Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour. Review of the literature and own experience.

The present paper discusses the case of a patient who was surgically treated for a rare calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (Pindborg tumour) at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, F. Chopin Clinical Voivodeship Hospital in Rzeszow. Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour (CEOT) is a benign odontogenic tumour arising from the remnants of the dental lamina epithelium. The first three cases of this tumour were recognized by the Danish pathologist J.J. Pindborg in 1955. Since then Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour has been commonly referred to as the Pindborg tumour. This type of neoplasm is relatively rare, since it occurs in approximately 0.4% of all odontogenic tumour cases. Due to a fairly common tendency of recurrence, estimated to be approximately 14% of all cases, the preferred o choice of treatment is radical surgical procedure and postoperative follow-up. Appropriate clinical and histopathological diagnosis is very important before applying the most suitable surgical treatment. Based on the case reviewed and the available literature, we can confirm the suitability of the therapeutic procedure course aligned with contemporary views, guidelines and established standards.

Observations on surgical reconstructive management following the excision of malignant neoplasms of the eyelid and periocular area.

BACKGROUND: The surgical treatment of malignant neoplasms of the eyelid and the periocular area, due to the complex structure of the eye protective apparatus, remains a difficult surgical problem. The aim is to reconstruct the missing tissue as precisely as possible, both from a functional and esthetic point of view. Postoperative disorders of eyelid function may considerably disturb both the functioning and the quality of life of the patients. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate 262 patients who had underwent operations related to malignant neoplasms of the eyelid and the periocular area, and to demonstrate which reconstruction methods for post-resection defects were the most advantageous in terms of functions and esthetics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was based on an analysis of the medical records of 262 patients. The analysis included the reconstruction techniques used, the patient's age, the sizes and locations of the primary skin cancer, any healing complications, and the distant esthetic and functional outcomes. RESULTS: Various types of flap procedures were the most frequently used techniques in the studied group of patients (66.8%). Single flaps were used in 83 patients, multiple flaps in 89 patients and complex flaps with a cartilage graft in 3 patients. Free skin grafts were used in 52 patients and were associated with complications in the form of partial necrosis. Complications during postoperative wound healing were observed in 18.3% of the patients. In 12 patients, the complications were associated with a local infection, in 15 patients with partial, marginal necrosis and in 8 patients partial wound breakdown after the transfer of the flap occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequently used mechanisms for correction and reconstruction of the deficits following the excision of the eyelid skin and periorbital malignancies included various flaps used in a total of 175 patients (66.8%).

Effect of Scanning and Support Strategies on Relative Density of SLM-ed H13 Steel in Relation to Specimen Size.

Standard experimental research works are aimed at optimization of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) parameters in order to produce material with relative density over 99% and possibly the highest scanning speed. Typically, cuboidal specimens with arbitrarily selected dimensions are built. An optimum set of parameters, determined on such specimens, is used for building parts with variable cross-section areas. However, it gives no guarantee that the density of variable-section parts produced with so selected parameters will be as high as that of the specimens measured during the parameters optimization process. The goal of this work was to improve the process of SLM parameter selection according to the criterion of maximum relative density, based on the example of AISI H13 tool steel (1.2344). A selection method of scanning strategy ensuring relative density of parts over 99%, irrespective of their dimensions, was determined. The specimens were produced using several variants of support structures. It was found that proper selection of the support strategy prevents development of columnar pores.

Development of manufacturing method of the MAP21 magnesium alloy prepared by selective laser melting (SLM).

Magnesium alloys are well known for their biocompatibility and biodegradable properties [9], [27] owing to the fact that magnesium is a mineral crucial for human body, especially for bone tissue. There are studies [17] on using WE43 additively manufactured magnesium scaffolds for full bone and soft tissue regeneration. Moreover, magnesium implants in bones were investigated as having higher bone-implant interface strength than titanium ones [3]. In this paper, the results of the studies on MAP21 magnesium powder selective laser melting process optimization as a starting point for further bioapplications are presented. MAP21 magnesium alloy owing to its high mechanical properties, excellent vibration damping characteristic and good creep resistance is a promising material to be tested for scaffold structures. The study for the first time shows successful SLM manufacturing of dense samples made of MAP21 alloy. Using an algorithm based on design of experiment (DoE) method [21], the SLM process parameters were designated. The porosity was investigated as a SLM process optimization parameter. High density of produced sample, up to 99%, was achieved. Microstructure and oxidation level after selective laser melting (SLM) manufacturing were characterized. Fine grain microstructure and three kinds of precipitations were found Nd (Gd, Zr, Mg), Mg (Nd, Gd, Zr) and Mg (Zr, Nd, Gd, Zn)). In order to determine the mechanical properties of MAP21 alloy processed with SLM technology, static tensile tests and microhardness tests were conducted, resulting in mechanical properties (Rm = 167 MPa, E = 38.6 GPa, 63-74 HB) comparable with as-cast alloy. A discussion was held on further research opportunities for biomedical use of SLM-ed MAP21 alloy.

Clinical-pathological characteristics of patients treated for cancers of the eyelid skin and periocular areas.

BACKGROUND: Malignant cancers of the eyelid skin and the periocular area comprise 5-10% of facial skin malignant cancers. Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) dominate, comprising approx. 80-90% of cancers of this area of the face. Considerably less often, in 9-14% of cases, squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are observed. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to provide an epidemiological-clinical assessment of patients treated over the period 2006-2015 for primary malignant cancers of the eyelid skin considering histological diagnosis and clinical staging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was based on an analysis of the medical records of 262 patients. Demographic data, age, sex, size and location of lesions, histological types, and clinical staging were assessed. RESULTS: In the analyzed group of 262 patients, most were over the age of 60 years. Primary cancers were most frequently located in the area of the medial canthus of the eye and in the lower eyelid skin. They were mainly lesions of 6-10 mm and 16-20 mm with histologically diagnosed basal cell carcinoma of nodular and cystic types. CONCLUSIONS: The most represented group was that of patients aged 60-70 years with primary cancers located in the medial canthus of the eye (47.3%) and in the lower eyelid. Basal cell carcinoma was diagnosed, mainly nodular and cystic types.

Mucoceles of minor salivary glands in children. Own clinical observations.

INTRODUCTION: Mucoceles are benign lesions associated with the pathology of the oral mucosa of minor salivary glands. Two types of cysts are distinguished depending on their pathogenesis. Most often they occur as a result of mechanical trauma and mucus extravasation into tissues or obstruction of the gland ducts. AIM: The aim of the study was to present our own experiences regarding mucoceles of minor salivary glands in the oral cavity taking into account how frequently the individual types of cysts occur in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research was carried out based on medical files from the years 2005-2015. These were: medical case records, operating books and the medical registry of patients treated at the Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Frederic Chopin Clinical Regional Hospital in Rzeszow. In that period 64 children and teenagers, 28 girls and 36 boys were treated. What was considered was the age and gender of the patients, the reason for their appointment with a doctor, the location, size and histopathological type of the cysts, as well as the course and results of the diagnostic and therapeutic process. RESULTS: In the group analyzed, the reasons for referral to the Clinic were: in 25 patients accidental ascertainment of a non-symptomatic tumor in the oral cavity during examination by a dentist, pediatrician or laryngologist which had not caused any discomfort to the children; in 13 patients concern had been raised by a gradually increasing tumor; in 18 cases there was an increased tissue tension surrounding the tumor, while in 3 children red oedema was observed in the oral cavity (suspicion of abscess). The most frequent mucocele location was the lower lip (34 children). The most frequent size was 2.1-3 cm (28 children). The most frequent histological type was MEP. All the patients were treated at the Clinic in the one-day surgery mode, with good outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Mucocele ascertainment in children's oral cavity could be made accidentally in routine pediatric examination, therefore it is necessary to extend pediatricians' knowledge about small salivary gland mucoceles. The most frequent type of MEP could be related to different types of trauma in the oral mucose.

Leiomyosarcoma in the mandible: A rare case report.

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a malignancy which very rarely occurs in maxillofacial location, and the course of the disease is not very characteristic.In this case report, we present a 58-year-old female patient with a painless tumor of the left angle of the mandible causing slight asymmetry of the face. She also reported that she observed deterioration in fitting of the lower denture in the oral cavity for several months, which she had used successfully for 5 years.On the basis of clinical tests, histopatological examination, and imaging (CT, MRI, ultrasound, pantomography), the patient was diagnosed with primary malignant leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the mandibular corpus and ramus on the left side. The patient received combined surgical and oncological treatment. The first stage was a surgery, and then adjuvant radiotherapy was applied on the site of the resected tumor-a total dose of 60 Gy in 35 fractions. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. She also underwent adjuvant therapy well. In the period of 3-year follow-up, no signs of recurrence were observed.The findings may extend our knowledge and experiences in the treatment of leiomvosarcoma in the craniofacial area.