Case report: Comprehensive follow-up of a Colombian family carrying a novel MEN1 variant linked to a rare ACTH-producing pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Background: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder marked by pathogenic variants in the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene, leading to tumors in the parathyroid glands, pancreas, and pituitary. The occurrence of ACTH-producing pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma is exceedingly rare in MEN1. Case presentation: This report details a Colombian family harboring a novel MEN1 variant identified through genetic screening initiated by the index case. Affected family members exhibited primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) symptoms from their 20s to 50s. Uniquely, the index case developed an ACTH-secreting pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma, a rarity in MEN1 syndromes. Proactive screening enabled the early detection of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) as microadenomas in two carriers, with subsequent surgical or pharmacological intervention based on the clinical presentation. Conclusion: Our findings underscore the significance of cascade screening in facilitating the early diagnosis and individualized treatment of MEN1, contributing to better patient outcomes. Additionally, this study brings to light a novel presentation of ACTH-producing pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma within the MEN1 spectrum, expanding our understanding of the disease's manifestations.

Carcinoma adrenocortical: Presentación y desenlaces en una institución oncológica / Adrenocortical carcinoma: Presentation and outcomes at an oncological institute

Resumen Introducción: El carcinoma adrenocortical es una neoplasia endocrina infrecuente pero con un comportamiento altamente agresivo y pobre pronóstico. Dado su baja prevalencia, la experiencia de los centros de referencia es fundamental para aumentar el conocimiento de esta entidad. Métodos: Se elaboró una serie de casos de pacientes con carcinoma adrenocortical, tratados en una institución oncológica de referencia entre enero de 2007 y diciembre de 2017. Se describieron las características clínicas e histopatológicas de los pacientes. Se estimó el tiempo de supervivencia libre de progresión y el tiempo de supervivencia global (SG) de forma gráfica y con funciones de tiempo al evento mediante la función de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: Se identificaron 19 pacientes, 14 de los cuales fueron mujeres con edad media al diagnóstico de 43.4 años (rango 20 - 65). El 58% de los pacientes tuvo secreción hormonal, siendo el síndrome de Cushing el predominante. 7 pacientes tuvieron compromiso metastásico al momento del diagnóstico. Todos los pacientes fueron llevados a adrenalectomía y el estado postquirúrgico en 10 pacientes fue R0. Al final del periodo de estudio, 11 pacientes estaban vivos. La mediana de supervivencia libre de progresión fue de 18 meses +/- 7.86 y la mediana de supervivencia global fue de 30 meses +/-19.80. Conclusión: En la población de pacientes analizada, se encontraron desenlaces de supervivencia libre de progresión y supervivencia global similares a lo reportado en centros de alta experiencia en patología adrenal.

Abstract Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare endocrine neoplasm, but with highly aggressive behavior and a poor prognosis. Given its low prevalence, the experience of reference centers is essential to characterize the factors associated with this disease. Methods: It is a case series of patients with adrenocortical carcinoma, treated at a reference oncology institute between January 2007 and December 2017. The clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients are described. Progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were estimated graphically and with time-to-event data using the Kaplan-Meier function. Results: 19 patients were identified; 14 of them were women with a mean age at diagnosis of 43.4 years (range 20-65). 58% of the patients had hormone secretion, with Cushing's syndrome being the predominant one. 7 patients had metastatic compromise at the time of diagnosis. All patients underwent adrenalectomy, and R0 was the post-surgical status in 10 of them. At the end of the study period, 11 patients were alive. The median progression-free survival was 18 months +/- 7.86, and the median overall survival was 30 months +/- 19.8. Conclusion: In the analyzed patient population, outcomes of progression-free survival and overall survival were similar to that reported at centers with extensive experience in adrenal disease.