DNA insecticides: Data on the trial in the field.

This data article is related to the research articles entitled "The RING for gypsy moth control: topical application of fragment of its nuclear polyhedrosis virus anti-apoptosis gene as insecticide" (Oberemok et al., 2016), "Molecular alliance of Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus and a short unmodified antisense oligonucleotide of its anti-apoptotic IAP-3 gene: a novel approach for gypsy moth control" (Oberemok et al., 2017), and "Topical treatment of LdMNPV-infected gypsy moth caterpillars with 18 nucleotides long antisense fragment from LdMNPV IAP-3 gene triggers higher levels of apoptosis in infected cells and mortality of the pest" (Oberemok et al., 2017). This data article reports on the significant decrease of survival of L. dispar larvae after contact application of 18 nucleotides long antisense oligoRING fragment in the field experiment and supports perspective of use of DNA insecticides in forests.

[Analysis of the efficacy and safety of electric toothbrushes Oral-B with oscillating-rotating technology in «Healthy smile¼ program].

The aim of study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of individual oral hygiene in adult patients by regular use of electric toothbrushes with the oscillating-rotating technology basing on data obtained during the implementation of «Healthy Smile¼ program. Questionnaires of 7022 dentists in Russia and Ukraine were used to assess personal experience of using Oral-B PC 5000 toothbrush. The dental status dynamics after regular use of Oral-B PC 500 tooth brush was evaluatedin 21 088 patients within 12 weeks. It was found out that the use of electric toothbrushes with the oscillating-rotating technology for individual oral hygiene provided a significant improvement of oral hygiene in 93.5±0.17%, reducing plaque in 92.5±0.18% of patients, improving gingival condition in 87.1±0.23% of participants of the Program. The effectiveness of the implemented algorithm of clinical testing and practical application of innovative, high-tech personal oral hygiene tools is proved.

Differential gene expression in HIV/SIV-associated and spontaneous lymphomas.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is more prevalent and more often fatal in HIV-infected patients and SIV-infected monkeys compared to immune-competent individuals. Molecular, biological, and immunological data indicate that virus-associated lymphomagenesis is similar in both infected hosts. To find genes specifically overexpressed in HIV/SIV-associated and non-HIV/SIV-associated DLBCL we compared gene expression profiles of HIV/SIV-related and non-HIV-related lymphomas using subtractive hybridization and Northern blot analysis. Our experimental approach allowed us to detect two genes (a-myb and pub) upregulated solely in HIV/SIV-associated DLBCLs potentially involved in virus-specific lymphomagenesis in human and monkey. Downregulation of the pub gene was observed in all non-HIV-associated lymphomas investigated. In addition, we have found genes upregulated in both non-HIV- and HIV-associated lymphomas. Among those were genes both with known (set, ND4, SMG-1) and unknown functions. In summary, we have demonstrated that simultaneous transcriptional upregulation of at least two genes (a-myb and pub) was specific for AIDS-associated lymphomas.

[Analysis of the formation and autonomous replication of an extrachromosomal mouse transgene]. / Analis protsessov formirovaniia i avtonomnoi replikatsii ékstrakhromosomnogo transgena myshei.

A stable autonomously replicating shuttle transgene, pr8a was, previously isolated from Bombix mori and characterized. Autonomous replication of pr8a and its derivatives was observed in yeast cells, B. mori embryos, and transgenic mice. To continue the previous studies, transgenic mice of several generations were examined. DNA analysis revealed a course of pr8a rearrangements resulting in extrachromosomal transgene p8-2 of F2 transgenic mice. Consecutive directional elimination of vector DNA fragments was characteristic of rearrangements affecting autonomous transgenes in mouse cells. Analysis of the data obtained with transgenic mice and other organisms made it possible to identify the pr8a fragment that acts as minimal ARS in transformed yeast cells and transgenic mice. Another pr8a region was assumed to be a component of a pr8a ARS module involved in regulating autonomous replication. Inserted in two different integrative vectors, minimal ARS ensured their autonomous state in transformed yeast cells and transgenic mice. Transgenes pr8a and p8-2, along with some other well-known constructs, were considered as prototype autonomously replicating vectors suitable for studying the mechanism of autonomous replication and solving some problems of gene therapy.

[Analysis of expression of a series of lymphoma-specific genes in human fibroblasts immortalized by SV40 virus]. / Analiz ékspressii riada limfomospetsificheskikh genov v immortalizovannykh virusom SV40 fibroblastakh chelovaka.

Subtraction hybridization was earlier used to obtain cDNA clones corresponding to human genes upregulated in HIV-associated centroblast lymphoma (CL) as compared with HIV-associated immunoblast lymphoma (IL). With inverse subtraction hybridization, clones were isolated that correspond to genes upregulated in IL compared with CL. In addition to cDNAs characterized earlier, the resulting clones contained several (seven CL-specific and three IL-specific) sequences with unknown functions. To identify the lymphoma-specific genes that are overexpressed in early carcinogenesis, Northern blotting was used to assess the level of gene transcription in two human fibroblast lines and in their derivatives immortalized with either a temperature-sensitive mutant of SV-40 or with pSV3neo carrying the SV-40 A gene, considering the latter as a model of early cell malignant transformation. Increased expression in at least one immortalized line compared with normal fibroblasts was observed for set, a-myb, ND1, ND2, ND4 (NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1, 2, and 4), COX2, COX3 (cytochrome-c-oxidase subunits 2 and 3), KIAA0129, and the gene corresponding to cDNA hss2-1-7-10. High expression of these genes was assumed to be associated not only with lymphomogenesis, but also with early transformation (immortalization) of other, nonlymphoid cells. Expression of the calpain gene and the gene corresponding to cDNA hss2-2-9-5 proved to be lower in immortalized than in normal fibroblasts. This was considered indicative of an alternative mechanism of fibroblast transformation or of different processes regulating the expression of these genes in early and late carcinogenesis.

[Viral promoter-enhancer element inhibits replication of autonomously replicating plasmid in mammalian cells]. / Virusnyi promotorno-énkhansernyi élement ingibiruet replikatsiiu avtonomno replitsiruiushchikhsia plazmid v kletkakh mlekopitaiushchikh.

To study the autonomous replication of constructs combining replication and transcription elements, hybrid plasmids were designed to contain both higher eukaryotic ori/ARS and the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter-enhancer. In pCI.ARS-neo, ARS was from autonomously replicating stable transgene pr8a of silkworm Bombyx mori. In pCI.ori-neo, chromosomal ori was from the human c-myc locus. Analysis of the maintenance of pCI.ARS-neo and pCI.ori-neo in transgenic mice and in cultured immortalized human T cells revealed the interplay of transcription and replication, as the CMV element suppressed autonomous replication of both plasmids. This might reflect the conflict between transcription and replication of the genome in higher eukaryotic cells.

[Identification of genes induced to chondrocytes by nitric oxide]. / Poisk i identifikatsiia genov, indutsiruemykh v khondrotsitakh pod deistviem okisi azota.

Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a short-lived paracrine factor and selectively activates transcription of certain genes. The spectrum of inducible genes was studied in primary chondrocytes. A cDNA library was obtained by subtraction hybridization with RNAs isolated from rabbit chondrocytes before and after treatment with nitrosoglutathione, an NO-generating agent. Some of the cloned cDNAs were homologous to known mammalian genes and human EST. NO-dependent transcriptional activation was demonstrated for the stromelysin 1 and cyclooxygenase 2 genes and, for the first time, for mcl1 coding for an apoptosis suppressor.

[Amplification of transcription of separate mitochondrial genes in human and monkey B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]. / Usilenie transkriptsii otdel'nykh mitokhondrial'nykh genov v B-kletochnykh nekhodzhkinskikh limfomakh cheloveka i obez'iany.

Mitochondrial genes that are overexpressed in human and monkey B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) were sought via subtraction hybridization, cloning, and differential screening of the resulting cDNA libraries. The cDNAs of mitochondrial genes made an appreciable proportion of all lymphoma-specific cDNAs. Lymphomogenesis was associated with overexpression of a mitochondrial gene set which varied with lymphoma type and always included NADHIV. A possible association between overexpression of certain mitochondrial genes and cell malignant transformation is discussed.

[Comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis]. / Kompleksnyi podkhod k diagnostike i lecheniiu khronicheskogo generalizovannogo parodontita.

The article presents the new investigation technique of parodontium examination and treatment. The trials proved the high efficacy of low molecular polyvinylpyrrolidone, antioxidantes, antihypoxants, application sorbites, low-temperature plasma flow argon and surgical interventions.

[Comparative analysis of the level of gene transcription in two types of HIV-associated lymphoma]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz urovnei transkriptsii genov v dvukh tipakh VICh-assotsiirovannykh limfom.

In order to characterize the molecular mechanisms of lymphoma formation in HIV-infected humans, a method of two-staged substractive cloning was used, which adequately detects genes whose expression is increased in cells of one lymphoma in comparison with another. Using this method, we determined the spectrum of genes whose expression was increased in centroblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in comparison with immunoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Several gene groups were distinguished in this spectrum; their probable involvement in lymphogenesis is discussed.

[ARS-activity of a DNA fragment from Bombyx mori in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells]. / ARS-aktivnost' fragmenta DNK Bombyx mor v kletkakh drozhzhei Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

A previously cloned autonomous transgene (pr8a) of silkworm Bombyx mori inherited without changes in the structure was used to clarify the activity of its ARS in yeast cells. ARS of pr8a was also shown to maintain autonomous replication of hybrid plasmids in yeast cells. The same was true for its central 2.4-kb fragment devoid of flanking sequences.

Differential gene expression in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of SIV-infected monkey.

Infection with SIVmac251 in some rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) leads to B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL) clinically similar to that of HIV-infected AIDS patients. To further characterize the SIV-associated B-NHL we have generated genetic profiles of malignant cells by subtractive hybridization and Northern blot analysis. We have analyzed 21 clones of a subtracted cDNA library corresponding to overexpressed genes in diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL) SIV-associated monkey lymphoma. Eight of these clones represent a sequence homologous to an abundant transcript from KG-1 cells originally established from a human myelogenous leukemia. The protein encoded has a 60% similarity to a hypothetical glycine-rich transmembrane signal protein of Caenorhabditis elegans and 25% similarity to the ret finger protein. The other cDNA clones contained sequences of the serum amyloid A gene (SAA), the alpha1-acid glycoprotein gene (AGP), the ribosomal protein S3a (RPS3a) and L8 (RPL8) genes, the interferon-inducible gene (INF-ind), the metastasin gene (mts1), and the NADH dehydrogenase I gene (ND-I). The remaining cDNA clones consisted of yet unknown sequences. In addition, we detected an up-regulation of the cytochrome c oxidase II gene (COX-II), the ND-IV gene, and the SET oncogene by Northern blot hybridization in three SIV-associated NHLs of different histomorphological classification. All these genes have not previously been found to be overexpressed in B-NHL.

[The cytological indices and electrokinetic mobility of the cell nuclei of the buccal epithelium in assessing periodontal status]. / Tsitologicheskie pokazateli i élektrokineticheskaia podvizhnost' iader kletok bukkal'nogo épiteliia v otsenke sostoianiia parodonta.

Study of electrokinetic mobility of buccal epitheliocyte nuclei, nonspecific resistance of buccal mucosa cells, and cytograms of patients with periodontitis of different severity revealed a clear-cut correlation between these parameters and severity of clinical picture of periodontal inflammation. Morphological and cytological studies of buccal epithelial cells are proposed to be used for assessing the severity of periodontal inflammation and the efficacy of therapy.

[An experimental model of benzodiazepine intoxication]. / Eksperimental'naia model' otravleniia benzodiazepinami.

It has been demonstrated in rat experiments that intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg phenazepam immobilizes the animals for one hour, causes long-term diminution of the muscular tonus and disturbed coordination of movements, tachycardia, hypotension, hyperthermia, depression of orientation and exploration motor activity, and disturbance of conditioned reflexes of active and passive avoidance. It is concluded that the changes in the above-indicated parameters of autonomic and behavioral status of rats under the effect of a 100 mg/kg dose of phenazepam are clearly expressed for a long period of time, are specific to the effect of benzodiazepines and may therefore serve as a model of severe BD intoxication for evaluating the efficacy of their antidotes. This has been confirmed in experiments with the well-known BD antagonist phlumazelin.

[Change in the state of liver lysosomes and lymphocytes during development of secondary immunodeficiency and in chronic toxic hepatitis]. / Izmenenie sostoianiia lizosom pecheni i limfotsitov v dinamike razvitiia vtorichnogo immunodefitsita i pri khornicheskom toksicheskom gepatite.

Activity of acid hydrolases, acid phosphatase, cathepsin D, DNA- and RNAases in lysosomal fractions of liver tissue and peripheric blood lymphocytes as well as concentration of circulating immune complexes in blood serum were studied in thymectomized rats and in thymectomized rats with chronic heliotrinic hepatitis; thymosin and alimentary factors were used for treatment and correction of the impairments observed. The rate of thymus hormones deficiency was found to be responsible for impairments of functional activity of lysosomes in lymphocytes and liver tissue. Activation of the lysosomal enzymes studied was detected within early periods (40 days) after thymectomy, while a decrease in the enzymatic activity was observed within later periods and to the end of the experiment (190 and 370 days). Besides, concentration of circulating immune complexes was increased in liver tissue and the most distinct increase occurred within 370 days after thymectomy. Activity of lysosomal enzymes in liver tissue and lymphocytes and content of circulating immune complexes in blood were normalized in thymectomized animals after treatment with thymosin and alimentary factors.

Preferential extrachromosomal localization of exogenous DNA in transgenic silkworm Bombyx mori L.

Transgenic silkworms (Bombyx mori L.) were obtained by microinjection of plasmid pPrC-LTR1.5, which carris 1.5 DNA copies of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) long terminal repeats (LTRs) inserted in the vector pBR322. The transgene was transmitted over the three generations obtained up to now. Most of the exogenous DNA failed to integrate into the genome and persisted as an extrachromosomal element that is subject to rearrangements. Plasmids carrying only part of the input DNA together with fragments of silkworm DNA were rescued from the transgenic animals. One of the rescued plasmids contained a sequence which belongs to a family of evolutionarily conserved repeated sequences.