Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Cardiac Invasion Presented as Acute Myocardial Infarction and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: A Case Report.

Primary cardiac lymphoma is an exceedingly rare malignant tumor, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) being the most prevalent histological subtype. This disease has non-specific clinical manifestations, making early diagnosis crucial. However, DLBCL diagnosis is commonly delayed, and its prognosis is typically poor. Herein, we report the case of a 51-year-old male patient with DLBCL who presented with recurrent chest tightness for 4 months as the primary clinical symptom. The patient was admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction and left ventricular hypertrophy with heart failure. Echocardiography revealed a progression from left ventricular thickening to local pericardial thickening and adhesion in the inferior and lateral walls of the left ventricle. Finally, pathological analysis of myocardial biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of DLBCL. After treatment with the R-CHOP chemotherapy regimen, the patient's chest tightness improved, and he was discharged. After 2 months, the patient succumbed to death owing to sudden ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and decreased blood pressure despite rescue efforts. Transthoracic echocardiography is inevitable for the early diagnosis of DLBCL, as it can narrow the differential and guide further investigations and interventions, thereby improving the survival of these patients.

A plasma proteomic approach in patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: insights into the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.

Aims: The pathogenesis of disease progression targets for patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction was investigated by using plasma proteomics. Methods: The plasma proteomes of acute myocardial infarction patients with (MI-HF) and without (MI-WHF) heart failure were compared. Each group consisted of 10 patients who were matched for age and sex. The peptides were analyzed by 2-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in a high definition mode. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) verified the selected target proteins. Results: We identified and quantified 2,589 and 2,222 proteins, respectively, and found 117 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (≥1.5-fold), when the MI-HF and MI-WHF groups were compared. Of these 51 and 66 were significantly up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. The significant DEPs was subjected to protein-protein interaction network analysis which revealed a central role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in the MI-HF patients. PRM verified that MB, DIAPH1, VNN1, GOT2, SLC4A1, CRP, CKM, SOD3, F7, DLD, PGAM2, GOT1, UBA7 and HYOU1 were 14 proteins which were highly expressed in MI-HF patients. Conclusions: These findings showed a group of proteins related to the NF-κB signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of patients with poor outcomes after experiencing MI-HF. These proteins may be useful candidate markers for the diagnosis of MI-HF as well as help to elucidate the pathophysiology of this major cause of mortality in older patients.

Multiomics Analysis of Transcriptome, Epigenome, and Genome Uncovers Putative Mechanisms for Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

OBJECTIVE: Multiple genes have been identified to cause dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Nevertheless, there is still a lack of comprehensive elucidation of the molecular characteristics for DCM. Herein, we aimed to uncover putative molecular features for DCM by multiomics analysis. METHODS: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from different RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets of left ventricle samples from healthy donors and DCM patients. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was then presented. Differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were identified between DCM and control samples. Following integration of DEGs and DMGs, differentially expressed and methylated genes were acquired and their biological functions were analyzed by the clusterProfiler package. Whole exome sequencing of blood samples from 69 DCM patients was constructed in our cohort, which was analyzed the maftools package. The expression of key mutated genes was verified by three independent datasets. RESULTS: 1407 common DEGs were identified for DCM after integration of the two RNA-seq datasets. A PPI network was constructed, composed of 171 up- and 136 downregulated genes. Four hub genes were identified for DCM, including C3 (degree = 24), GNB3 (degree = 23), QSOX1 (degree = 21), and APOB (degree = 17). Moreover, 285 hyper- and 321 hypomethylated genes were screened for DCM. After integration, 20 differentially expressed and methylated genes were identified, which were associated with cell differentiation and protein digestion and absorption. Among single-nucleotide variant (SNV), C>T was the most frequent mutation classification for DCM. MUC4 was the most frequent mutation gene which occupied 71% across 69 samples, followed by PHLDA1, AHNAK2, and MAML3. These mutated genes were confirmed to be differentially expressed between DCM and control samples. CONCLUSION: Our findings comprehensively analyzed molecular characteristics from the transcriptome, epigenome, and genome perspectives for DCM, which could provide practical implications for DCM.

Multiomics Analysis of Genetics and Epigenetics Reveals Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets for Atrial Fibrillation.

OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms and exploring potential therapeutic targets for atrial fibrillation (AF) by multiomics analysis. METHODS: Transcriptomics and methylation data of AF patients were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated sites between AF and normal samples were screened. Then, highly expressed and hypomethylated and lowly expressed and hypermethylated genes were identified for AF. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was presented to construct AF-related coexpression networks. 52 AF blood samples were used for whole exome sequence. The mutation was visualized by the maftools package in R. Key genes were validated in AF using independent datasets. RESULTS: DEGs were identified between AF and controls, which were enriched in neutrophil activation and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. RHOA, CCR2, CASP8, and SYNPO2L exhibited abnormal expression and methylation, which have been confirmed to be related to AF. PCDHA family genes had high methylation and low expression in AF. We constructed two AF-related coexpression modules. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was the most common mutation type in AF, especially T > C. MUC4 was the most frequent mutation gene, followed by PHLDA1, AHNAK2, and MAML3. There was no statistical difference in expression of AHNAK2 and MAML3, for AF. PHLDA1 and MUC4 were confirmed to be abnormally expressed in AF. CONCLUSION: Our findings identified DEGs related to DNA methylation and mutation for AF, which may offer possible therapeutic targets and a new insight into the pathogenesis of AF from a multiomics perspective.

Morphometric analysis of the coracoid process and glenoid width: a 3D-CT study.

BACKGROUND: Data regarding the parameters of the coracoid process and glenoid width are insufficient, and information on gender, age, and ethnic differences in the parameters appear lacking in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the morphometric parameters in the coracoid process and glenoid width. METHODS: Using our institution's electronic database, we selected 84 patients (55 males and 29 females) who underwent a shoulder computed tomography (CT) scan from January 2017 to May 2018 in this study. Mimics19.0 software was used for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CT and to measure the morphometric parameters of the coracoid process and glenoid width. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and age were conducted and the parameters were compared with previously published reports. All data were statistically analysed by SPSS23.0 Statistical Package. RESULTS: A positive and significant relationship between the coracoid process and the glenoid width (R > 0.758, P < 0.01) was found. The midpoint width represents 52% (41-62%) of the glenoid width; the midpoint height, 40% (31-53%) of the glenoid width. Significant differences in all parameters between males and females were noted (P < 0.05). No significant differences among the age groups were observed (P > 0.05), whereas significant differences in almost all parameters between the ethnic groups were observed (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results could supplement the information in the shoulder joint database with morphometric parameters and provide a reference for theoretical research on coracoid osteotomy, which may in turn help surgeons in the evaluation of coracoid process transfer.