A within-person examination of the effect of mentors' daily ostracism on protégés' displaced aggression and in-role performance.

Purpose: Drawing on social information processing theory and social comparison theory, we test how mentors' daily ostracism triggers protégés' envy, thus leading to decreased in-role performance and increased displaced aggression. Design/methodology/approach: Using an experience sampling study across three work weeks, the study provided theoretical and empirical examinations of dynamic, within-person processes related to mentors' ostracism. Findings: Mentors' daily ostracism triggers protégés' envy, which mediates the effect of mentors' daily ostracism on protégés' displaced aggression and in-role performance. Our findings supported our hypothesis of the buffering effect of mentorship quality on the negative effect of mentors' ostracism on protégés' envy but did not show a significant moderating effect on the mediating effect of protégés' emotions between mentors' daily ostracism and protégés' behaviors. Research limitations/implications: Our study focused on the victims of mentors' ostracism on a daily basis. We constructed an overarching theoretical model to investigate how, why, and when mentors' daily ostracism leads to protégés' emotional and behavioral variability. Practical implications: The study provided how to cope with ostracism and envy. Originality/value: We discuss the theoretical implications of our findings for research on mentors' ostracism, protégés' emotions, and protégés' behaviors.

Insights of Chinese herbal medicine for mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced cognitive impairment: Existed evidences and potential directions.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is one of the main pathophysiological markers of cognitive impairment in central nervous system diseases. Mitochondria are cores of energy generation and information process. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the key upstream factors of CCH induced neurovascular pathology. Increasing studies explored the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and self-repair for effective targets to improve CCH-related cognitive impairment. The clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of CCH induced cognitive impairment is definite. Existed evidences from pharmacological studies have further proved that, Chinese herbal medicine could improve mitochondrial dysfunction and neurovascular pathology after CCH by preventing calcium overload, reducing oxidative stress damage, enhancing antioxidant capacity, inhibiting mitochondria-related apoptosis pathway, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and preventing excessive activation of mitophagy. Besides, CCH mediated mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the fundamental causes for neurodegeneration pathology aggravation. Chinese herbal medicine also has great potential therapeutic value in combating neurodegenerative diseases by targeting mitochondrial dysfunction.

Reversal in optical nonlinearities of Bi2Se3 nanosheets dispersion influenced by resonance absorption.

The nonlinear optical properties of Bi2Se3 nanosheets of different diameters were studied using the femtosecond Z-scan technique. As the excitation wavelength increased from that for resonant absorption to non-resonant absorption, the nonlinear absorption of the smaller nanosheets with diameter of 30 or 80 nm changed from saturation to reverse saturation and the corresponding relaxation times decreased, unlike for larger nanosheets with diameter of 2000nm. The more sensitive nonlinear refractive index changed from positive to negative for all the nanosheets, when the excitation wavelengths were near-resonance absorption wavelengths. A simplified model similar to noble metal nanomaterials explains the observations suitably. The reversal in optical nonlinearities of Bi2Se3 nanosheets vastly enhances their properties.