[Characteristics of growth and carbohydrate metabolism in children during their feeding not adapted dairy products].

UNLABELLED: The investigation of infant feeding practice was made in 436 random sampled infants in Nizhny Novgorod. The first stage of investigation was made in 1999-2002--nutrition survey investigation; the second stage was from 2005 to 2008--79 children from the same cohort were investigated repeatedly at the age of 4-9 years old and were divided into two groups according to the type of feeding within the first year of life. The first one comprised 43 children who were artificially fed with cow's milk and the second group included 36 children who were breastfed. The goal of investigation was to evaluate long-term consequences of whole cow's milk feeding: weight, height and BMI, O-GTT. Methods included evaluation of growth, weight and insulin sensitivity index and statistical analysis. RESULTS: the growth was faster in the first group starting from 6 months and prolonged up to 9 years. The weight of the children of the first group was bigger from the.5th month and up to 9 years. BMI was higher in the first group starting from the 6 month and the difference became more significant by the age of 9 years, serum insulin was higher in overweight children too, particularly in 2 hours insulin. Calculated index HOMA-IR was elevated in the group of overweight children, but ISI had no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: values of BMI and carbohydrate metabolism had correlations demonstrating a strong relationship between the parameters. Children with higher BMI and was insulin resistant.

Clinical application of the polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids usage in pediatric practice.

The investigation of the effectiveness of a diet supplemented with n-3 PUFA in children with glomerulonephritis was done. Patients receiving "Polyen" achieved better clinical remission, more rapid decrease of hypercholesterolemia, and hypercoagulation than the patients from the control group. We can recommend "Polyen" usage in the treatment of glomerulonephritis in children.

[Use of the fish oil "Polyen" in pediatric practice]. / Opyt primeneniia ryb'ego zhira "polien" v pediatricheskoi praktike.

The effects of supplementation of basic diets with 'Polyen' in daily doses of 2.5-4.0 g during 30-40 days together with antioxidants were studied in patients with kidney diseases (diet No7, n = 14), different allergies (hypoallergenic diet, n = 37) and in control children (n = 12). It was shown positive dynamics in fatty acid contents in plasma and red blood cell membranes, in humoral and cell immunity indicators and in improving of clinical symptoms of diseases. 'Polyen' is recommended for wide use in pediatric practice.

[The characteristics of amino acid metabolism in premature infants on different types of feeding]. / Osobennosti aminokislotnogo obmena u nedonoshennykh detei pri razlichnykh vidakh vskarmlivaniia.

Analysis of the free amino acids (AA) in a blood plasma of premature infants receiving kinds of baby food has allowed to reveal a feature of AA metabolism. A significant increasing of sum of the free AA and stable contents of aromatic AA have been found in blood of premature infants fed Prepiltti [correction of 'Prepilti'] that testified to adequacy of protein in Prepiltti [correction of 'Prepiltu'] to requirements of premature infants. Also it has been established different changes of concentration methionine and cystine in this group of the babies that confirms a hypothesis about immature of liver enzymes catabolizing a methionine.

[Standards of hourly excretion of B group vitamins with urine for children aged 9 to 13 years]. / Normy chasovoi ékskretsii s mochoi vitaminov gruppy V dlia detei 9-13 let.

Values of hour excretion of vitamins B1, B2, B6 and PP with urine in children of 9-13 years, studied under conditions of normal consumption of these vitamins, were estimated considering the correlation between the vitamins B concentration in blood and excretion of their metabolites with urine as well as using these parameters dependence on content of the vitamins in daily ration; for this purpose 35 adult persons and 31 children of both sexes were examined. Normal rate of riboflavin excretion with urine constituted 10-11 micrograms/h in children of this age, while of thiamine-11-12 micrograms/h. Under conditions of normal thiamine consumption, activity of erythrocyte transketolase, measured after preinactivation of transaldolase, exceeded 35 mumol/h/I ml of erythrocytes. Rates of excretion with urine of 4-pyridoxic acid and I-methyl nicotinamide were similar both in children and in adult persons and were equal to more than 40 micrograms/h and 400-600 micrograms/h, respectively.