Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 117
Filtrar
1.
J Biomater Sci Polym Ed ; : 1-18, 2024 Sep 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39225011

RESUMO

This study utilized small molecular characterization and docking study to evaluate the binding affinity of seven antiviral phytocompounds with the SARS CoV-2 variants (SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein, SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Variant in 1-RBD, Alpha Variant SARS-CoV2- Spike Protein). The results revealed that five of seven compounds, possesses excellent drug lead property reveled through in-silico ADMET analysis. In addition, six of seven except D-Glucosamine, exhibited excellent binding affinity. Six ligands possess significant binding affinity towards SARS-CoV-2 variants 6VXX, 7LWV and 7R13, which is certainly greater than Remdesivir. Fagaronine found to be the best drug candidate against SARS-CoV-2 variants, It was found that -7.4, -5.6 and -6.3 is the docking score respectively. Aranotin, Beta aescin, Gliotoxin, and Fagaronine formed hydrogen bonds with specific amino acids and exhibited significant binding interactions. These findings suggest that these phytocompounds could be promising candidates for developing antiviral therapies against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of molecular docking in understanding protein-ligand interactions and its role in drug discovery. The documented pharmacological properties of these compounds in the literature further support their potential therapeutic relevance in various diseases.

2.
Med Dosim ; 2024 Aug 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39112117

RESUMO

Radiotherapy planning for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a complex process due to the proximity of critical structures. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) can improve the therapeutic ratio. However, multiple treatment delivery systems offer VMAT with varying technical specifications. This study compares the dosimetric plan quality of 2 systems, Clinac-iX and Halcyon in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We utilized contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) simulation and magnetic resonance (MR) image datasets from thirty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma to contour target volumes and organs at risk (OARs). Two medical physicists independently performed dosimetric planning for Clinac-iX and Halcyon machines, following standard international dosimetric constraints for OARs. We compared plan quality for dosimetric profiles, indices, and plan complexity parameters from both machines. Dosimetric coverage for target volumes and plan quality indices, such as homogeneity, conformity, and coverage, showed no significant differences between Clinac-iX and Halcyon. However, Halcyon demonstrated significantly better OAR sparing, particularly for the spinal cord, optic chiasm, lenses, eyeballs and lower brain volume integral dose (BVID) (p < 0.05). Complexity parameters showed that both systems used a similar number of arcs, but Halcyon had higher monitor units and lower treatment time per fraction owing to higher dose rate. Our study results favor Halcyon for better plan quality regarding critical organ sparing, low brain volume integral dose, and fast treatment delivery. This study can be used as a reference for selecting an optimal treatment delivery system for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in centres equipped with multiple linear accelerators.

3.
Anal Biochem ; 694: 115633, 2024 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39089363

RESUMO

The Peptide therapeutics market was evaluated to be around USD 45.67 BN in 2023 and is projected to witness massive growth at a CAGR of around 5.63 % from 2024 to 2032 (USD 80.4 BN). Generic peptides are expected to reach USD 27.1 billion by 2032 after the patent monopoly of the pioneer peptides expires, and generic peptides become accessible. The generic manufacturers are venturing into peptide-based therapeutics for the aforementioned reasons. There is an abundance of material accessible regarding the characterization of peptides, which can be quite confusing for researchers. The FDA believes that an ANDA applicant may now demonstrate that the active component in a proposed generic synthetic peptide drug product is the "same" as the active ingredient in a peptide of rDNA origin that has previously been approved. To ensure the efficacy, safety, and quality of peptide therapies during development, regulatory bodies demand comprehensive characterization utilizing several orthogonal methodologies. This article elaborates the peptide characterization by segmenting into different segments as per the critical quality attribute from identification of the peptide to the physicochemical property of the peptide therapeutics which will be required to demonstrate the sameness with reference product based on the size of the peptide chain and molecular weight of the peptides. Article insights briefly on each individual technique and the orthogonal techniques for each test were explained. The impurities requirements in the generic peptides as per the regulatory requirement were also discussed.


Assuntos
Medicamentos Genéricos , Peptídeos , Peptídeos/química , Peptídeos/análise , Medicamentos Genéricos/química , Humanos , Estados Unidos , United States Food and Drug Administration
5.
Arch Virol ; 169(7): 136, 2024 Jun 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38847927

RESUMO

Here, we report the first detection of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) in Indian glass fish in the Andaman Islands, India. Microscopic examination revealed the presence of whitish clusters of nodules on the fish's skin, fins, and eyes. The histopathology of the nodules revealed typical hypertrophied fibroblasts. Molecular characterization of the major capsid protein (MCP) gene of the virus showed a significant resemblance to known LCDV sequences from Korea and Iran, with 98.92% and 97.85% sequence identity, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the MCP gene sequence of the virus belonged to genotype V. This study represents the first documented case of LCDV in finfish from the Andaman Islands, emphasizing the necessity for continued monitoring and research on the health of aquatic species in this fragile ecosystem.


Assuntos
Proteínas do Capsídeo , Infecções por Vírus de DNA , Doenças dos Peixes , Iridoviridae , Filogenia , Animais , Doenças dos Peixes/virologia , Índia , Iridoviridae/genética , Iridoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Iridoviridae/classificação , Infecções por Vírus de DNA/virologia , Infecções por Vírus de DNA/veterinária , Proteínas do Capsídeo/genética , Peixes/virologia , Genótipo , Ilhas
6.
J Pharm Biomed Anal ; 243: 116094, 2024 Jun 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38479303

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) can provide direct and accurate sequence characterization of synthetic peptide drugs, and peptide drug products including side chain modifications in the Peptide drugs. This article explains a step-by-step guide to developing a high-throughput method using high resolution mass spectrometry for characterization of Calcitonin Salmon injection containing high proportion of UV-active excipients. METHODS: The major challenge in the method development of Amino acid sequencing and Peptide mapping was presence of phenol in drug product. Phenol is a UV-active excipient and reacts with both Dithiothreitol (DTT) and Trypsin. Hence Calcitonin Salmon was extracted from the Calcitonin Salmon injection using solid phase extraction after the extraction, Amino acid sequencing and peptide mapping study was performed. Upon incubation of Calcitonin Salmon with Trypsin and DTT, digested fragments were generated which were separated by mass compatible reverse phase chromatography and the molecular mass of each fragment was determined using HRMS. RESULTS: A reverse phase chromatographic method was developed using UHPLC-HRMS for the determination of direct mass, peptide mapping and to determine the amino acid sequencing in the Calcitonin Salmon injection. The method was found Specific and fragments after trypsin digest are well resolved from each other and the molecular mass of each fragment was determined using HRMS. Sequencing was performed using automated identification of b and y ions annotation and identifications based on MS/MS spectra using Biopharma finder and Proteome discoverer software. CONCLUSION: Using this approach 100% protein coverage was obtained and protein was identified as Calcitonin Salmon and the observed masses of tryptic digest of peptide was found similar with theoretical masses. The method can be used for both UV and MS based Peptide mapping and whereas the UV based peptide mapping method can be used as identification test for Calcitonin Salmon drug substance and drug product in quality control.


Assuntos
Calcitonina , Peptídeos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Mapeamento de Peptídeos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Tripsina/metabolismo , Análise de Sequência de Proteína , Proteoma , Fenóis
7.
Nat Prod Res ; 38(5): 848-855, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36987594

RESUMO

Cleome viscosa L., a member of the family Cleomaceae, is a potential medicinal plant, known for several bioactive properties such as: anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound healing, etc. Our study aimed to isolate a bioactive compound and assess its antibacterial activity. The crystal compound imperatorin was isolated and reported for the first time from the aerial parts of C. viscosa. The isolation was made using silica gel (100-200 mesh) column chromatography. The structure of imperatorin was investigated through single-crystal XRD, unit cell molecules, FTIR, and ESI-MS spectral analysis. The results validated imperatorin's triclinic crystal structure and P2i/c distance group. The electronic structure was also calculated (4.28/6.21 D) along with the frontier molecular orbital, dipole moment, atomic charges, and electrostatic map of particles in gaseous stage and active site. Imperatorin showed highest activity at 40 µg/mL concentration against Gram + ve bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (3 ± 0.2 mm), Bacillus subtilis (3 ± 0.6 mm), and Gram -ve bacteria: Klebsiella pneumoniae (3 ± 0.2 mm), Escherichia coli (5 ± 0.2 mm). The study highlights that the compound can be isolated in larger quantities as the plant is easily available across the tropics.


Assuntos
Cleome , Furocumarinas , Extratos Vegetais , Extratos Vegetais/química , Cleome/química , Antibacterianos/química , Componentes Aéreos da Planta , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
8.
RSC Adv ; 13(28): 19651-19660, 2023 Jun 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37397282

RESUMO

The untiring endeavour towards green energy is a trending research among the research community. Thermoelectric materials are of vital importance here owing to their emission-free operation. As a righteous candidate, calcium manganate materials are being explored to increase its figure of merit. In this study, the structural, microstructural, electrical transport, and high-temperature thermoelectric measurements of LaxDyxCa1-2xMnO3 {x = 0.025 (L25D25), 0.05 (L50D50), 0.075 (L75D75), and 0.1 (L100D100)} were systematically performed. The structural confirmation of the synthesised sample was validated using X-ray diffraction, which also revealed the orthorhombic (space group: Pnma) crystallisation of co-doped samples with no traces of secondary peaks. A significant increase in the unit cell volume was observed with rare earth substitutions. The morphological studies revealed that the prepared samples were highly dense and the grain size was reduced with rare earth concentration. The substitution of La and Dy enhanced the conductivity values of pristine CMO by two orders of magnitude due to the high concentration of charge carriers and the presence of Mn3+ ions due to rare earth doping. The conductivity increased with rare earth concentrations but diminished for x = 0.1 due to the localization of charges. The Seebeck coefficient values were negative for all the prepared samples, indicating electrons as the predominant carriers over the entire operating range. A minimum κ of 1.8 W m-1 K-1 was achieved for La0.1Dy0.1Ca0.8MnO3 and the maximum value zT obtained was 0.122 at 1070 K for La0.075Dy0.075Ca0.85MnO3.

9.
Future Med Chem ; 15(10): 867-883, 2023 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37254917

RESUMO

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) aids in developing novel bifunctional small-molecule degraders and eliminates proteins of interest. The TPD approach shows promising results in oncological, neurogenerative, cardiovascular and gynecological drug development. We provide an overview of technology advancements in TPD, including molecular glues, proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), lysosome-targeting chimeras, antibody-based PROTAC, GlueBody PROTAC, autophagy-targeting chimera, autophagosome-tethering compound, autophagy-targeting chimera and chaperone-mediated autophagy-based degraders. Here we discuss the development and evolution of the TPD field, the variety of proteins that PROTACs target and the biological repercussions of their degradation. We particularly highlight the recent improvements in TPD research that utilize autophagy or the endolysosomal pathway, which enables the targeting of undruggable targets.


Assuntos
Anticorpos , Autofagossomos , Proteólise , Autofagia , Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos , Quimera de Direcionamento de Proteólise , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligases
10.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 240: 124445, 2023 Jun 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37060982

RESUMO

Diabetes is a highly complex disease that has an adverse impact on the lives of individuals, and the current medicines used to manage diabetes have obvious side effects. Medicinal plants, on the other hand, may serve as an alternate source of anti-diabetic drugs. A polyherbal combination has a higher and more extensive therapeutic potential than a single herb. Yet, due to deterioration during the absorption process, the usage of this drug still yields inadequate results. Encapsulation of polyherbal drug with chitosan nanoparticles is one of the key ways to solve this problem due to its biocombatibilty, slow and targeted drug delivery characteristics. In the present study, the chitosan was derived from prawn shell and the chitosan nanoparticles had been prepared by ionic-gelation method. The anti-diabetic polyherbal drug (Andrographis paniculata, Andrographis alata, Adhatoda zeylanica, Gymnema sylvestre, Syzygium cumini, and Justicia glabra) was encapsulated with a bio-derived chitosan biopolymer. The drug loading efficiency was about 85 %. The chemical and physical properties of the chitosan and drug-loaded chitosan nanoparticles had been analyzed by FT-IR absorption, XRD, SEM, TEM and EDAX analysis. The antidiabetic efficiency, hepatoprotective activity and antihyperlipedimic activity of the chitosan nanoparticles, polyherbal drug and polyherbal drug encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles were assessed in a group of rats. The polyherbal drug reduced the serum glucose level from 306.4 mg/dL to 134.47 mg/dL, while the polyherbal drug encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles reduced to 127.017 mg/dL. This was very close to the serum glucose level of non-diabetic rat (124.65 mg/dL). Further, it considerably increased the insulin level close to that of non-diabetic rat. Thus, the polyherbal drug encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles showed superior efficiency in antidiabetic and also diabetic complications.


Assuntos
Quitosana , Diabetes Mellitus , Nanopartículas , Ratos , Animais , Quitosana/química , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Glucose , Nanopartículas/química , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Tamanho da Partícula
11.
J Coast Conserv ; 27(2): 11, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36915700

RESUMO

We interviewed the Nicobarese tribal community (N = 95) of Car Nicobar Island situated in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, India to analyze the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on their coastal fishing activities. Our surveys revealed a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in the average monthly income and fish catches during pre and post-COVID-19 scenarios. Constraints faced during the pandemic-related restrictions and the possible solutions to reinforce the fishing activities were highlighted for sustainable resource management in Car Nicobar Island.

12.
Biomed Res Int ; 2023: 1742891, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36865486

RESUMO

Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell growth and proliferation, which are both diagnostic indicators of the disease. When cancerous cells enter one organ, there is a risk that they may spread to adjacent tissues and eventually to other organs. Cancer of the cervix of the uterus often initially manifests itself in the uterine cervix, which is located at the very bottom of the uterus. Both the growth and death of cervical cells are characteristic features of this condition. False-negative results provide a significant moral dilemma since they may cause women to get an incorrect diagnosis of cancer, which in turn can result in the woman's premature death from the disease. False-positive results do not raise any significant ethical concerns; but they do require a patient to go through an expensive and time-consuming treatment process, and they also cause the patient to experience tension and anxiety that is not warranted. In order to detect cervical cancer in its earliest stages in women, a screening procedure known as a Pap test is often performed. This article describes a technique for improving images using Brightness Preserving Dynamic Fuzzy Histogram Equalization. To individual components and find the right area of interest, the fuzzy c-means approach is applied. The images are segmented using the fuzzy c-means method to find the right area of interest. The feature selection algorithm is the ACO algorithm. Following that, categorization is carried out utilizing the CNN, MLP, and ANN algorithms.


Assuntos
Aprendizado Profundo , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Útero , Algoritmos , Ansiedade
13.
Anim Biotechnol ; 34(2): 448-455, 2023 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34191685

RESUMO

Copy number variations (CNVs) are major forms of genetic variation with an increasing importance in animal genomics. This study used the Illumina BovineSNP 50 K BeadChip to detect the genome-wide CNVs in the Tharparkar cattle. With the aid of PennCNV software, we noticed a total of 447 copy number variation regions (CNVRs) across the autosomal genome, occupying nearly 2.17% of the bovine genome. The average size of detected CNVRs was found to be 122.2 kb, the smallest CNVR being 50.02 kb in size, to the largest being 1,232.87 Kb. Enrichment analyses of the genes in these CNVRs gave significant associations with molecular adaptation-related Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Most CNVR genes were significantly enriched for specific biological functions; signaling pathways, sensory responses to stimuli, and various cellular processes. In addition, QTL analysis of CNVRs described them to be linked with economically essential traits in cattle. The findings here provide crucial information for constructing a more comprehensive CNVR map for the indigenous cattle genome.


Assuntos
Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Bovinos , Animais , Genoma , Fenótipo , Aclimatação
14.
Anim Biotechnol ; 34(7): 3174-3186, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35468300

RESUMO

The central dogma of molecular biology is responsible for the crucial flow of genetic information from DNA to protein through the transcription and translation process. Although the sequence of DNA is constant in all organs, the difference in protein and variation in the phenotype is mainly due to the quality and quantity of tissue-specific gene expression and methylation pattern. The term methylation has been defined and redefined by various scientists in the last fifty years. There is always huge excitement around this field because the inheritance of something is beyond its DNA sequence. Advanced gene methylation studies have redefined molecular genetics and these tools are considered de novo in alleviating challenges of animal disease and production. Recent emerging evidence has shown that the impact of DNA, RNA, and protein methylation is crucial for embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and phenotype production. Currently, many researchers are focusing their work on methylation to understand its significant role in expression, disease-resistant traits, productivity, and longevity. The main aim of the present review is to provide an overview of DNA, RNA, and protein methylation, current research output from different sources, methodologies, factors responsible for methylation of genes, and future prospects in animal genetics.


Assuntos
Metilação de DNA , DNA , Animais , Metilação de DNA/genética , Fenótipo , Genótipo , DNA/genética , RNA/metabolismo
15.
Anim Biotechnol ; 34(6): 1979-1987, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35369840

RESUMO

The field of genetics has evolved a lot after the emergence of molecular and advanced genomic technologies. The advent of Next Generation Sequencing, SNP genotyping platforms and simultaneous reduction in the cost of sequencing had opened the door to genomic research in farm animals. There are various applications of genomics in livestock, such as the use of genomic data: (i) to investigate genetic diversity and breed composition/population structure (ii) to identify genetic variants and QTLs related to economically important and ecological traits, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic signatures of selection; (iii) to enhance breeding programs by genomic selection. Compared to traditional methods, genomic selection is expected to improve selection response by increasing selection accuracy and reducing the generation interval due to early selection. Genomic selection (GS) in developed countries has led to rapid genetic gains, especially in dairy cattle, due to a well-established genetic evaluation system. Indian livestock system is still lagging behind developed nations in adopting these technologies. This review discusses the current status, challenges, and future perspectives of livestock genomics in India.


Assuntos
Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Gado , Bovinos/genética , Animais , Gado/genética , Genômica/métodos , Fenótipo , Locos de Características Quantitativas/genética , Índia
16.
Anim Biotechnol ; : 1-12, 2022 Nov 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36384399

RESUMO

The detection of selection signatures assists in understanding domestication, evolution, and the identification of genomic regions related to adaptation and production traits in buffaloes. The emergence of high-throughput technologies like Next Generation Sequencing and SNP genotyping had expanded our ability to detect these signatures of selection. In this study, we sought to identify signatures of selection in five buffalo populations (Brazilian Murrah, Bulgarian Murrah, Indian Murrah, Nili-Ravi, and Kundi) using Axiom Buffalo 90 K Genotyping Array data. Using seven different methodologies (Tajima's D, CLR, ROH, iHS, FST, FLK and hapFLK), we identified selection signatures in 374 genomic regions, spanning a total of 381 genes and 350 quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Among these, several candidate genes were associated with QTLs for milk production, reproduction, growth and carcass traits. The genes and QTLs reported in this study provide insight into selection signals shaping the genome of buffalo breeds. Our findings can aid in further genomic association studies, genomic prediction, and the implementation of breeding programmes in Indian buffaloes.

17.
Gene ; 843: 146808, 2022 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35973570

RESUMO

Livestock plays a central role in sustaining human livelihood in South Asia. There are numerous and distinct livestock species in South Asian countries. Several of them have experienced genetic development in recent years due to the application of genomic technologies and effective breeding programs. This review discusses genomic studies on cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig, horse, camel, yak, mithun, and poultry. The frontiers covered in this review are genetic diversity, admixture studies, selection signature research, QTL discovery, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and genomic selection. The review concludes with recommendations for South Asian livestock systems to increasingly leverage genomic technologies, based on the lessons learned from the numerous case studies. This paper aims to present a comprehensive analysis of the dichotomy in the South Asian livestock sector and argues that a realistic approach to genomics in livestock can ensure long-term genetic advancements.


Assuntos
Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Gado , Animais , Ásia , Bovinos/genética , Genoma , Genômica , Cabras/genética , Cavalos/genética , Humanos , Gado/genética , Ovinos/genética , Suínos
18.
J Comput Biol ; 29(9): 943-960, 2022 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35639362

RESUMO

Natural selection has been given a lot of attention because it relates to the adaptation of populations to their environments, both biotic and abiotic. An allele is selected when it is favored by natural selection. Consequently, the favored allele increases in frequency in the population and neighboring linked variation diminishes, causing so-called selective sweeps. A high-throughput genomic sequence allows one to disentangle the evolutionary forces at play in populations. With the development of high-throughput genome sequencing technologies, it has become easier to detect these selective sweeps/selection signatures. Various methods can be used to detect selective sweeps, from simple implementations using summary statistics to complex statistical approaches. One of the important problems of these statistical models is the potential to provide inaccurate results when their assumptions are violated. The use of machine learning (ML) in population genetics has been introduced as an alternative method of detecting selection by treating the problem of detecting selection signatures as a classification problem. Since the availability of population genomics data is increasing, researchers may incorporate ML into these statistical models to infer signatures of selection with higher predictive accuracy and better resolution. This article describes how ML can be used to aid in detecting and studying natural selection patterns using population genomic data.


Assuntos
Metagenômica , Seleção Genética , Genética Populacional , Genômica/métodos , Aprendizado de Máquina
19.
Gene ; 823: 146387, 2022 May 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35248659

RESUMO

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quickly swept over the world, becoming one of the most devastating outbreaks in human history. Being the first pandemic in the post-genomic era, advancements in genomics contributed significantly to scientific understanding and public health response to COVID-19. Genomic technologies have been employed by researchers all over the world to better understand the biology of SARS-CoV-2 and its origin, genomic diversity, and evolution. Worldwide genomic resources have greatly aided in the investigation of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has ushered in a new era of genomic surveillance, wherein scientists are tracking the changes of the SARS-CoV-2 genome in real-time at the international and national levels. Availability of genomic and proteomic information enables the rapid development of molecular diagnostics and therapeutics. The advent of high-throughput sequencing and genome editing technologies led to the development of modern vaccines. We briefly discuss the impact of genomics in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in this review.


Assuntos
COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Genômica/métodos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , COVID-19/virologia , Evolução Molecular , Genoma Viral , Humanos , Epidemiologia Molecular , Mutação , SARS-CoV-2/classificação
20.
J Contemp Brachytherapy ; 14(6): 551-559, 2022 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36819474

RESUMO

Purpose: To compare the rectal and bladder doses using two different vaginal packing techniques among uterine cervical cancer patients receiving high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT). Material and methods: Forty-five patients with cervical cancer were randomized to receive two sessions of ICBT using tandem and ring applicator (Varian©), following completion of pelvic external beam radiotherapy treatment. The procedure was performed with vaginal balloon plus gauze packing or vaginal gauze packing alone, each of which was used in one of two sessions. Sequence of the type of vaginal packing was chosen with computer-generated block randomization. A HDR dose of 8.5 Gy was prescribed to point A in all patients. Volumetric dose parameters, such as D0.1cc, D0.5cc, D1cc, and D2cc of the rectum and bladder were compared between the two techniques of vaginal packing. Results: The mean age of patients was 51 years. Majority (88%) of patients had locally advanced stages of cancer at baseline (stage IIB or more). Rectal doses were significantly less in combined packing technique (D0.1cc: 7.52 Gy vs. 9.02 Gy, p = 0.01; D0.5cc: 6.46 Gy vs. 7.42 Gy, p < 0.01; D1cc: 5.91 Gy vs. 6.7 Gy, p < 0.01; D2cc: 5.29 Gy vs. 5.97 Gy, p < 0.01). Bladder doses were higher in the combined packing technique (D0.1cc: 11.20 Gy vs. 10.76 Gy, p = 0.18; D0.5cc: 9.64 Gy vs. 9.32 Gy, p = 0.56; D1cc: 8.64 Gy vs. 8.36 Gy, p = 0.55; D2cc: 7.56 vs. 7.33 Gy, p = 0.55). Conclusions: Combined vaginal packing resulted in statistically significant reduction in rectal radiation dose compared with standard vaginal gauze packing in high-dose-rate brachytherapy of cervix cancer using tandem and ring applicators.

SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...