Application of two-dimensional binary fingerprinting methods for the design of selective Tankyrase I inhibitors.

In the present study, five important binary fingerprinting techniques were used to model novel flavones for the selective inhibition of Tankyrase I. From the fingerprints used: the fingerprint atom pairs resulted in a statistically significant 2D QSAR model using a kernel-based partial least square regression method. This model indicates that the presence of electron-donating groups positively contributes to activity, whereas the presence of electron withdrawing groups negatively contributes to activity. This model could be used to develop more potent as well as selective analogues for the inhibition of Tankyrase I. Schematic representation of 2D QSAR work flow.

Development and validation of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for estimation of rizatriptan benzoate in oral strip formulations.

AIM: A simple, accurate, precise, and reproducible reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of rizatriptan benzoate in oral strip formulations. METHODOLOGY: Separation was achieved under optimized chromatographic condition on a Hiper C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 m) using Shimadzu HPLC. The mobile phase consisted of phosphate buffer (20 mM pH adjusted to 3.2 ± 0.005 with ortho phosphoric acid): Methanol in the ratio of 70:30 v/v with isocratic elution at a flow rate of 1 ml/min at ambient temperature was performed. The detection was carried out at 225 nm using photodiode array detector. The method was validated as per Q1A (R2) guidelines and suitability of developed method was ascertained by using optimized oral strip formulation. RESULTS: The retention time of rizatriptan benzoate was found to be 5.17 min, and the calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 0.20-20 mg/mL (r (2)= 0.9998). The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation were found to be 0.016 mg/mL and 0.0528 mg/mL, respectively. Method validation parameters were found to be within the specified limits. The percentage drug content of oral strips formulation was found to be 98.96 ± 1.37. CONCLUSION: The proposed HPLC method may be used efficiently for routine and quality control analysis of rizatriptan benzoate in pharmaceutical formulations.

Informed consent: Issues and challenges.

Informed consent is an ethical and legal requirement for research involving human participants. It is the process where a participant is informed about all aspects of the trial, which are important for the participant to make a decision and after studying all aspects of the trial the participant voluntarily confirms his or her willingness to participate in a particular clinical trial and significance of the research for advancement of medical knowledge and social welfare. The concept of informed consent is embedded in the principles of Nuremberg Code, The Declaration of Helsinki and The Belmont Report. Informed consent is an inevitable requirement prior to every research involving human being as subjects for study. Obtaining consent involves informing the subject about his or her rights, the purpose of the study, procedures to be undertaken, potential risks and benefits of participation, expected duration of study, extent of confidentiality of personal identification and demographic data, so that the participation of subjects in the study is entirely voluntary. This article provides an overview of issues in informed consent: The obligations of investigator, sponsor and Institutional Review Board to protect rights and welfare of human research subjects. It discusses about the basic elements of informed consent and the process to be followed while obtaining informed consent. Some of the circumstances under which informed consent can be waived and ethical challenges faced by physicians in obtaining informed consent from subjects are also highlighted in this article.

Development of a sensitive bioanalytical method for the quantification of lacosamide in rat plasma. Application to preclinical pharmacokinetics studies in rats.

A sensitive and selective high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for quantification of lacosamide in rat plasma. A liquid-liquid extraction procedure was optimized to extract lacosamide from rat plasma. Chromatographic separation was accomplished using a reversed phase C18 Hichrom (250×4.6 mm, 5 µm) column with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (pH 3.2±0.1; 20 mM) (21:79, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Both intra- and inter day assay precision and accuracy were lower than 15% CV. The lower limit of quantitation was 25 ng/mL for lacosamide and the response was linear in a concentration range from 25 to 10 000 ng/mL. The developed method was successfully used for the preclinical pharmacokinetic study of lacosamide in rats.