Characterization of patients admitted to specialized geriatric acute care hospital units with the German version of the Standardized Evaluation and Intervention for Seniors at Risk (SEISAR) screening-instrument: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The Standardized Evaluation and Intervention for Seniors at Risk (SEISAR) screening tool records major geriatric problems, originally applied in the emergency department. Particularly, the distinction of compensated and uncompensated problems is an interesting and new approach. Therefore, we translated the SEISAR in German language and used it to characterize patients in specialized geriatric hospital wards in Germany and to gather initial experience regarding its usability and practicability. METHODS: The tool was translated by three independent specialists in geriatric medicine and backtranslated for quality-assurance by a non-medical English native speaker. In a second step, 8 acute care geriatric hospital departments used the translated version to characterize all consecutive patients admitted over a period of one month between December 2019 and May 2020 at time of admission. RESULTS: Most of the 756 patients (78%) lived in an own apartment or house prior to hospital admission. Participants had on average 4 compensated and 6 uncompensated problems, a Barthel-Index of 40 pts. on admission with a median increase of 15 points during hospital stay, and a median length of stay of 16 days in the geriatric hospital department. CONCLUSION: SEISAR is an interesting standardized brief comprehensive geriatric assessment tool for the identification of compensated and uncompensated health problems in older persons. The data of this study highlights the number, variability, and complexity of geriatric problems in patients treated in specialized acute care geriatric hospital wards in Germany. TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical trial register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00031354 on 27.02.2023).

How Magnetic is the Dirac Neutrino?

We derive model-independent, "naturalness" upper bounds on the magnetic moments munu of Dirac neutrinos generated by physics above the scale of electroweak symmetry breaking. In the absence of fine-tuning of effective operator coefficients, we find that current information on neutrino mass implies that[EQUATION: SEE TEXT] bohr magnetons. This bound is several orders of magnitude stronger than those obtained from analyses of solar and reactor neutrino data and astrophysical observations.

Neutrinoless double Beta decay and lepton flavor violation.

We point out that extensions of the standard model with low scale (approximately TeV) lepton number violation (LNV) generally lead to a pattern of lepton flavor violation (LFV) experimentally distinguishable from the one implied by models with grand unified theory scale LNV. As a consequence, muon LFV processes provide a powerful diagnostic tool to determine whether or not the effective neutrino mass can be deduced from the rate of neutrinoless double beta decay. We discuss the role of mu-->egamma and mu-->e conversion in nuclei, which will be studied with high sensitivity in forthcoming experiments.

Hadronic light-by-light contribution to muon g - 2 in chiral perturbation theory.

We compute the hadronic light-by-light scattering contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, a(LL)(mu)(had), in chiral perturbation theory that are enhanced by large logarithms and a factor of N(C). They depend on a low-energy constant constrained by eta-->mu(+) mu(-) and pi(0)-->e(+)e(-) branching ratios. However, the dependence of a(LL)(mu)(had) on nonlogarithmically enhanced effects cannot be constrained except through the measurement of the anomalous moment itself.

Charged current universality in the minimal supersymmetric standard model.

We compute the complete one-loop contributions to low-energy charged current weak interaction observables in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). We obtain the constraints on the MSSM parameter space which arise when precision low-energy charged current data are analyzed in tandem with measurements of the muon anomaly. While the data allow the presence of at least one light neutralino, they also imply a pattern of mass splittings among first and second generation sleptons and squarks which contradicts predictions of widely used models for supersymmetry-breaking mediation.

Parity-violating photoproduction of pi(+/-) on the delta resonance.

We analyze the real-photon asymmetry A(gamma)(+/-) for the parity-violating (PV) pi(+/-) production on the Delta resonance via the reactions (-->)gamma + p --> Delta(+) --> pi(+) + n and (-->)gamma + d --> Delta(0) + p --> pi(-) + p + p. This asymmetry is nonvanishing due to a PV gamma N Delta coupling constant, d(Delta)(+/-). We argue that an experimental determination of this coupling would be of interest for hadron dynamics, possibly shedding light on the S-wave/ P-wave puzzle in the hyperon nonleptonic decays and the violation of Hara's theorem in weak radiative hyperon decays.

Anapole moment and other constraints on the strangeness conserving Hadronic weak interaction.

Standard analyses of low-energy NN and nuclear parity-violating observables have been based on a pi-, rho-, and omega-exchange model capable of describing all five independent s-p partial waves. Here a parallel analysis is performed for the one-body, exchange-current, and nuclear polarization contributions to the anapole moments of 133Cs and 205Tl. The resulting constraints are not consistent, though there remains some degree of uncertainty in the nuclear structure analysis of the atomic moments.

Altering the physical properties of silicone elastomers for medical device applications.

In designing prototypes of medical devices and molds, it is sometimes necessary to modify the working consistency of the unvulcanized elastomer or the softness of the vulcanized elastomer. This article presents data demonstrating the use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fluids to alter the handling or the final physical properties of the elastomer.

[Disabling senile osteoporosis]. / Invalidisierende senile Osteoporose.

Fractures of the proximal femur are the most dangerous complications of type-II-osteoporosis with a high rate of disability and mortality. In contrast to type-I-osteoporosis, men are affected rather frequently (ratio 1:3). We report on a 79-year old man who was completely in need of care after bilateral fractures of the humerus after having survived a previous pertrochanteric fracture of the left femur. Diagnostic procedures revealed that in this case an intestinal malabsorption has to be taken into consideration as a pathogenetic factor of this severe osteopathy. Bone biopsy confirmed a combination of osteoporosis and osteomalacia. Partial gastrectomy, which had been performed 10 years before, was obviously the reason for malabsorption having caused furthermore pernicious anemia, severe malnutrition and exsiccosis.