RESUMO
The association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of B-cell activating factor (BAFF)/a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) system with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) have been suggested, therefore, we investigated 20 SNPs of BAFF, APRIL, BAFF-R, transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin-ligand interactor (TACI), B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) genes and the risk and outcome of B-CLL in 187 patients and 296 healthy subjects as well as ligand-receptor gene × gene interactions. Although the obtained P-values for all 20 SNPs did not reach statistical significance for this study (α = 0.003), the high value of the global chi-squared statistic (χ(2) df = 38 = 52.65; P = 0.0586), and obtained values of odds ratio indicate that rs9514828 (BAFF), rs3803800 (APRIL) and rs4985726 (TACI) may be associated with the risk of B-CLL. We observed that the B-CLL patients with the genotype rs9514828CT/rs11570136AA were diagnosed with the disease 12 years later than the whole group of patients in this study.
Assuntos
Fator Ativador de Células B/genética , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Proteína Transmembrana Ativadora e Interagente do CAML/genética , Membro 13 da Superfamília de Ligantes de Fatores de Necrose Tumoral/genética , Idoso , Fator Ativador de Células B/imunologia , Receptor do Fator Ativador de Células B/genética , Receptor do Fator Ativador de Células B/imunologia , Antígeno de Maturação de Linfócitos B/genética , Antígeno de Maturação de Linfócitos B/imunologia , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Linfócitos B/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/diagnóstico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/imunologia , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Polônia , Fatores de Risco , Proteína Transmembrana Ativadora e Interagente do CAML/imunologia , Membro 13 da Superfamília de Ligantes de Fatores de Necrose Tumoral/imunologiaRESUMO
ALCAM and CD6 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), since they are involved in the transmigration of leukocytes across the blood-brain barrier. In this study, we confirmed our previous findings about the association of the ALCAM gene with risk, development and progression of MS. Additionally, we showed that in the case of the CD6 gene (encoding receptor of ALCAM) not only polymorphisms but also mRNA expression level are associated with MS. Our analysis revealed that the risk of the disease for AA individuals in rs12360861 was almost 3.0-fold lower in comparison to GG individuals (OR=0.34; CI95%=0.12; 0.81). Moreover, we observed lower expression of CD6 mRNA in patients than in healthy individuals (T(2)2,74=6.678; p=0.002).
Assuntos
Antígenos CD/genética , Antígenos de Diferenciação de Linfócitos T/genética , Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/genética , Proteínas Fetais/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Esclerose Múltipla/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Adulto , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos de Diferenciação de Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/metabolismo , Avaliação da Deficiência , Feminino , Proteínas Fetais/metabolismo , Estudos de Associação Genética , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esclerose Múltipla/metabolismo , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This study was performed to estimate the effect of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on the pneumonia admission rate in children younger than 5 years of age, after the introduction of routine 2+1 dose schedule immunization. We compared the pneumonia admission rate (number of cases per 1,000 population) 2 years before and 2 years after the introduction of PCV7 in 2006. Only children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia were analyzed. The vaccination rate in the analyzed periods was around 99%. In the period preceding the implementation of PCV7, the average pneumonia admission rate was 41.48/1,000 and 6.15/1,000 for 1-year-old and 2-4-year-old children, respectively. Statistical analysis showed a significant fall in this rate in two consecutive years after PCV7 implementation (p < 0.0000001 for 1-year-old and p = 0.011 for 2-4-year-old children, respectively). In the first year of vaccination, the admission number decreased in these two groups by about 65 and 23%, respectively. In the second year, only a few percent fall in the admission rate was noted. In children younger than 2 years of age, the age group targeted for vaccination, pneumonia-related healthcare utilization declined substantially following PCV7 introduction. These results suggest that PCV7 may play an important role in reducing the burden of pneumonia in Poland.
