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1.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters ; 34(4): 323-333, 2021 Dec 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35035325

RESUMO

Burn trauma is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. None of the currently available formulas for mortality prediction take into account the impact of comorbidities on burn patients' outcome. In this study, we evaluate the impact of comorbidities on in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of hospital stay (≥30 days). A retrospective analysis of burn patients' medical records, over a 5-year period, was undertaken. A total of 677 patients were included. The mortality rate was 6.5%. Deceased patients and survivors with length of hospital stay (LOS) of 30 or more days were significantly older, had larger %TBSA burned, were more likely to have inhalation injury and comorbidities, and had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores. On the multivariate logistic regression models, age, %TBSA burned, CCI score and the presence of inhalation injury were independently associated with mortality and prolonged LOS. In conclusion, the authors suggest that the inclusion of comorbidities should be considered on burn admission scores in an attempt to better predict burn mortality.


Les brûlures sont responsables de morbidité et de mortalité élevées. Aucun des scores prédictifs actuels ne prend en compte les comorbidités des patients. Cette étude évalue leur impact sur le devenir et la durée d'hospitalisation prolongée (≥30 jours). Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective fondée sur l'analyse des dossiers de 667 patients hospitalisés pendant une période de 5 ans, chez lesquels la mortalité s'est avérée être de 6,5%. Les patients décédés et à la durée de séjour ≥30 jours étaient significativement plus âgés, brûlés sur une plus grande surface, avaient plus fréquemment inhalé des fumées et avaient plus de comorbidités (reflétées par un score de Charlson- SCh- plus élevé). En analyse multivariée, l'âge, la surface brûlée, l'inhalation de fumées et le SCh était des facteurs indépendants de séjour prolongé et de mortalité. Les auteurs suggèrent donc d'inclure les comorbidités dans les scores prédictifs concernant les brûlés.

2.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters ; 31(3): 233-237, 2018 Sep 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30863259

RESUMO

Despite the wide and growing use of microsurgery, its application in primary burn reconstruction is not very frequent as it faces a number of additional challenges in this setting. A retrospective analysis of the clinical records of all patients submitted to microvascular free tissue transfer for primary burn reconstruction over an 8-year period (from January 2009 to December 2016) was performed. An evaluation of the indications, timing, principles of flap selection, complications and outcomes of free tissue transfer in primary burn reconstruction was made. Fourteen patients required 18 microsurgical flaps for acute soft tissue reconstruction (1.1% of all patients admitted). 64.3% of the patients were male. The mean age was 59.64 years, and mean TBSA was 10.5%. The majority of the injuries were caused by flames (71.4%), followed by electrical contact (21.4%). The primary indication for microsurgical reconstruction was tissue deficit with exposure of tendons, nerves, vessels, bone and/or joints after debridement. The procedure was more often performed in the early period after injury (between the 5th and 22nd day). The most frequently used flaps were the Latissimus dorsi and the anterolateral thigh flap. Major complications included 2 total flap failures (11.1%) and a partial flap failure that required reconstruction with another free flap. Microsurgical free flaps have a valuable role in primary burn reconstruction. Despite the reported higher complication rate in this specific clinical scenario, their use may reduce the total number of surgeries needed to achieve wound closure.


Bien que de plus en plus utilisée, la microchirurgie est rarement utilisée dans la prise en charge initiale des brûlés, et doit faire face à plusieurs difficultés supplémentaires dans cette indication. Nous avons effectué une analyse rétrospective des dossiers de tous les patients brûlés entre janvier 2009 et décembre 2016 ayant bénéficié au stade d'un lambeau libre (LL). Nous avons évalué l'indication, le délai, la sélection du site donneur, les complications et l'évolution du lambeau. Quatorze patients (1,1% du total) dont 64,5% d'hommes ont bénéficié de 18 LL. L'âge moyen était de 59,64 ans, la surface brûlée de 10,5%. La majorité des brûlures (71,4%) étaient dues à une flamme, 21,4% à l'électricité. L'indication principale était l'exposition ostéo-articulaire ou d'éléments nobles (tendons, nerfs, vaisseaux) après excision. La réalisation du LL était précoce (J5-J22). Les sites donneurs étaient Latissimus dorsi et la région antéro-latérale de cuisse. Deux lambeaux ont totalement nécrosé, un partiellement, ce qui a nécessité la réalisation d'un second LL. Les LL ont une place dans la prise en charge initiale des brûlés. Bien de grevés d'un taux de complications plus élevé dans cette indication, ils peuvent permettre de diminuer le nombre d'interventions nécessaires à la cicatrisation.

3.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters ; 30(4): 268-271, 2017 Dec 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29983679

RESUMO

Although electrical burns have a rather low incidence, they are considered one of the most devastating injuries. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse specific aspects of electrical injuries and to delineate a prevention strategy. A retrospective analysis of medical records of all the patients admitted to our Unit with electrical burns over a 10-year period (2006/01/01-2015/12/31) was undertaken. Demographic data, mechanism of injury and electric current voltage, total burn surface area (TBSA), location and depth of burns, acute complications, surgical interventions and length of hospital stay (LOS) were analysed. Out of 1695 burn patients admitted to our Unit, 99 subjects (5.84%) suffered electrical burns. 97% of these patients were male. The mean age was 38.3±13.7years and mean TBSA was 11.9%±13.2%. The mechanism of injury was occupational in 75 cases. Injuries were classified as low-voltage burns (24.2%), highvoltage burns (30.3%) and flash burns (45.5%). TBSA (p=0.014), mean LOS (p=0.002) and serum creatinine kinase levels (p<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with high-voltage injury in comparison to low-voltage injury, as well as the incidence of escharotomy/ fasciotomy (p=0.049) and flap surgeries (p=0.004). Although there was a higher incidence of amputations in this group (16.7% vs. 12.5%), the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.487). The high prevalence of electrical burns in males and workers emphasizes the need to review occupational safety regulations. Educational efforts regarding potential hazards of electricity and reinforcing compliance with safety measures are essential to avoid these injuri.


Bien que plutôt rares, les brûlures électriques sont considérées comme les plus délabrants des accidents. Le but de cette étude était d'analyser les aspects spécifiques des brûlures électriques et de définir une stratégie de prévention. Elle a consister en l'analyse des dossiers de tous les patients admis pour brûlure électrique entre le 1er janvier 2006 et les 31 décembre 2015. Les données démographiques, le mécanisme exact de l'accident, le voltage, la surface brûlée (SB), la localisation, la profondeur, les complications initiales, les interventions chirurgicales et la durée moyenne de séjour (DMS) ont été analysées. Quatre vingt dix neuf (5,84%) des 1 695 patients hospitalisés pour brûlure avaient subi un accident électrique, 97% d'entre eux étaient des hommes. Leur âge moyen était de 38,3 +/- 13,7 ans, la surface brûlée de 11,9 +/- 13,2%. Soixante quinze accidents étaient survenus au travail. On recensait 24,2% de brûlures électrothermiques par bas voltage, 30,3% par haut voltage et 45,5% de flashes. La surface brûlés (p=0,014), la DMS (p=0,002), le niveau de CPK sanguine (p<0,001), l'incidence des incisions de décharge et aponévrotomies (p=0,049) et de lambeaux (p=0,004) était plus élevés en cas d'atteinte par haut voltage. Bien que plus élevée chez ces patients (16,7% VS 12,5%), l'incidence des amputation n'était pas statistiquement significative (p=0,487). L'incidence élevée des accidents électriques chez les hommes au travail est une indication à revoir la législation. Des efforts de formation et de contrôle de l'application de la législation sont nécessaires pour éviter ces accidents.

4.
Micron ; 80: 112-21, 2016 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26520255

RESUMO

The diagenetic history of calcareous fossils is required for their application as palaeoenvironmental indicators. In this study, cathodoluminescence-microscopy (CL microscopy) and back scatter electron image-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (BSE-EDS microscopy) were applied to Pliocene rhodoliths from the Azores Archipelago (NE Atlantic) in order to gain additional insight regarding the trace element content distribution throughout the algae thalli, and to ascertain palaeoenvironmental interpretations. Two types of luminescence were obtained: (1) high and (2) low luminescence. Rhodoliths with high luminescence are related with high concentrations of Mn(2+) in seawater and low luminescence rhodoliths are related with low concentrations of Mn(2+) in seawater. When the rhodoliths were deposited at about 4.0-4.5 Ma, the shoreline configuration of Santa Maria Island was much different than today. The influence of volcanic activity due to the extrusion of lavas and associated products and/or the presence of active shallow-water hydrothermal vents, was reflected in the sea water chemistry, with penecontemporaneous palaeoshores of the island featuring a high sea water concentration of Mn(2+), which mirrored on the rhodolith Mn(2+) high concentration. By contrast, rhodoliths located about 2.8 and 2.9 km from the shore, in areas with low seawater Mn(2+) concentration, had low luminescence, reflecting the low Mn(2+) concentration in seawater. Rhodoliths chemical data and the geological history of the island proved to be congruent with the palaeogeographical reconstruction of Santa Maria Island at the time of the formation of the rhodoliths.


Assuntos
Fósseis , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Medições Luminescentes/métodos , Rodófitas/química , Oligoelementos/análise , Açores , Análise Espectral/métodos
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