RESUMO
Sete espécies de Digenea de Pimelodus maculatus provenientes do rio São Francisco, Três Marias, MG, e do rio Paraná, Porto Rico, PR, são apresentadas. Plehniella coelomica, e Crepidostomum platense foram as mais prevalentes e apresentaram abundância média mais elevada nos dois sistemas hídricos. Uma abordagem ecológica envolvendo a ocorrência destes parasitos e a dieta de P. maculatus dos dois sistemas hídricos é fornecida, com ampliação da distribuição geográfica conhecida da maioria das espécies de Digenea encontrada para o rio São Francisco. A hipótese de vicariância das populações de P. maculatus dessas duas bacias hidrográficas é reforçada através da fauna de Digenea apresentada.
Assuntos
Animais , Peixes-Gato , Trematódeos , Água Doce/parasitologia , Bacias , Brasil , Larva , PrevalênciaRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a particular genotype of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene would affect the clinical features of migraine. In a group of 118 migraineurs (55 migraine with aura and 63 migraine without aura patients), we tested the association of the biallelic C/T NcoI DRD2 polymorphism with several characteristics of the disease. Genotype and allele frequencies resulted similarly distributed in migraine with aura and migraine without aura patients (chi2 = 1.58, P = 0.45 and chi2 = 0.09, P = 0.77, respectively). The different DRD2 genotypes (C/C, C/T and T/T) had no significant effects on age at onset of migraine, presence of premonitory phenomena, frequency of headache attacks, associated symptoms, psychological features and quality of life of our migraine patients. The results of our study do not support a role for the DRD2 gene in modifying the clinical features of migraine.
Assuntos
Transtornos de Enxaqueca/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Receptores de Dopamina D2/genética , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/fisiopatologia , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/psicologiaRESUMO
Isochromosome 17q (i[17q]) is the most frequent chromosomal abnormality in medulloblastoma, occurring in 30-60% of cases by karyotype analysis. In the present study i[17q] was demonstrated in routinely processed tissue sections of 20 medulloblastomas by in situ hybridization (ISH), using a chromosome 17 centromeric alpha satellite DNA probe. All medulloblastomas showed the i[17q] specific signal, i.e. two hybridization spots slightly apart from each other. The specific hybridization signal was not observed in ependymomas, cerebellar astrocytomas, haemangioblastomas, supratentorial neuroblastomas and ependymoblastomas. The constant finding of i[17q] in medulloblastoma depends on the much higher number of nuclei which can be analysed by ISH compared with cytogenetic techniques. Molecular data on medulloblastoma are consistent with the present results. The number of cells with i[17q] in medulloblastoma cases ranged from 3% to 9%; these figures are underestimated because of nuclear truncation in tissue sections. The percentage was not linked to patients' age, location of tumour, MIB-1 labelling index and histological type (classical vs desmoplastic). The present results indicate that i[17q] is a key event in the pathogenesis of medulloblastoma, and suggest a genetic difference between medulloblastoma and other primitive neuroectodermal tumours.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Cerebelares/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 17 , Isocromossomos , Meduloblastoma/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cromossomos Humanos Par 17/genética , Citogenética/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização In Situ , Interfase , Isocromossomos/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The reliability of radiographical information may be improved by a) standardised radiography (exposure-development); b) transformation of the original image into a densitometric image and equalization with a reference wedge made of Ergal. The linear absorption coefficient of Ergal in terms of photon X energy is almost identical to the average coefficient of the bone mineral matrix; c) processing the densitometric image for additional information. An automatic image analyser controlled by a computer is used. The first osteological results showing the correspondence between the densitometric measurements provided by the analyser and the actual bone mineral content revealed by chemical analysis are presented.
