Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Calcinose/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Linfáticas/induzido quimicamente , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Adulto , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Calcinose/diagnóstico , Reações Falso-Positivas , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Humanos , Doenças Linfáticas/diagnóstico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/normas , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Anestesia Intravenosa , Anestésicos Intravenosos , Medicina Militar , Tiopental , História do Século XX , Humanos , Japão , Estados Unidos , GuerraRESUMO
Intravenous ketamine anaesthesia has been used by the British army in the field for many years. A recognised problem has been the unpredictable recovery profile this produces. We anaesthetised 28 ASA 1 patients using a standard British military technique. At termination of the anaesthetic, half of the patients were given a physostigmine/glycopyrronium mixture and half were given the equivalent volume of saline 0.9%. There was a significant difference between the two groups with regard to recovery times (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference with regard to other variables. In trauma anaesthesia the improved recovery profile from the use of physostigmine following ketamine anaesthesia may lead to earlier evacuation of the patient.
Assuntos
Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Anestesia Intravenosa , Ketamina/antagonistas & inibidores , Medicina Militar , Fisostigmina/farmacologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Bench testing was carried out to establish whether the vapour output from an OMV50 vaporizer, as used in the Triservice apparatus, differs according to whether the carrier gas is either drawn or pushed through the vaporizer. Results show that the differences in output concentration between the two modes were clinically insignificant.
Assuntos
Anestesia por Inalação/instrumentação , Medicina Militar/instrumentação , Nebulizadores e Vaporizadores , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Halotano/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Respiração com Pressão Positiva , Volume de Ventilação PulmonarRESUMO
Three types of anaesthetic waste scavenging systems (active antipollution system, Papworth Block passive system and activated charcoal absorber system) were compared with a non-scavenging control to assess their effectiveness in reducing waste halothane concentrations in a chemical warfare-proof operating theatre. All three systems were found to reduce the level of pollution significantly.
Assuntos
Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/análise , Guerra Química , Depuradores de Gases/normas , Halotano/análise , Hospitais Militares/normas , Salas Cirúrgicas/normas , Anestesia por Inalação , Humanos , Reino UnidoRESUMO
A double-blind, parallel group study using flumazenil and placebo was carried out to determine whether patients who received flumazenil would awake more quickly and whether this drug would reverse the protection conferred by midazolam on the psychic sequelae of ketamine. Fifty female patients were studied. The results showed that there was a significant reduction in awakening time (p = 0.02) and a very significant increase (p = 0.001) in the incidence of dreams in the flumazenil group.
Assuntos
Anestesia Intravenosa , Flumazenil/farmacologia , Ketamina , Midazolam/antagonistas & inibidores , Adolescente , Adulto , Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Anestesia Intravenosa/efeitos adversos , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Flumazenil/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Ketamina/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologiaRESUMO
In recent years the British Army has used the Triservice Anaesthetic Apparatus in the field. Trichloroethylene is no longer manufactured in the United Kingdom and halothane is not recommended for closely repeated anaesthetics. A method based on existing equipment is described for patients breathing spontaneously. A background infusion of ketamine, midazolam and alfentanil supplements the inhalation of isoflurane in oxygen-enriched air.
Assuntos
Anestesia por Inalação/métodos , Anestesia Intravenosa , Isoflurano , Militares , Respiração , Adolescente , Adulto , Alfentanil/administração & dosagem , Anestesia por Inalação/instrumentação , Feminino , Halotano , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Ketamina/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Midazolam/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tricloroetileno , Reino UnidoRESUMO
The effects of temazepam 20 mg and placebo were compared for premedication in patients anaesthetized with propofol and alfentanil and undergoing day surgery. Temazepam 20 mg significantly reduced preoperative anxiety and increased recovery time. A series of computerized cognitive tasks revealed significant deficits in attention and memory following anaesthesia, which were increased in range and magnitude by temazepam, which were apparent 30 min after surgery and had largely, but not completely, recovered at 4 h. This study has demonstrated that computerized cognitive testing can identify a wider profile of impairments produced by temazepam than has been found in previous work using non-computerized techniques.
Assuntos
Anestesia Intravenosa , Ansiolíticos/farmacologia , Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicação Pré-Anestésica , Temazepam/farmacologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Alfentanil , Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Anestésicos/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Fentanila/administração & dosagem , Fentanila/análogos & derivados , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fenóis/administração & dosagem , PropofolRESUMO
Two techniques of total intravenous anaesthesia for laparoscopy were compared in 80 patients. Group 1 received alfentanil, propofol and vecuronium, and Group 2 alfentanil, midazolam, ketamine and vecuronium. Haemodynamic stability after induction and the pressor response to tracheal intubation were significantly different. There was no significant difference in recovery times between the two groups and little difference in other postoperative sequelae.
Assuntos
Anestesia Intravenosa , Laparoscopia , Adolescente , Adulto , Alfentanil , Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Anestésicos/farmacologia , Feminino , Fentanila/análogos & derivados , Fentanila/farmacologia , Hemodinâmica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Ketamina/farmacologia , Midazolam/farmacologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fenóis/farmacologia , PropofolRESUMO
Ketamine and midazolam were used for induction of anaesthesia and by continuous intravenous infusion for maintenance to assess their suitability for use in a total intravenous anaesthetic technique in the management of battle casualties. Muscular relaxation was provided by vecuronium and the patients' lungs ventilated with air. Ketamine was infused at a rate of 2 mg/kg/hour. This was achieved by mixing ketamine 200 mg, midazolam 5 mg and vecuronium 12 mg in 50 ml normal saline. The rate of infusion of the mixture (ml/hour) was then equal to 50% of the body weight in kg. The technique proved to be simple, effective and versatile and should be adaptable for use in the management of battle casualties.
