Isolation and whole-genome sequence analysis of Balagodu virus in Japan.

Whole-genome sequencing of a virus isolated from Culicoides biting midges in southern Japan in 2020 revealed that it is a strain of Balagodu virus (BLGV; genus Orthobunyavirus; family Peribunyaviridae; order Bunyavirales). A solitary instance of BLGV isolation occurred in India in 1963. All assembled segments comprise complete protein-coding sequences that are similar to those of other orthobunyaviruses. The consensus 3'- and 5'-terminal sequences of orthobunyaviruses' genomic RNAs are also conserved in the Japanese BLGV strain. Here, we update the geographic distribution of BLGV and provide its complete sequence, contributing to the clarification of orthobunyavirus phylogeny.