Network pharmacology and transcriptomics analysis reveal the mechanism of BushenHuoxue formula attenuates premature ovarian failure via modulation PI3K/AKT pathway.

This study aims to analyze the active components and mechanism of Bushen Huoxue (BSHX) formula on the autoimmune premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) by combining network pharmacology and Transcriptomics. The active components and targets of BSHXF were screened through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). POI-related targets were identified through Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD), DisGeNET and drugbank database. The Veen diagram was performed to obtain the action targets. The active compound-target network and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network were built by using STRING database and Cytoscape software. Key targets and active compounds were further identified by topological analysis. Molecular docking shows that Kaempferol, Isorhamnetin and Anhydroicaritin have strong binding to AKT. Finally, a zp3-induced autoimmune ovarian function deficiency mouse model was used to explore the potential mechanism of POI. The potential pathways of BSHXF for the treatment of POI were identified by Transcriptomic analysis. PI3K-AKT and NF-kb pathways were the common pathways between network pharmacology and transcriptomics. Our results revealed that BSHXF could reduce the FSH expression levels and raise the E2, and AMH levels in the serum. Western bloting demonstrates that BSHXF could upregulate the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT.

The hippocampal salt-inducible kinase 2-CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 1 system mediates the antidepressant actions of paroxetine in mice.

The hippocampal salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2)-CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 1 (CRTC1) system has been demonstrated to participate in not only the pathogenesis of depression but also the antidepressant mechanisms of several antidepressant medications including fluoxetine, paroxetine, and mirtazapine. Like fluoxetine, paroxetine is also a widely used selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Recent studies have indicated that paroxetine also modulates several pharmacological targets other than the 5-HT system. Here, we speculate that paroxetine regulates the hippocampal SIK2-CRTC1 system. Chronic stress models of depression, various behavioral tests, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, and genetic knockdown were used together in the present study. Our results show that the antidepressant actions of paroxetine in mice models of depression were accompanied by its preventing effects against chronic stress on hippocampal SIK2, CRTC1, and CRTC1-CREB binding. In contrast, genetic knockdown of hippocampal CRTC1 notably abrogated the antidepressant effects of paroxetine in mice. In summary, regulating hippocampal SIK2 and CRTC1 participates in the antidepressant mechanism of paroxetine, extending the knowledge of its pharmacological targets.

The effect of inhibitory control and language proficiency on intra-sentential switching costs in reading comprehension.

Based on the inhibition account and activation account, inhibitory control and language proficiency play big roles on language control mechanisms underlying language switching respectively. But it is still debatable whether inhibitory control and language proficiency play roles in sentential context during bilingual language comprehension, and how and when they work if they both do. The present study examined the specific roles of language proficiency and inhibitory control on modulating intra-sentential switching costs in Chinese-English bilinguals using self-paced reading task. Results indicated that language proficiency and switching direction modulated intra-sentential switching costs significantly. Switching costs were larger when switching into L1 than into L2 for the first two code-switched words due to inhibitory effect, but more costly switching into L2 than into L1 since the third code-switched words owing to the effect of relative language proficiency. During bilingual language processing, inhibition and activation of languages shaped a dynamic interplay of complementary language control processes. Specifically, inhibitory control and language proficiency work as a dynamic continuum in language switching at sentence level. Switching into L1 requires the release of inhibition to L1, but switching into L2 asks the activation and access of L2. The interaction effects of language proficiency and inhibitory control influenced the exertion and components of inhibition. This study reconciled the independent roles of language proficiency and inhibitory control on language switching and constructed a new continuum based on language proficiency.

Influence of medical humanization on patients' attribution in negative medical situations with communication as the mediator: a questionnaire study.

Background: Patients' attribution in negative medical situations plays a vital role in reducing medical conflicts and developing high-quality healthcare. The purpose of this study was to investigate the triadic relations among patients' attribution, medical humanization and communication. Furthermore, the mediating effect of communication was tested. Methods: A cross-sectional study on the relationship between patients' attribution in negative medical situations and medical staff's humanization and communication was conducted, with 3,000 participants totally from 103 hospitals of three different levels in different regions. Results: There were significant positive correlations among medical staff's humanization, communication and patients' attributional styles (r = 0.112-0.236, p < 0.001 for all). Medical humanization had direct predictive effects on patients' attributional style in negative medical situations (ß = 0.14, p < 0.01). Mediation analysis also indicated the indirect predictive effect of medical humanization on patients' attributions through communication (ß = 0.02, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Patients' attribution in negative medical situations is predicted by patients' perception of medical staff's humanization in healthcare and physicians' communication skills. Medical humanization not only affects patients' attributions in negative situations directly, but also influences patients' attributions via communication indirectly. The humanistic care should be included in medical education for healthcare professionals, and professional training on medical staff's humanization and communication skills is strongly needed to establish healthy and harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

Disaster process-based spatiotemporal characteristics of apricot frost in the warm temperate zone (WTZ), China.

Frost stress is a major environmental factor that limits apricot growth in the warm temperate zone (WTZ) of China, and is always triggered by extreme low temperature weather processes. In this study, the characteristics of the apricot frost processes f(D, Tcum), which were identified from historical disaster representation, were analyzed and apricot frost evaluation indicators were developed, thus facilitating the process-based assessment and spatiotemporal analysis of apricot frost processes. Periods of low temperature that persist for 1~2, 3, and ≥4 days (i.e., duration days, D) provide the initial identification indicator for light, moderate, and severe apricot frost. The threshold ranges for Tcum are 0~3.9, 9.2~12.0, and >16.2 for D values of 1~2, 3, and ≥4, respectively. The northwest of the WTZ is dominated by apricot frost, with approximately 80% of apricot frost being light, followed by moderate and severe. Regional apricot frost exhibited a significant decreasing trend over the last four decades. A total of 29.65% of stations, which were mainly located in the northwest and middle parts of the study region, detected an increasing trend in apricot frost. The results provide technical support for targeted apricot frost level detection, and the process-based spatiotemporal characteristics of apricot frost can provide basic information for the prevention and mitigation of apricot frost.

[Zuogui Pills and Yougui Pills in differential treatment of diminished ovarian reserve based on metabolomics].

Based on the metabolomics, this paper systematically analyzed the metabolic substance basis of Zuogui Pills and Yougui Pills in syndrome differentiation and treatment of diminished ovarian reserve(DOR), so as to provide a scientific basis for the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome differentiation and treatment of DOR. Patients with DOR of kidney-Yin deficiency syndrome were collected from outpatient department of hospitals and treated with Zuogui Pills for 12 weeks. And kidney-Yang deficiency syndrome were treated with Yougui Pills for 12 weeks. Based on the non-targeted metabolomic research techniques, the potential biomarkers of Zuogui Pills and Yougui Pills in the treatment of DOR with kidney-Yin deficiency and kidney-Yang deficiency, respectively, were screened out, and metabolic pathways of biomarkers were analyzed. The pregnancy rate, basic serum hormone levels [basal follicle-stimulating hormone(bFSH), basal-luteinizing hormone(bLH), basal-estradiol(bE_2), and anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)], TCM syndrome type score, and Kupperman score were recorded and statistically analyzed after treatment. The results showed that 23 patients with DOR of kidney-Yin deficiency syndrome and 25 patients of kidney-Yang deficiency syndrome were collected. Twenty-six differential metabolites, including L-carnitine, acetyl-CoA, coenzyme A, and coenzyme Q_(10)(CoQ10), were mapped to 12 metabolic pathways in patients with kidney-Yin deficiency treated with Zuogui Pills. Twenty-two differential metabolites, such as adipoyl-CoA, L-lysine, lysine arginine, and α-tocopherol, were mapped to 11 metabolic pathways in patients with kidney-Yang deficiency. After treatment, bFSH and bLH of patients with DOR were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05). Although the comparison of bE_2 and AMH had no significant differences, there was a improvement trend. The TCM syndrome type score and Kupperman score of patients with DOR after TCM treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).

Spontaneous rupture of an unscarred uterus during pregnancy: A rare but life-threatening emergency: Case series.

RATIONALE: In most cases, uterine rupture occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy or during labor. Even fewer reports have been published about the occurrence of this condition without a gynecologic history of any surgical procedure. Due to their scarcity and variable clinical presentation, early diagnosis of uterine rupture may be difficult, and if the diagnosis is not timely, the condition may be life-threatening. PATIENT CONCERNS: Herein, 3 cases of uterine rupture from a single institution are described. Three patients are at different gestational weeks and all have no history of uterine surgery. They came to the hospital due to acute abdominal pain, which is characterized by severe and persistent pain in the abdomen, with no apparent vaginal bleeding. DIAGNOSES: All 3 patients were diagnosed with uterine rupture during the operation. INTERVENTIONS: One patient underwent uterine repair surgery; while the other 2 underwent subtotal hysterectomy due to persistent bleeding and pathological examination after surgery confirmed placenta implantation. OUTCOMES: The patients recovered well after the operation, and no discomfort occurred in the follow-up. LESSONS: Acute abdominal pain during pregnancy can pose both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. It is important to consider the possibility of uterine rupture, even in cases where there is no history of prior uterine surgery. The key to the treatment of uterine rupture is to shorten the diagnosis time as much as possible, this potential complication should be carefully monitored for and promptly addressed to ensure the best possible outcomes for both the mother and the developing fetus.

The effects of cross-linguistic similarity on phrase-level language switching: evidence from high-proficient Chinese-English bilinguals.

Previous research on language switching has debated whether high-proficient bilinguals exhibit symmetrical costs and one underlying reason for which may be the potential influence of cross-linguistic characteristics. The previous conflicting findings suggest their impact on language switching needs to be further investigated. In this study, we recruited 36 high-proficient Chinese-English bilinguals and investigated the effect of cross-linguistic similarity on the switching of quantifier expressions under three switch conditions. The results showed that switch costs were significantly greater when the quantifier expression was similar between Chinese and English than when it was different. Larger switch costs were found in the alternate switch condition than those in the non-switch or random switch conditions. In addition, participants exhibited larger switch costs when switching to the first language than when switching to the second language. The results suggest that the similarity of quantifier expressions between the first language and the second language would create more competition and thus induce larger switch costs in phrase-level language switching, which may be derived from the inner word recognition system of the mental lexicon. This study further improves the relevant theories on the origin of switch costs by supporting the Language Non-Specific Selection Hypothesis.

Trend of glaucoma internal filtration surgeries in a tertiary hospital in China.

AIM: To evaluate the trend of glaucoma internal filtration surgeries for inpatients between 2015 and 2021 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. METHODS: A review of the medical records of inpatients who had been diagnosed with glaucoma and received anti-glaucoma surgery between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2021 was conducted. The glaucoma diagnosis in this study included primary open angle glaucoma, primary angle-closure glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, and paediatric glaucoma. The types of surgeries were categorised as internal filtration, external filtration, and cyclodestruction surgery based on the pathway of aqueous humor outflow. The trend of these glaucoma surgeries in the sample of patients with different types of glaucoma was then analysed. RESULTS: The number of patients hospitalised for glaucoma surgery increased yearly, from 752 in 2015 to 1373 in 2021, at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Regarding the patients diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma, internal filtration surgery increased from 27.40% of the sample to 54.40% of the sample, while external filtration surgery decreased from 71.50% to 44.20% between 2015 and 2021. For paediatric glaucoma, internal filtration surgery increased from 37.50% in 2015 to 88.20% in 2021. Whilst different types of surgeries were performed on the sample of patients with secondary glaucoma, the proportion of internal filtration surgery also showed an increase from 18.20% in 2015 to 40.90% in 2021. Meanwhile, internal filtration surgery in the patient sample with primary angle-closure glaucoma already accounted for over 70.00% in 2015, and showed a small increase by 2021. CONCLUSION: As surgical technology and surgical experience continue to elevate and improve, the range of glaucoma surgeries are correspondingly evolving. This study find that internal filtration surgeries accounted for an increasing proportion of treatments in the surgical management of glaucoma between 2015 and 2021.

Doctors' and Patients' Perceptions of Impacts of Doctors' Communication and Empathy Skills on Doctor-Patient Relationships During COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the performance of Chinese doctors may have led to improved doctor-patient relationships (DPRs). However, it is unclear how doctors and patients perceived the impact of doctors' communication and empathy skills on DPRs during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: To examine the perceptions of doctors and patients on how doctors' communication skills and empathy skills influence DPRs during COVID-19. MAIN MEASURES: Doctors' and patients' perceptions of doctors' communication skills were measured using the Chinese version of the SEGUE Framework. To measure empathy skills and DPRs, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy and Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire were administered to doctors, and the Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure and Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire were administered to patients. RESULTS: A total of 902 doctors and 1432 patients in China were recruited during the pandemic via online or offline surveys (overall response rate of 69.8%). Both doctors and patients rated doctors' empathy skills as more impactful on DPRs than communication skills. Doctors believed that only their empathy skills influenced DPRs. But patients believed that there was a significant bi-directional relationship between doctors' communication and empathy skills and these two skills interacted to directly and indirectly influence DPRs, and doctors' empathy had a greater mediating effect than their communication. CONCLUSIONS: During COVID-19, there were both similarities and differences between Chinese doctors' and patients' views on how doctors' communication and empathy skills influenced DPRs. The greater effect of doctors' empathy skills suggests that both doctors and patients attach more importance to doctors' empathy in doctor-patient interactions. The bi-directional effect on patient outcomes suggests that both doctors' communication and empathy skills are important to patients' perceptions of DPRs.

KLRB1 is a novel prognostic biomarker in endometrial cancer and is associated with immune infiltration.

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) has the characteristics of high mortality and poor prognosis in the advanced stage, which seriously threatens women's health. Killer cell lectin-like receptor B1 (KLRB1) is a promising immune checkpoint of which the expression level can regulate the killing effect on tumor cells of the immune system, thereby affecting the survival and prognosis of tumor patients. However, it is still unclear whether KLRB1 is associated with survival and prognosis in patients with EC. Therefore, our study focused on the relationship between KLRB1 and immune cells to explore the role of KLRB1 on the immune microenvironment, and to further explore its feasibility as a prognostic marker in EC. Methods: In this study, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to analyze the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of KLRB1 in normal endometrial and EC tissues. The University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis Portal (UALCAN) database was used to determine the correlation between KLRB1 mRNA expression and clinical features among the EC patients. KLRB1 expression levels were investigated in the Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database to reveal its relationship with immune cell infiltration of EC. Finally, using the R package clusterProfiler, enrichment analysis was performed on KLRB1 to study its potential function. Results: The results suggested that KLRB1 expression varied in different tumor tissues, and the EC group had lower mRNA expression levels than did the control group. It was also found that patients with high expression of KLRB1 had a better prognosis. According to further enrichment and immune infiltration analyses, KLRB1 expression had a closed relationship with the level of infiltration of some immune cell types, such as B cells memory, eosinophils, and Tregs, among others. Conclusions: KLRB1 expression is associated with the infiltration of immune cells and can be used as a prognostic biomarker in EC.

The Influence of Stereotypes on Trust in Doctors from Patients' Perspective: The Mediating Role of Communication.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship among patients' stereotypes of doctors, effectiveness of doctors' communication skills evaluated by patients, and patients' trust in doctors. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey with a total of 3289 patients from 103 hospitals in eastern, central and western China was conducted. Results: There were strong correlations among patients' stereotypes, patients' evaluation on doctors' communication skills, and patients' trust (r = 0.50-0.67, p < 0.01 for all). Patients' trust was predicted by patients' stereotypes directly (ß = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.27-0.37) and indirectly (ß = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.16-0.23) through patients' evaluation on doctors' communication skills. Conclusion: Both patients' stereotypes and patients' evaluation on doctors' communication skills have predictive effects on patients' trust. Patients' stereotypes are not only a direct predictor of patients' trust but also an indirect predictor via doctors' communication skills as a mediator. This national survey underlines the significance of patients' stereotypes, and emphasizes the importance of developing doctors' communication skills on patients' trust. In order to build a more trustful doctor-patient relationship, there should be a joint effort at social and individual level to reinforce positive impression and suppress negative stereotypes of doctors. As far as communication skills are concerned, doctors are encouraged to use helpful verbal and nonverbal techniques that benefit their profession impression management.

Network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the molecular mechanisms of Bushen Huoxue for the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency.

Bushen Huoxue (BSHX) has been applied in clinical traditional Chinese medicine treatment, and has definitive clinical efficacy in the treatment of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) in China. However, little is known of the underlying mechanism of BSHX. The purpose of this paper is to study the pharmacological mechanisms of BSHX acting on POI based on a pharmacology and experimental validation. The pharmacological database of chinese medicine system and analysis platform (TCMSP) were used to search the effective active ingredients and potential action targets of BSHX. Drugbank, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), Genecards, and Disgenet databases were used to obtain relevant targets of POI. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and the visual network of protein-protein interaction network were constructed by FunRich3.1. Pymol software, and Auto Dock tools 1.5.6 were used for molecular docking. Murine model of POI was used to further investigate the mechanism of BSHX against on POI. Finally, 127 active compounds were collected from TCMSP database, and 215 active targets were identified. There were 1366 targets related to POI and 99 targets of BSHX for the treatment of POI. Quercetin, kaempferol, and stigmasterol were recognized as the most effective compounds corresponding to targets. The top three genes according to degree value are TP53, Akt1, and VEGFA. Further, the results of GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that those core targets were mainly enriched on TRAIL and TGF-ß receptor signaling. The results of molecular docking showed that stigmasterol had good binding ability to Akt1. Moreover, experimental validation suggests that BSHX significantly Increased the expression of TGF-ß1 and Smad2/3, regulating the release of serum sex hormones, which include Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), Estradiol (E2), and Antimullerin hormone (AMH).

HIGHLIGHTSBSHX treats POI by regulating TGF-ß1 and Smad2/3 signaling pathways; Quercetin, kaempferol, and stigmasterol were the most effective compounds in BSHX.

Construction of an Integrated mCherry Red Fluorescent Protein Expression System for Labeling and Tracing in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1.

Thorough intestinal adhesion and colonization greatly promote the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Labeling and tracing with fluorescent proteins are effective and reliable for studying the in vivo physiological activities of LAB including localization, adhesion, and colonization. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1 was successfully traced with a red fluorescent protein (RFP), which was expressed by the bacteria-carrying recombinant plasmids. In this study, we aimed to construct a stable RFP mCherry expression system, whose encoding gene was integrated into the bacterial chromosome via double-crossed homologous recombination, and use it for labeling WCFS1 with the goal of avoiding the potential loss of non-chromosomal plasmids along with intestinal growth. First, the constitutive expression of the mCherry protein was improved after adjusting the length of the spacer between the promoter and the gene start codon. Then, the optimized mCherry gene expression cassette was integrated into the chromosome of WCFS1. The resulting strain had normal unimpaired growth and strong fluorescent signals, even after 100 generations, indicating its stability. Furthermore, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results revealed a strong positive correlation between the fluorescence intensity of the strain and the number of viable cells, demonstrating its potential usage for the quantification of in vivo WCFS1 cells. Finally, the increased adhesion ability of WCFS1 due to the recombinant expression of the bsh gene was visualized and evaluated using fluorescence intensity, the results of which were consistent with those obtained using the previously established quantification methods. These results suggest that the chromosomal-integrated mCherry labeling system can be extensively used to examine the distribution, colonization, and survival of LAB in vivo in order to determine the mechanism of its probiotic function.

The effect of Bu Shen Huo Xue Tang on autoimmune premature ovarian insufficiency via Modulation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in mice.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Bu Shen Huo Xue Tang (BSHXT) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that is clinically used in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, its therapeutic mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of pharmacological activity of BSHXT, via the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, in the treatment of autoimmune POI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The chemical composition of BSHXT was analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. The autoimmune POI mouse model was induced by immunizing mice twice, with zona pellucida (ZP) glycoprotein 3 antigen. The autoimmune POI mice were continuously administered BSHXT for 28 days. Body weight and organ indices were recorded. The pathological morphology of the ovaries was observed. The estrous cycle of each mouse was recorded. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the levels of ZP antibodies in the mouse ovaries. The levels of ZP antibodies, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The expression of genes and proteins involved in the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway were measured by Q-PCR and IHC, respectively. RESULTS: Twenty-one compounds were identified in the BSHXT water extract. BSHXT was found to increase the body weight and ovarian index, improve ovarian function, and reduce disorders in the estrus cycle. It also reduced the expression of ZP antibodies in the ovaries and serum of POI mice. BSHXT significantly increased E2 and AMH levels and decreased FSH and LH levels. It also increased the levels of SOD, and reduced MDA levels. The levels of Nrf2 and Keap1 were also increased, and the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 genes was upregulated. CONCLUSIONS: BSHXT has a therapeutic effect on autoimmune POI in mice, which may be a result of the enhanced antioxidant capacity and activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. BSHXT is a good drug candidate for use as a protective agent for POI and may be used in clinical practice.

Tandem mass tag-based proteomic analysis reveals the treatment mechanism of Bushen Huoxue Formula on psychological stress-induced premature ovarian insufficiency.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Bushen Huoxue formula (BSHXF) is a Chinese herbal prescription composed of eleven herbs widely used to treat psychological stress-induced premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in clinical. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this study was to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms of BSHXF in the treatment of psychological stress-induced POI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The rat model was induced by corticosterone (CORT, 40mg/kg). Drugs were administered to rats once daily for 21 days. The serum E2, FSH and AMH levels were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Tandem mass tag-based proteomic analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins. Western blot was used to verify the results of proteomic. RESULTS: Our results indicate that BSHXF can improve ovarian disfunction. The levels of serum FSH were signally enhanced in model group compared to control group. As respected, BSHXF treatment for 3 weeks led to the decreased FSH levels than the model group. The concentrations of AMH showed an obvious decrease in the model group and were increased by BSHXF treatment. Moreover, the size and number of follicles in the BSHXF groups were similar to those in the control group. The proteomic screened out that Np4 and Angptl4 were simultaneously enriched by GO and KEGG, thus these two proteins were chosen for further study. CONCLUSIONS: These findings revealed that BSHXF might regulate the expression of Np4 and Angptl4 to improve psychological stress-induced POI.

Silicone Tube Miniature Drainage Device Implanted under Scleral Flap for the Surgical Treatment of Glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a silicone tube miniature drainage device implanted under scleral flap for the surgical treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: This is a non-randomized prospective study. Patients with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were analyzed. Demographic information, preoperative and postoperative data including intraocular pressure (IOP), number of medications and complications were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 33 eyes of 33 patients were included in the analysis. Mean postoperative follow-up was 29.5 ± 6.9 months (range 18-50 months). The mean preoperative IOP was 25.8 ± 7.3 mmHg and decreased to 14.9 ± 4.3, 14.2 ± 3.4 and 14.9 ± 3.3 mmHg at 1 year, 2 years and last follow-up after surgery. The number of medications was decreased from 3.1 ± 1.3 preoperatively to 0.2 ± 0.7, 0.4 ± 0.9 and 0.4 ± 1.0 at 1 year, 2 years and last follow-up, respectively, after surgery. Only six (18.2%) patients used glaucoma medications at last visit. The complete success rates were 87.9% and 78.6%, respectively, at 1 and 2 years postoperatively. The operation-related complications were rare. CONCLUSIONS: The silicone tube miniature drainage device implanted under the scleral flap was found to be a relatively safe and effective surgery for the treatment of POAG. Longer follow-up periods and larger sample sizes are expected.

[Dynamic identification of double-early rice heat and its spatiotemporal characteristics in Jiangxi Province, China]. / 江西早稻高温热害等级动态判识及时空变化特征.

Constructing evaluation indicator for rice heat damage based on hot weather process (occurring time of hot weather and its duration) can realize the dynamic identification of rice high-temperature heat damage level, which is of great importance to the precisely monitoring, warning and assessment of rice heat. Meteorological, historical disaster and phenological data on double-early rice in Jiangxi Province were integrated to retrieve the historical heat of double-early rice. The dynamic index of high temperature heat injury on early rice based on high temperature weather process was constructed based on K-S distribution fitting test and confidence interval method. The results were verified with reserved independent samples. A rice heat index (M) was calculated, with which rice heat risk was analyzed. The results showed that the starting time and duration of hot weather were key factors affecting the occurrence of rice heat damage, with the effect of starting time greater than the duration. Light, moderate, and severe rice heat for 3-5 d was identified at 10-12, 5-9 and 2-4 d after heading respectively. Similarly, light, moderate and severe rice heat lasting for 6-8 d and >8 d started at 11-18, 8-10, 1-7 d after heading and 12-18, 8-11, 0-7 d after heading respectively. The coincident rate of rice heat damage indicator was 73.7%, and that verified to be identical or one grade different was 89.5%. The linear tendency rate of M from 1981 to 2015 was 0.04·a-1, with abrupt change from low to high around 1999. A high M (>0.18) was mainly found in the middle and the northeast part of the study area. Increasing trends of a high M occurred in the middle, northeast and south of Jiangxi, with tendency rates > 0.04·a-1. In general, the indicators constructed in this study realized the dynamic identification of process-based rice heat. The middle and northeast parts of Jiangxi Province were identified as high risk areas for double-early rice heat.

[Construction and application of mCherry red fluorescent protein fusion expression system in lactic acid bacteria].

In order to enrich the library of domestic research about new red fluorescent marker in lactic acid bacteria (LAB), we described a new fusion expression system in Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 based on the pSIP vector. This system contained red fluorescent protein mCherry as a marker and bile salt hydrolase gene (bsh) as a reporter gene. Moreover, in this study, four different promoters (PsppA, PldhL, P32 and PslpA) were used to regulate the expression of the fusion protein mCherry-BSH, completing the inducible and constitutive expression in lactic acid bacteria. The recombinant protein mCherry-BSH presented activity of red fluorescence and bile salt hydrolase (BSH). The successful construction of the fusion expression system in LAB using a red fluorescent protein mCherry provides favorable conditions for the distribution, intestinal colonization and survival rate of lactic acid bacteria, so as to reveal the function mechanism of its probiotic characteristics; and the system also could lay the foundation for researches on protein expression, cellular localization and properties identification of active protein in lactic acid bacteria.