 3-day dietary record as a dietary assessment tool (OR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.16-1.46), physical activity adjustment (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.13-1.46), and energy intake adjustment (OR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.19-1.48). Meta-regression analysis confirmed that geographical region significantly influenced heterogeneity between studies (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: An elevated DII is independently linked to a higher risk of GDM, especially in women of normal weight.

Uncovering the freezing energy release of salted grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) flesh: Effects of water state and protein structure on the thermal properties.

The effect of NaCl content on the protein structures, water status and thermal properties of grass carp flesh, along with its relationship with energy required for freezing was investigated to improve the quality of frozen flesh and to reduce energy consumption for freezing. Adding salt prompted the shifting of the secondary structure of α-helix to ß-sheet, ß-turn and random coil. The interaction between water molecules and hydrophilic groups in the unfolded protein structure increased nonfreezing water content, which decreased specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity of sample during freezing. The lowest energy required (235.69 kJ/kg) for freezing was found in 7% NaCl salted sample, indicating a 38.39% reduction compared to the unsalted sample. Few pores between muscle fibers were observed in the 3% and 5% NaCl salted sample. Therefore, an optimal salt concentration improved quality of frozen flesh and reduced the energy required for freezing, promoting energy-efficient freezing of aquatic products.

How Parental Mediation and Parental Phubbing Affect Preschool Children's Screen Media Use: A Response Surface Analysis.

Parental mediation (PM) and parental phubbing (PP) are two pivotal factors that influence children's screen media use. This study used response surface analysis to examine the combined effect of PM and PP on screen time among preschool children. A total of 3,445 parents with preschool-aged children participated in this study, providing self-reported data on PM, PP, and their children's screen time (CST). The results revealed that CST decreased when parents enhanced their mediation behaviors and reduced phubbing behaviors in the cases of congruence between PM and PP. In instances of incongruence, reduced screen time was observed when parents exhibited lower frequency in mediating their CST and displayed fewer phubbing behaviors compared with situations where parents mediated their children more frequently but engaged in higher levels of phubbing behaviors. The findings suggest that PM play a significant role in mitigating preschool-aged children's excessive screen time. Moreover, it is critical to establish positive role modeling by reducing PP behaviors.

Long-term exposure to ozone and sleep disorders in children: A multicity study in China.

Evidence regarding the link between long-term ambient ozone (O3) exposure and childhood sleep disorders is little. This study aims to examine the associations between long-term exposure to O3 and sleep disorders in children. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey, including 185,428 children aged 6-18 years in 173 schools across 14 Chinese cities during 2012 and 2018. Parents or guardians completed a checklist using Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, and O3 exposure at residential and school addresses was estimated using a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. We used generalized linear mixed models to test the associations with adjustment for factors including socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, meteorology and multiple pollutants. Mean concentrations of O3, particulate matter with diameters ≤2.5 mm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were 89.0 µg/m3, 42.5 µg/m3 and 34.4 µg/m3, respectively. O3 and NO2 concentrations were similar among provinces, while PM2.5 concentration varied significantly among provinces. Overall, 19.4% of children had at least one sleep disorder. Long-term exposure to O3 was positively associated with odds of sleep disorders for all subtypes. For example, each interquartile increment in home-school O3 concentrations was associated with a higher odds ratio for global sleep disorder, at 1.22 (95% confidence interval: 1.18, 1.26). Similar associations were observed for sleep disorder subtypes. The associations remained similar after adjustment for PM2.5 and NO2. Moreover, these associations were heterogeneous regionally, with more prominent associations among children residing in southeast region than in northeast and northwest regions in China. We concluded that long-term exposure to O3 is positively associated with risks of childhood sleep disorders. These associations varied by geographical region of China.

Quasi-Solid-State Na-O2 Battery with Composite Polymer Electrolyte.

Na-O2 batteries have emerged as promising candidates due to their high theoretical energy density (1,601 Wh kg-1), the potential for high energy storage efficiency, and the abundance of sodium in the earth's crust. Considering the safety issue, quasi-solid-state composite polymer electrolytes are among the promising solid-state electrolyte candidates. Their higher mechanical toughness provides superior resistance to dendritic penetration compared with traditional liquid electrolytes. The flexibility of the composite polymer electrolyte matrix allows it to conform to various battery configurations and considerably reduces safety concerns related to the combustion risks associated with conventional liquid electrolytes. In this study, we employed poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI) as the polymer matrix and sodium ion-conducting agent, respectively. We incorporated nanosized NZSP (25 wt %) to create the composite polymer electrolyte membrane. This CPE design facilitates ion conduction pathways through both sodium salt and NZSP. By utilizing a liquid electrolyte infiltration method, we successfully enhanced its ionic conductivity, achieving an ionic conductivity of 10-4 S cm-1 at room temperature.

Combined genome and transcriptome provides insight into the genetic evolution of an edible halophyte Suaeda salsa adaptation to high salinity.

Suaeda salsa L. is a typical halophyte with high value as a vegetable. Here, we report a 447.98 Mb, chromosomal-level genome of S. salsa, assembled into nine pseudomolecules (contig N50 = 1.36 Mb) and annotated with 27,927 annotated protein-coding genes. Most of the assembled S. salsa genome, 58.03%, consists of transposable elements. Some gene families including HKT1, NHX, SOS and CASP related to salt resistance were significantly amplified. We also observed expansion of genes encoding protein that bind the trace elements Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn, and genes related to flavonoid and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Many expanded genes were significantly up-regulated under salinity, which might have contributed to the acquisition of salt tolerance in S. salsa. Transcriptomic data showed that high salinity markedly up-regulated salt-resistance related genes, compared to low salinity. Abundant metabolic pathways of secondary metabolites including flavonoid, unsaturated fatty acids and selenocompound were enriched, which indicates that the species is a nutrient-rich vegetable. Particularly worth mentioning is that there was no significant difference in the numbers of cis-elements in the promoters of salt-related and randomly selected genes in S. salsa when compared with Arabidopsis thaliana, which may affirm that plant salt tolerance is a quantitative rather than a qualitative trait in terms of promoter evolution. Our findings provide deep insight into the adaptation of halophytes to salinity from a genetic evolution perspective.

Neurotoxicity of fine and ultrafine particulate matter: A comprehensive review using a toxicity pathway-oriented adverse outcome pathway framework.

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can cause brain damage and diseases. Of note, ultrafine particles (UFPs) with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 100 nm are a growing concern. Evidence has suggested toxic effects of PM2.5 and UFPs on the brain and links to neurological diseases. However, the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully illustrated due to the variety of the study models, different endpoints, etc. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework is a pathway-based approach that could systematize mechanistic knowledge to assist health risk assessment of pollutants. Here, we constructed AOPs by collecting molecular mechanisms in PM-induced neurotoxicity assessments. We chose particulate matter (PM) as a stressor in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and identified the critical toxicity pathways based on Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). We found 65 studies investigating the potential mechanisms linking PM2.5 and UFPs to neurotoxicity, which contained 2, 675 genes in all. IPA analysis showed that neuroinflammation signaling and glucocorticoid receptor signaling were the common toxicity pathways. The upstream regulator analysis (URA) of PM2.5 and UFPs demonstrated that the neuroinflammation signaling was the most initially triggered upstream event. Therefore, neuroinflammation was recognized as the MIE. Strikingly, there is a clear sequence of activation of downstream signaling pathways with UFPs, but not with PM2.5. Moreover, we found that inflammation response and homeostasis imbalance were key cellular events in PM2.5 and emphasized lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment in UFPs. Previous AOPs, which only focused on phenotypic changes in neurotoxicity upon PM exposure, we for the first time propose AOP framework in which PM2.5 and UFPs may activate pathway cascade reactions, resulting in adverse outcomes associated with neurotoxicity. Our toxicity pathway-based approach not only advances risk assessment for PM-induced neurotoxicity but shines a spotlight on constructing AOP frameworks for new chemicals.

Regioselective Electrooxidative [3+2] Annulation between Indole and Aniline Derivatives to Construct Functionalized Indolo[2,3-b]indoles.

A protocol for the electrooxidative [3+2] annulation to generate indolo[2,3-b]indoles in an undivided cell is reported. It exhibits good yields with excellent regioselectivities and tolerates various functional groups without external chemical oxidants. Cyclic voltammetry and density functional theory calculations indicate that the [3+2] annulation is initiated by the simultaneous anodic oxidation of indole and aniline derivatives, and the step to determine the rate relies on the combination of radical cations.

A robust, eco-friendly, and biodegradable cellulose nanofiber composite film for highly effective formaldehyde removal at room temperature.

Formaldehyde (HCHO) poses a significant threat as a common indoor air pollutant, leading to various health issues. However, effectively addressing HCHO removal at room temperature remains a considerable challenge. This paper presents the preparation of a robust, eco-friendly, and biodegradable composite cellulose nanofiber film, incorporating CeO2-Ag@MnO2 catalysts and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCNF), for high-efficiency HCHO removal at room temperature. A CeO2-Ag@MnO2 ternary catalyst with a core-shell structure was constructed to enhance the catalytic oxidation activity and stability. This structure increased the number of active sites on the catalyst surface and enhanced the interfacial synergistic effect of Ce-Ag-Mn. The TOCNF physically adsorbed HCHO in the composite film, while the catalyst oxidized it to CO2 and water. The composite films, particularly those with 20 wt% CeO2-Ag@MnO2 catalyst, exhibited high HCHO removal rates of 91.2 % at 20 °C and 99.6 % at 60 °C. Furthermore, the TOCNF/20 CAM composite films demonstrated excellent mechanical properties and degradability. This composite film offers an efficient and eco-friendly solution for the catalytic oxidation of HCHO at room temperature.

Association between outdoor light at night exposure and executive function in Chinese children.

BACKGROUND: Recent evidences highlight the potential impact of outdoor Light at Night (LAN) on executive function. However, few studies have investigated the association between outdoor LAN exposure and executive function. METHODS: We employed data from 48,502 Chinese children aged 5-12 years in a cross-sectional study conducted in Guangdong province during 2020-2021, to examine the association between outdoor LAN and executive function assessed using the validated parent-completed Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. We assessed children's outdoor LAN exposure using the night-time satellite images based on the residential addresses. We used generalized linear mixed models to estimate the association between outdoor LAN exposure and executive function scores and executive dysfunction. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential covariates, higher quintiles of outdoor LAN exposure were associated with poorer executive function. Compared to the lowest quintile (Q1), all higher quintiles of exposure showed a significant increased global executive composite (GEC) score with ß (95% confidence intervals, CI) of 0.58 (0.28, 0.88) in Q2, 0.59 (0.28, 0.9) in Q3, 0.85 (0.54, 1.16) in Q4, and 0.76 (0.43, 1.09) in Q5. Higher quintiles of exposure were also associated with higher risks for GEC dysfunction with odd ratios (ORs) (95% CI) of 1.34 (1.18, 1.52) in Q2, 1.40 (1.24, 1.59) in Q3, 1.40 (1.23, 1.59) in Q4, and 1.39 (1.22, 1.58) in Q5. And stronger associations were observed in children aged 10-12 years. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that high outdoor LAN exposure was associated with poor executive function in children. These findings suggested that future studies should determine whether interventions to reduce outdoor LAN exposure can have a positive effect on executive function.

Digestion and absorption characteristics of iron-chelating silver carp scale collagen peptide and insights into their chelation mechanism.

Iron deficiency is widespread throughout the world, supplementing sufficient iron or improving the bioavailability of iron is the fundamental strategy to solve the problem of iron scarcity. Herein, we explored a new form of iron supplement, iron chelates of silver carp scales (SCSCP-Fe) were prepared from collagen peptide of silver carp scales (SCSCP) and FeCl2·4H2O, the effects of external environment and simulated gastrointestinal digestive environment on the stability of SCSCP-Fe and the structural changes of peptide iron chelates during digestion were investigated. The results of in vitro iron absorption promotion showed that the iron bioavailability of SCSCP-Fe was higher than that of FeSO4. Two potential high iron chelating peptides DTSGGYDEY (DY) and LQGSNEIEIR (LR) were screened and synthesized from the SCSCP sequence by molecular dynamics and LC-MS/MS techniques. The FTIR results displayed that the binding sites of DY and LR for Fe2+ were the carboxyl group, the amino group, and the nitrogen atom on the amide group on the peptide. ITC results indicated that the chelation reactions of DY and LR with Fe2+ were mainly dominated by electrostatic interactions, forming chelates in stoichiometric ratios of 1:2 and 1:1, respectively. Both DY and LR had a certain ability to promote iron absorption. The transport of DY-Fe chelate may be a combination of the three pathways: PepT1 vector pathway, cell bypass, and endocytosis, while LR-Fe chelate was dominated by bivalent metal ion transporters. This study is expected to provide theoretical reference and technical support for the high-value utilization of silver carp scales and the development of novel iron supplements.

Exposures to particulate matters and childhood sleep disorders-A large study in three provinces in China.

OBJECTIVES: Evidence on the link between long-term ambient particulate matter (PM) exposures and childhood sleep disorders were scarce. We examined the associations between long-term exposures to PM2.5 and PM1 (PM with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter <2.5 µm and <1 µm, respectively) with sleep disorders in children. METHODS: We performed a population-based cross-sectional survey in 177,263 children aged 6 to 18 years in 14 Chinese cities during 2012-2018. A satellite-based spatiotemporal model was employed to estimate four-year annual average PM2.5 and PM1 exposures at residential and school addresses. Parents or guardians completed a checklist using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children. We estimated the associations using generalized linear mixed models with adjustment for characteristics of children, parents, and indoor environments. RESULTS: Long-term PM2.5 and PM1 exposures were positively associated with odds of sleep disorders for almost all domains. For example, increments in PM2.5 and PM1 per 10 µg/m3 were associated with odds ratios of global sleep disorder of 1.24 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.14, 1.35) and 1.31 (95 %CI: 1.18, 1.46), respectively. Similar results were observed for subtypes of sleep disorder. These associations were heterogeneous regionally, with stronger associations among children residing in southeast region than in northeast and northwest regions. Moreover, larger estimates of PM1 were found than that of PM2.5 in southeast region. CONCLUSION: Long-term PM2.5 and PM1 exposures are independently associated with higher risks of childhood sleep disorders, and these associations vary by geographical region.

Association of Cytokines with Clinical Indicators in Patients with Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

Objective: To explore characteristics of clinical parameters and cytokines in patients with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by different drugs and their correlation with clinical indicators. Method: The study was conducted on patients who were up to Review of Uncertainties in Confidence Assessment for Medical Tests (RUCAM) scoring criteria and clinically diagnosed with DILI. Based on Chinese herbal medicine, cardiovascular drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anti-infective drugs, and other drugs, patients were divided into five groups. Cytokines were measured by Luminex technology. Baseline characteristics of clinical biochemical indicators and cytokines in DILI patients and their correlation were analyzed. Results: 73 patients were enrolled. Age among five groups was statistically different ( P = 0.032). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ( P = 0.033) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ( P = 0.007) in NSAIDs group were higher than those in chinese herbal medicine group. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in patients with Chinese herbal medicine (IL-6: P < 0.001; TNF-α: P < 0.001) and cardiovascular medicine (IL-6: P = 0.020; TNF-α: P = 0.001) were lower than those in NSAIDs group. There was a positive correlation between ALT ( r = 0.697, P = 0.025), AST ( r = 0.721, P = 0.019), and IL-6 in NSAIDs group. Conclusion: Older age may be more prone to DILI. Patients with NSAIDs have more severe liver damage in early stages of DILI, TNF-α and IL-6 may partake the inflammatory process of DILI.

Preparation of a self-matting, anti-fingerprint and skin-tactile wood coating via biomimetic self-wrinkling patterns.

Inspired by natural wrinkled surfaces, artificial surfaces with biomimetic wrinkled structures have been widely used to improve optical properties, wettability, and antibacterial properties. However, the preparation of wrinkled structures has the disadvantages of long-time consumption and complex processes. Herein, we prepared a self-wrinkling polyurethane-acrylate (PUA) wood coating via biomimetic self-wrinkling patterns by using a light-emitting diode (LED)/excimer/mercury lamp curing system, which was capable of self-matting, anti-fingerprint and skin-tactile performance. By adjusting the irradiation intensity in the curing system, the wavelength (λ) and amplitude (A) of wrinkles on the coating surface were controlled to enhance the coating performance. After curing by the LED, excimer, and mercury lamps at energy intensities of 500, 30, and 300 mW/cm2 respectively, the self-wrinkling coating showed excellent surface performance. The self-wrinkling coating represented low gloss of 4.1 GU at 85°, high hardness of 4H. Interestingly, the coating surface had a high hydrophobicity (104.5°) and low surface energy (29-30 mN/m) and low coefficient (COF) of friction (0.1-0.2), which were consistent with those of the human skin surface. Besides, the wrinkled structure also improved the thermal stability of the coating samples. This study provided a promising technique for the mass production of self-wrinkling coatings that could be used in wood-based panels, furniture, and leather.

The association between glycated hemoglobin levels and long-term prognosis in patients with diabetes and triple-vessel coronary disease across different age groups: A cohort study.

AIM: Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and adverse prognostic events in patients with diabetes and triple-vessel coronary disease (TVD). METHODS: This study ultimately included 2051 patients with TVD and diabetes. Patients were categorized into five groups based on their HbA1c levels: < 6.0 %, 6.0-6.4 %, 6.5-6.9 %, 7.0-7.9 %, and ≥ 8.0 %. The primary endpoint was all-cause death, and the secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 5.88 years. During this period, a total of 323 (15.7 %) all-cause deaths and 537 (26.2 %) MACCEs were recorded. The relationship between HbA1c and the risk of endpoint events showed a J-shaped pattern, with the lowest risk observed between 6.0 % and 6.4 %. Further analysis revealed a significant interaction between HbA1c and age. In the subgroup with age < 70 years, as HbA1c increased, the risk of endpoint events gradually rose. While in the subgroup with age ≥70 years, there was an L-shaped relationship between HbA1c and endpoint events, with the highest risk observed in patients with HbA1c < 6.0 %. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed variations in the relationship between HbA1c levels and endpoint events among patients with TVD and diabetes of different ages. In younger patients, elevated HbA1c levels were associated with a higher risk of death and MACCE, while in older patients, excessively low HbA1c levels (HbA1c < 6 %) were linked to a higher risk of death and MACCE.