Os pais e suas expectativas em relação à educação infantil da escola particular / Los padres y sus expectativas en relación con la educación infantil en la escuela no pùblica / Parents' expectations regarding early childhood education in private schools

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa a respeito da percepção dos pais quanto às expectativas e às necessidades da Educação Infantil em escolas particulares do Distrito Federal. Foi utilizado o método qualitativo e como instrumento o questionário. As categorias selecionadas foram: caracterização dos participantes da pesquisa; trabalho pedagógico; relações interpessoais; formação para o trabalho e realidade escolar. Pôde-se concluir que pais encontram-se inteirados do processo educacional dos filhos e participam das atividades propostas pela escola. Acreditam que os professores devam estar em constante aprimoramento para melhorar a qualidade do trabalho pedagógico e, inclusive, sugerem que o governo se dedique a esta formação.

The purpose for this study was to present parents' views regarding the expectations and needs of Early Childhood Education in private schools in the Federal District. The method adopted was Qualitative, and a questionnaire was the instrument used. Categories selected were: characterization of study participants, pedagogical work, inter personal relations, readiness for work and school realities. Parents are aware of their children's educational process and take part in activities offered by the school. They believe that teachers should be under constant training in order to improve the quality of pedagogical work, suggesting that the government should be in charge of this training.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación con respecto a las percepciones de los padres con relación a las expectativas, y las necesidades de la Educación Infantil en las escuelas de Brasilia, Distrito Federal. Fue utilizado el método cualitativo y como instrumento el cuestionario. Las categorías seleccionadas fueran: caracterización de los participantes de la investigación; trabajo pedagógico; relaciones interpersonales; formación para el trabajo y realidad escolar. A la conclusión lo padres se encuentran informados del proceso educacional de sus hijos y participan de las actividades propuestas por la escuela. Sugieren que los profesores deben estar en constante formación para mejorar la calidad del trabajo pedagógico e, incluso, sugieren a los gobiernos dedicarse a esta formación.

Biologic therapy in primary systemic vasculitis of the young.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the biologic treatment regimens and report the efficacy and safety of biologic therapies in a multicentre series of children with primary systemic vasculitis (PSV). METHODS: This was a retrospective descriptive case series of children with PSV treated with biologic therapy between February 2002 and November 2007. Primary retrospective outcome assessment measures were: daily corticosteroid dose; Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS); and adverse events (including infection rate). RESULTS: Twenty-five patients median age 8.8 (range 2.4-16) years; 11 male with active PSV (n = 6 with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitides, n = 11 with polyarteritis nodosa, n = 7 with unclassified vasculitis and n = 1 with Behçet's disease) were treated with biologic agents including infliximab (n = 7), rituximab (n = 6), etanercept (n = 4), adalimumab (n = 1) or multiple biologics sequentially (n = 7). Overall, there was a significant reduction in BVAS from a median of 8.5 (range 5-32) at start of therapy to 4 (range 0-19) at median 32 months follow-up (P = 0.003) accompanied by significant reduction in median daily prednisolone requirement from 1 (range 0.2-2) to 0.25 (range 0-1) mg/kg/day, P = 0.000. For those receiving multiple biologic agents sequentially, a similar clinical improvement was observed with corticosteroid sparing. Infections occurred in 24%, the most severe in those receiving infliximab. CONCLUSION: Our data provide retrospective evidence of efficacy of these agents, and highlight the associated infectious complications. Further multicentre standardization of treatment protocols and data collection to inform clinical trials of biologic therapy in systemic vasculitis of the young is required.