Analysis of myocardial T1, T2, and T2* values by age, sex, and cardiac segments in normal population: a prospective study.

This study examines myocardial T1, T2, and T2* values in a sizable cohort of healthy volunteers, analyzing variations by age, sex, and cardiac segments. It offers a novel approach to defining normal parametric mapping boundaries and represents the first comprehensive study of its kind in Turkey. Our prospective study was conducted between August 2021 and August 2022. Healthy volunteers aged 20-80 were grouped, with at least eight females and eight males per decade. Cardiac MRI examination measured T1 and T2 times in 16 left ventricle segments using parametric mapping techniques on a 1.5 Tesla MRI device. T2* mapping was also performed on the mid-section interventricular septum. The data analysis considered the impact of age, sex, and segments. One hundred eighteen cases were included in the study. Female volunteers observed significantly higher T1, T2, and T2* values than male volunteers. For the T2* and T1 times, significantly lower values were detected in women over 50 than those under 50. It was observed that the Midventricular approach (middle section) gave closer results than the Midventricular Septal approach (septal region of middle section) in predicting Global times. We present the normal reference ranges for cardiac T1, T2, and T2* times in a large cohort of healthy volunteers with homogeneous sex and age distribution. Sex was the most influential factor in our study. Therefore, we suggest using separate reference values for males, and females above and below 50 years old, instead of the standard reference intervals that do not account for specified sex in current guidelines.

Comparison of Classification Success Rates of Different Machine Learning Algorithms in the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To identify which Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are the most successful in predicting and diagnosing breast cancer according to accuracy rates. METHODS: The "College of Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset", which consists of 569 data and 30 features, was classified using Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), XgBoost (XGB), Ada-Boost (ABC) and Gradient Boosting (GBC) ML algorithms. Before the classification process, the dataset was preprocessed. Sensitivity, accuracy, and definiteness metrics were used to measure the success of the methods. RESULT: Compared to other ML algorithms used in the study, the GBC ML algorithm was found to be the most successful method in the classification of tumors with an accuracy of 99.12%. The XGB ML algorithm was found to be the lowest method with an accuracy rate of 88.10%. In addition, it was determined that the general accuracy rates of the 11 ML algorithms used in the study varied between 88-95%. CONCLUSION: When the results obtained from the ML classifiers used in the study are evaluated, the efficiency of the GBC algorithm in the classification of tumors is obvious. It can be said that the success rates obtained from 11 different ML algorithms used in the study are valuable in terms of being used to predict different cancer types.

Effects of different fresh gas flows and different anesthetics on airway temperature and humidity in surgical patients: a prospective observational study.

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of different fresh gas (oxygen + air) flow rates and different anesthetics on airway temperature and humidity when using the same anesthesia machine in patients undergoing general anesthesia. In this prospective, observational study, 240 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II between the age of 18-65 years to be operated under general anesthesia were enrolled and divided into two groups according to the fresh gas flow rate (3-6 L/min). Each of the two main groups was further divided into three subgroups according to the administered anesthetic gases and drugs. The resulting six groups were further divided into two subgroups according to whether the heat and humidity exchanger filter (HME) was attached to the breathing circuit, and the study was carried out on a total of 12 groups. The temperature and humidity of the inspired air were recorded every 10 minutes using an electronic thermo-hygrometer. The inspired temperature and humidity were greater in patients ventilated at 3 L/min compared to the 6 L/min group and in HME (+) patients compared to HME (-), regardless of the type of anesthetics. HME application makes the air more physiological for the respiratory tract by increasing the temperature and humidity of the air regardless of the anesthetic agent. This study was approved by Ethics Committee Review of Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine (No. 2017/261) in September 2017, and was registered in the Clinical Trial Registry (identifier No. NCT04204746) on December 19, 2019.

Comparison of the intubation success rate between the intubating catheter and videolaryngoscope in difficult airways: a prospective randomized trial.

BACKGROUND: Several devices and algorithms have already been examined and compared for difficult airway management. However, there is no existing study comparing the success of the Intubating Catheter (IC) and the Videolaryngoscope (VL) in patients who are difficult to intubate. We aimed to compare Frova IC and McGrath VL in terms of intubation success rates in patients with difficult intubation. METHODS: This prospective, randomized study was performed in an university hospital. Patients who underwent an operation under general anesthesia and whom airway management process was deemed difficult were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups by envelopes containing a number: the intubating catheter group (Group IC), intubated using the Frova IC, and the videolaryngoscope group (Group VL), intubated using the McGrath VL. Study data were collected by a technician who was blind to the study groups and the type of device used in the intubation procedure. RESULTS: A total of 49 patients with difficult airway were included in the study, including 25 patients in the Frova IC Group and 24 patients in the McGrath VL Group. The rate of successful intubation was determined to be 88% in Group IC and 66% in Group VL (p = 0.074). The mean duration of intubation attempt in Group VL was 44.62 seconds, whereas in Group IC, it was 51.12 seconds (p = 0.593). Group VL was found to have a significantly lower Cormack-Lehane grade compared to Group IC (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Frova IC is a candidate to be an indispensable instrument in terms of cost-effectiveness in clinics such as anesthesia and emergency medicine, where difficult intubation cases are frequently encountered. However, the combination of Frova IC and McGrath VL seems to be more successful in difficult intubation situations, so future studies should focus on using these two devices together.

Contact sensitivity to textile dyes in patients with pigmented purpuric dermatosis.

Purpose: The aetiology of pigmented purpuric dermatoses is unclear. Recent studies speculate about contact sensitivity to play a role in the aetiology of the disease. In most patients, the lesions begin and stay limited on the lower extremities as textile products are in tight contact with the skin. Also, textile dyes can cause contact dermatitis of purpuric type. This study was conducted in order to understand whether the contact sensitivity plays a critical role in the aetiology of pigmented purpuric dermatoses. Materials and methods: Patients with diagnosis of pigmented purpuric dermatoses were included in the study. Patch tests were applied at the back of all patients with textile series (Chemotechnique Diagnostics TF-1000) which have 33 allergens containing textile dyes, material and protectors by IQ Ultra Chamber. Test sites were evaluated at 48, 72, 96. h and on the 7th day according to the criteria of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group. The evaluation results were recorded in patient files and the results were statistically compared. Results: Eighteen males (60%) and 12 females (40%), a total of 30 patients were included in the study. Schamberg disease in 23 patients (76.7%), lichen aureus in 5 patients (16.7%) and Majocchi disease in 2 patients (6.7%) were described out of total 30 patients. No contact sensitivity was detected in any of the patients. Conclusion: Contact sensitivity to textile dyes was not found as an etiologic factor in our study group.