Qualidade de vida de acordo com o controle e gravidade da asma em pacientes pediátricos atendidos em um hospital em Belém do Pará / Quality of life according to asthma control and severity in pediatric patients at a hospital in Belém do Pará, north of Brazil

Introdução: A asma é uma doença inflamatória obstrutiva crônica que, mesmo com baixa letalidade, pode prejudicar a qualidade de vida das crianças e adolescentes. Estabelecer o quanto a gravidade da asma e o seu controle podem influenciar na qualidade de vida dos pacientes pode auxiliar em um melhor desfecho para os pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida em crianças asmáticas de acordo com o controle de sintomas e a gravidade da doença. Métodos: Estudo transversal com inclusão de crianças asmáticas de 7 a 13 anos de idade acompanhadas no ambulatório de pneumologia pediátrica da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará (FSCMPa). Dados sociodemográficos e clínicos foram obtidos por meio de uma ficha de identificação e do prontuário. O controle de sintomas foi avaliado pelo Teste de Controle da Asma e a gravidade foi determinada com base nos critérios do Global Initiative for Asthma. Para avaliação da qualidade de vida foi utilizado o Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ). Resultados: Foram entrevistados 45 pacientes (57,7% meninos) com média de idade de 9,53±1,89 e mediana de 9 anos. Destes, 19, 11 e 15 foram classificados, respectivamente, com asma controlada (AC), asma parcialmente controlada (APC) e asma não controlada (ANC). Quanto à gravidade, 25, 19 e 1 foram classificados, respectivamente, com asma leve (AL), asma moderada (AM) e asma grave (AG). O grupo AC, quando comparado ao APC e ANC, apresentou maiores valores no escore geral do PAQLQ e em todos os domínios (p < 0,05). Quanto à adesão ao tratamento, verificou-se que pacientes com adesão terapêutica têm aproximadamente três vezes mais chance de ter prejuízo mínimo ou ausente na qualidade de vida do que pacientes não aderentes. Conclusão: Crianças asmáticas têm comprometimento da qualidade de vida relacionado ao inadequado controle dos sintomas e à não adesão terapêutica.

Background: Asthma is a chronic obstructive inflammatory disease that, even with low mortality, can impair the quality of life (QoL) of children and adolescents. Establishing to what extent asthma severity and control can influence patient QoL may contribute to better patient outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the QoL of children with asthma according to disease severity and symptom control. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of asthmatic children aged 7 to 13 years followed up at the pediatric pulmonology outpatient clinic of Hospital Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórida do Pará (FSCMPa). Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained using an identification form and from medical records. Symptom control was assessed by the Asthma Control Test, and severity was determined using the Global Initiative for Asthma criteria. The Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) was used to assess QoL. Results: We interviewed 45 patients (57.7% boys) with a mean age of 9.53 ± 1.89 years (median, 9 years). Of these, 19, 11, and 15 were classified as having well-controlled, partially controlled, and uncontrolled asthma, respectively. As for severity, 25, 19, and 1 were classified as having mild, moderate, and severe asthma, respectively. Children with well-controlled asthma had higher scores in total and in all domains of the PAQLQ than those with partially controlled or uncontrolled asthma (p<0.05). Regarding treatment adherence, patients with good adherence were approximately 3 times more likely to have minimal or no impairment in QoL than those with poor adherence. Conclusion: Asthmatic children have impaired QoL as a result of inadequate symptom control and non-adherence to treatment.

Clinical aspects in patients with pulmonary infection caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex, in the Brazilian Amazon.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical manifestations of patients with pulmonary infection caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC), and to compare these manifestations with those of patients infected with other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 43 patients divided into two groups: the MABSC group, consisting of patients with pulmonary infection caused by MABSC (n = 17); and the NTM group, consisting of patients with pulmonary infection caused by NTM other than MABSC (n = 26). Patients were previously treated with a regimen of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol before the diagnosis of NTM was confirmed by two culture-positive sputum samples. The nucleotide sequences of the hsp65, 16S rRNA, and/or rpoB genes were analyzed to identify the mycobacteria. Data were collected on demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics, as well as on treatment responses and outcomes. RESULTS: Loss of appetite was the only clinical manifestation that was significantly more common in the MABSC group than in the NTM group (p = 0.0306). The chance of having to use a second treatment regimen was almost 12 times higher in the MABSC group than in the NTM group. Treatment success was significantly higher in the NTM group than in the MABSC group (83.2% vs. 17.6%; p < 0.0001). The chance of recurrence was approximately 37 times higher in the MABSC group than in the NTM group. CONCLUSIONS: In the study sample, treatment response of pulmonary disease caused by MABSC was less favorable than that of pulmonary disease caused by other NTM.

Clinical aspects in patients with pulmonary infection caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex, in the Brazilian Amazon / Aspectos clínicos em pacientes com infecção pulmonar por micobactérias do complexo Mycobacterium abscessus na Amazônia brasileira

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the clinical manifestations of patients with pulmonary infection caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC), and to compare these manifestations with those of patients infected with other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 43 patients divided into two groups: the MABSC group, consisting of patients with pulmonary infection caused by MABSC (n = 17); and the NTM group, consisting of patients with pulmonary infection caused by NTM other than MABSC (n = 26). Patients were previously treated with a regimen of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol before the diagnosis of NTM was confirmed by two culture-positive sputum samples. The nucleotide sequences of the hsp65, 16S rRNA, and/or rpoB genes were analyzed to identify the mycobacteria. Data were collected on demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics, as well as on treatment responses and outcomes. Results: Loss of appetite was the only clinical manifestation that was significantly more common in the MABSC group than in the NTM group (p = 0.0306). The chance of having to use a second treatment regimen was almost 12 times higher in the MABSC group than in the NTM group. Treatment success was significantly higher in the NTM group than in the MABSC group (83.2% vs. 17.6%; p < 0.0001). The chance of recurrence was approximately 37 times higher in the MABSC group than in the NTM group. Conclusions: In the study sample, treatment response of pulmonary disease caused by MABSC was less favorable than that of pulmonary disease caused by other NTM.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as manifestações clínicas de pacientes com infecção pulmonar por micobactérias do complexo Mycobacterium abscessus (CMA) e compará-las com as daqueles infectados com outras micobactérias não tuberculosas (MNT). Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo envolvendo 43 pacientes divididos em dois grupos: grupo CMA, com pacientes com infecção pulmonar por CMA (n = 17); e grupo MNT, com pacientes com infecção pulmonar por MNT que não CMA (n = 26). Os pacientes foram previamente tratados com o esquema rifampicina, isoniazida, pirazinamida e etambutol antes de o diagnóstico de MNT ser confirmado com culturas positivas em duas amostras de escarro diferentes. As sequências nucleotídicas dos genes hsp65, RNAr 16S e/ou rpoB foram analisadas para a identificação das micobactérias. Foram coletadas características demográficas, clínicas e radiológicas, assim como respostas terapêuticas e desfechos. Resultados: A única manifestação clínica significativamente mais frequente no grupo CMA que no grupo MNT foi hiporexia (p = 0,0306). A chance de haver a necessidade de utilização de um segundo esquema terapêutico foi quase 12 vezes maior no grupo CMA que no grupo MNT. O sucesso terapêutico foi significativamente maior no grupo MNT que no grupo CMA (83,2% vs. 17,6%; p < 0,0001). A chance de recidiva no grupo CMA foi aproximadamente 37 vezes maior que no grupo MNT. Conclusões: Na amostra estudada, a resposta terapêutica da doença pulmonar causada por CMA evoluiu de forma menos favorável do que naquela causada pelas demais MNT.

A case of pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium paraffinicum from the Amazon Region.

M. paraffinicum, a slow-growing scotochromogenic mycobacterium that uses paraffinic hydrocarbons other than methane, i.e. inorganic carbon sources, was originally isolated from soil samples, but only in 2010 definitely achieved the species status. We have described here the first report of pulmonary disease due to M. paraffinicum in Amazon Region.