A Bilayer Polyurethane Patch with Sustained Growth Factor Release and Antibacteria for Re-epithelization of Large-Scale Oral Mucosal Defects.

In the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, extensive oral soft-tissue injuries occur repeatedly in clinical practice; however, effective restorative materials are lacking. In this study, a biodegradable waterborne polyurethane patch featuring a mucosa bionic bilayer structure is presented. This patch consists of a porous scaffold layer that faces the lesion, incorporating a polydopamine coating to achieve sustained release of epidermal growth factors (EGFs) for mucosal defect reconstruction. Additionally, there is a dense barrier layer toward the oral cavity loaded with silver nanoparticles, which prevents bacteria from entering the wound and simultaneously acts as a physical barrier. This patch can sustainably release EGF in vitro for 2 weeks, thereby facilitating the proliferation and migration of HaCaT and L929 cells, while effectively killing common oral cavity bacteria. In a rabbit buccal mucosal full-thickness defect model, the patch demonstrates better efficacy than the clinical benchmark, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM). It effectively reduces wound inflammation and significantly upregulates gene expression associated with epithelialization by activating the EGF/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway. These mechanisms promote the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of epithelial/keratinocyte cells, ultimately expediting mucosal defect healing and wound closure.

Development and Evaluation of Reconstructed Nanovesicles from Turmeric for Multifaceted Obesity Intervention.

The escalating prevalence of obesity poses significant health challenges due to its direct association with various diseases. Most existing medications, such as appetite suppressants and fat absorption inhibitors, suffer from limited effectiveness and undesirable side effects. Here, inspired by the versatile metabolic effects of turmeric, we developed a naturally derived nanoformulation of "Reconstructed Turmeric-derived Nanovesicles (Rec-tNVs)" for obesity treatment. Employing quantitative nanoflow cytometry, a four-orders-of-magnitude increase in curcumin content (∼108 molecules per particle) was identified in individual Rec-tNVs compared to their ultracentrifugation-isolated counterparts. Rec-tNVs, featuring highly aggregated curcumin arrangements and other coencapsulated bioactive compounds, demonstrated a dose-dependent lipid-lowering effect in mature 3T3-L1 cells by promoting lipolysis, suppressing lipogenesis, inducing adipocyte browning, and triggering apoptosis after internalization via multiple pathways. In vivo experiments revealed that Rec-tNVs alleviated obesity more effectively than free curcumin and achieved weight reductions of 18.68 and 14.56% through intragastric and subcutaneous delivery, respectively, in high-fat-diet mouse models over a four-week treatment period. These effects were attributed to targeted actions on adipose tissues and systemic impacts on metabolism and gut microbiota composition. Overall, this study underscores the multifaceted antiobesity efficacy of Rec-tNVs, and offers a promising paradigm for developing plant-derived nanovesicle-based therapeutics.

Unraveling the core and bridge menopausal symptoms of perimenopausal women: a network analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Perimenopause is the period from the early menopausal transition to 12 months after the final menstrual period. The clustering of menopausal symptoms poses a challenge for perimenopausal management. Core symptoms are targets for interventions that can alleviate other related symptoms. Bridge symptoms are connectors that link related symptom clusters and can improve the effectiveness of interventions. This study aims to construct a network structure of menopausal symptoms and to identify core and bridge symptoms as a reference for future management. METHODS: Two hundred forty-two Chinese perimenopausal women were included in the survey. The structure and associations of the menopausal symptoms assessed by the Greene Climacteric Scale were analyzed using a network analysis. We generated the network structure graph using R software and checked its accuracy and stability. RESULTS: In the menopausal transition, the most prevalent symptoms were feeling tired or lacking in energy, excitability, and irritability. Sexual dysfunction was common among early postmenopausal women. Irritability (S = 7.16, C = 0.0167, B = 8) was a core symptom of the network. The depressive symptom cluster was a core symptom cluster, most of which have high centrality indices. Excitability (B = 6) was a bridge symptom connecting the anxiety and depressive symptom clusters. CONCLUSIONS: Our study has highlighted the crucial significance of irritability and excitability in perimenopausal management. Overcoming the challenges of perimenopausal management requires the public to ameliorate the prejudice and stigma associated with emotional symptoms.

Investigating the role of MAB_1915 in intrinsic resistance to multiple drugs in Mycobacterium abscessus.

The increasing clinical significance of Mycobacterium abscessus is owed to its innate high-level, broad-spectrum resistance to antibiotics and therefore rapidly evolves as an important human pathogen. This warrants the identification of novel targets for aiding the discovery of new drugs or drug combinations to treat M. abscessus infections. This study is inspired by the drug-hypersensitive profile of a mutant M. abscessus (U14) with transposon insertion in MAB_1915. We validated the role of MAB_1915 in intrinsic drug resistance in M. abscessus by constructing a selectable marker-free in-frame deletion in MAB_1915 and complementing the mutant with the same or extended version of the gene and then followed by drug susceptibility testing. Judging by the putative function of MAB_1915, cell envelope permeability was studied by ethidium bromide accumulation assay and susceptibility testing against dyes and detergents. In this study, we established genetic evidence of the role of MAB_1915 in intrinsic resistance to rifampicin, rifabutin, linezolid, clarithromycin, vancomycin, and bedaquiline. Disruption of MAB_1915 has also been observed to cause a significant increase in cell envelope permeability in M. abscessus. Restoration of resistance is observed to depend on at least 27 base pairs upstream of the coding DNA sequence of MAB_1915. MAB_1915 could therefore be associated with cell envelope permeability, and hence its role in intrinsic resistance to multiple drugs in M. abscessus, which presents it as a novel target for future development of effective antimicrobials to overcome intrinsic drug resistance in M. abscessus. IMPORTANCE: This study reports the role of a putative fadD (MAB_1915) in innate resistance to multiple drugs by M. abscessus, hence identifying MAB_1915 as a valuable target and providing a baseline for further mechanistic studies and development of effective antimicrobials to check the high level of intrinsic resistance in this pathogen.

Periodic Single-Metal Site Catalysts: Creating Homogeneous and Ordered Atomic-Precision Structures.

Heterogeneous single-metal-site catalysts (SMSCs), often referred to as single-atom catalysts (SACs), demonstrate promising catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability across a wide spectrum of reactions due to their rationally designed microenvironments encompassing coordination geometry, binding ligands, and electronic configurations. However, the inherent disorderliness of SMSCs at both atomic scale and nanoscale poses challenges in deciphering working principles and establishing the correlations between microenvironments and the catalytic performances of SMSCs. The rearrangement of randomly dispersed single metals into homogeneous and atomic-precisely structured periodic single-metal site catalysts (PSMSCs) not only simplifies the chaos in SMSCs systems but also unveils new opportunities for manipulating catalytic performance and gaining profound insights into reaction mechanisms. Moreover, the synergistic effects of adjacent single metals and the integration effects of periodic single-metal arrangement further broaden the industrial application scope of SMSCs. This perspective offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and outlines prospective avenues for research in the design and characterizations of PSMSCs, while also acknowledging the formidable challenges encountered and the promising prospects that lie ahead.

Endothelial Cells Mediated by STING Regulate Oligodendrogenesis and Myelination During Brain Development.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) migrate extensively using blood vessels as physical scaffolds in the developing central nervous system. Although the association of OPCs with the vasculature is critical for migration, the regulatory mechanisms important for OPCs proliferative and oligodendrocyte development are unknown. Here, a correlation is demonstrated between the developing vasculature and OPCs response during brain development. Deletion of endothelial stimulator of interferon genes (STING) disrupts angiogenesis by inhibiting farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1) and thereby reducing cholesterol synthesis. Furthermore, the perturbation of metabolic homeostasis in endothelial cells increases interleukin 17D production which mediates the signal transduction from endothelial cells to OPCs, which inhibits oligodendrocyte development and myelination and causes behavioral abnormalities in adult mice. Overall, these findings indicate how the endothelial STING maintains metabolic homeostasis and contributes to oligodendrocyte precursor cells response in the developing neocortex.

Physicochemical properties and flavor substances analyses of refined beef tallow with dry fractionation treatment.

Dry fractionation represents a significant technique for separation of diverse fractions from beef tallow. The objective of this study was to undertake a systematic investigation of alterations in physicochemical properties, crystallization behavior, thermal properties, and flavor compounds that occur during the beef tallow dry fractionation process. The solid component yielded at 40, 30, and 15 °C were 44.88%, 33.72%, and 13.04% respectively, with an 8.36% liquid content at 15 °C, which was consistent with the characteristics of saturated fatty acids content. The ß - ß' transformation in the dry fractionation process was clearly revealed by X-ray diffraction. Differential scanning calorimetry curves exhibited alterations in exothermic and endothermic peak, as well as enthalpy. Electronic nose identified short-chain compounds, aldehydes, ketones, and nitrogen-containing substances as flavor compounds. Volatile compounds were quantified using HS-SPME-GC-MS. Overall, dry fractionation produces beef tallow fractionated compounds with diverse physicochemical properties and aromatic-active substances, thereby expanding its potential utilization.

HDAC3 in action: Expanding roles in inflammation and inflammatory diseases.

Inflammation serves as the foundation for numerous physiological and pathological processes, driving the onset and progression of various diseases. Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), an essential chromatin-modifying protein within the histone deacetylase superfamily, exerts its transcriptional inhibitory role through enzymatic histone modification to uphold normal physiological function, growth, and development of the body. With both enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities, HDAC3 plays a pivotal role in regulating diverse transcription factors associated with inflammatory responses and related diseases. This review examines the involvement of HDAC3 in inflammatory responses while exploring its therapeutic potential as a target for treating inflammatory diseases, thereby offering valuable insights for clinical applications.

Improvement in Storage Stability and Physicochemical Properties of Whole-Grain Highland Barley Pulp Prepared by a Novel Industry-Scale Microfluidizer System in Comparison with Colloid Milling.

The aim of this study was to assess the advantages of an industry-scale microfluidizer system (ISMS) to prepare whole-grain highland barley pulp (WHBP) compared with colloid milling. Storage stability was evaluated by particle size, gravity separation stability, and rheological properties, as well as the microstructure observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLMS). The results showed that colloid milling failed to effectively homogenize the material, while ISMS sample surfaces were compact and smooth at higher pressures according to visual observation and SEM. The Turbiscan stability index of WHBP by ISMS was much lower as a result of colloid milling, demonstrating ISMS can improve WHBP stability. WHBP by colloid milling displayed a three-peak particle size distribution pattern, while a single-peak pattern was evident after ISMS treatment. A higher shear rate decreased the apparent viscosity, suggesting that WHBP was a shear-thinning fluid. According to CLMS, ISMS can successfully improve homogenization by disrupting the structures of oil bodies, proteins, and starches. The WHBP prepared by ISMS exhibited a higher ß-glucan level than that prepared by colloid milling, and showed a significant increase in ß-glucan level with ISMS pressure. These findings indicate that using ISMS to produce WHBP is viable for enhancing its storage stability and nutritional value.

TC-14, a cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high safety profile.

Cathelicidins, a major class of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), hold considerable potential for antimicrobial drug development. In the present study, we identified a novel cathelicidin AMP (TC-33) derived from the Chinese tree shrew. Despite TC-33 demonstrating weak antimicrobial activity, the novel peptide TC-14, developed based on its active region, exhibited a 432-fold increase in antimicrobial activity over the parent peptide. Structural analysis revealed that TC-14 adopted an amphipathic α-helical conformation. The bactericidal mechanism of TC-14 involved targeting and disrupting the bacterial membrane, leading to rapid membrane permeabilization and rupture. Furthermore, TC-14 exhibited a high-safety profile, as evidenced by the absence of cytotoxic and hemolytic activities, as well as high biocompatibility and safety in vivo. Of note, its potent antimicrobial activity provided significant protection in a murine model of skin infection. Overall, this study presents TC-14 as a promising drug candidate for antimicrobial drug development.

Association between all-cause mortality and vascular complications in U.S. adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (NHANES 1999-2018).

AIMS: The impact of macrovascular and microvascular complications, the common vascular complications of type 2 diabetes, on long-term mortality has been well evaluated, but the impact of different complications of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (diagnosed within the past 2 years) on long-term mortality has not been reported. We aimed to investigate the relationship between all-cause mortality and vascular complications in U.S. adults (aged ≥ 20 years) with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We used data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES). Cox proportional hazard models was used to assess hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals for all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 928 participants were enrolled in this study. At a mean follow-up of 10.8 years, 181 individuals died. In the fully adjusted model, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of all-cause mortality for individuals with any single complication compared with those with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes without complications was 2.24 (1.37, 3.69), and for individuals with two or more complications was 5.34 (3.01, 9.46).Co-existing Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) at baseline were associated with the highest risk of death (HR 6.07[2.92-12.62]), followed by CKD and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR 4.98[2.79-8.89]) and CVD and DR (HR 4.58 [1.98-10.57]). CONCLUSION: The presence of single and combined diabetes complications exerts a long-term synergistic adverse impact on overall mortality in newly diagnosed U.S. adults with type 2 diabetes, underscoring the importance of comprehensive complication screening to enhance risk stratification and treatment.

Elevated RACGAP1 Expression Enhances Malignant Potential in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Serves as a Prognostic Factor.

Background: While RACGAP1 is identified as a potential oncogene, its specific role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. Methods: First, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the role of RACGAP1 across 33 types of cancer. Subsequently, we investigated the expression levels of RACGAP1 and its impact on prognosis using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We utilized single-cell sequencing data to explore the tumor-related processes of RACGAP1 in LUAD and validated our findings through experimental verification. Employing a consensus clustering (CC) approach, we subdivided LUAD patients into two subtypes based on RACGAP1 cell cycle-related genes (RrCCGs). These subtypes exhibited significant differences in tumor characteristics, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence. Furthermore, we evaluated the prognostic influence of RrCCGs using univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression models (LASSO), successfully establishing a prognostic model. Results: RACGAP1 is frequently overexpressed in various tumors and can impact the prognosis of patients with LUAD. Additionally, experimental evidence has demonstrated that low expression of RACGAP1 favors tumor cell apoptosis and restoration of the cell cycle, while high expression promotes invasion and metastasis. Through CC analysis of RrCCGs, patients were classified into two groups, with survival analysis revealing distinct prognoses and stages between the two groups. Furthermore, Cox and LASSO regression successfully constructed a prognostic model with robust predictive capability.

One-pot conversion of xylose to 1,2-pentanediol catalyzed by an organic acid-assisted Pt/NC in aqueous phase.

The direct synthesis of 1,2-pentanediol (1,2-PeD) from renewable xylose and its derivatives derived from hemicellulose is appealing yet challenging due to its low selectivity for the target product. In this study, one-pot catalytic conversion of xylose to 1,2-PeD was performed by using nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) supported Pt catalysts with the assistance of organic acids. A remarkable yield of 49.3% for 1,2-PeD was achieved by reacting 0.1869 g xylose in 30 mL water at 200 °C under a hydrogen pressure of 3 MPa for 8 h in the presence of 0.1 g of 2.5Pt/NC600 catalyst and 0.1869 g propanoic acid co-catalyst. The presence of vicinal Pt-acid pair sites on the surface of the 2.5Pt/NC600 catalyst exhibited a synergistic effect in promoting the hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol intermediate and subsequent hydrogenation and ring-opening reactions leading to the formation of 1,2-PeD. The addition of organic acids, may serve as both acid catalyst for dehydration of xylose and hydrogen donor for hydrogenation of furfural and furfuryl alcohol, thereby promoting the one-pot conversion of xylose to 1,2-PeD. Remarkably, the 2.5Pt/NC600 catalyst demonstrated outstanding catalytic performance and good reusability over five consecutive cycles without significant deactivation.

Identification of a major QTL underlying sugar content in peanut kernels based on the RIL mapping population.

High sugar content in peanut seeds is one of the major breeding objectives for peanut flavor improvement. In order to explore the genetic control of sugar accumulation in peanut kernels, we constructed a recombinant inbred line population of 256 F2:6-7 lines derived from the Luhua11 × 06B16 cross. A high-resolution genetic map was constructed with 3692 bin markers through whole genome re-sequencing. The total map distance was 981.65 cM and the average bin marker distance was 0.27cM. A major stable QTL region (qSCB09/qSSCB09) was identified on linkage group (LG) B09 associated with both sucrose content (SC) and soluble sugar content (SSC) explaining 21.51-33.58% phenotypic variations. This major QTL region was consistently detected in three environments and mapped within a physical interval of 1.56 Mb on chromosome B09, and six candidate genes were identified. These results provide valuable information for further map-based cloning of favorable allele for sugar content in peanut.

LASSO-derived nomogram for early identification of pediatric monogenic lupus.

BACKGROUND: Monogenic lupus is defined as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)/SLE-like patients with either dominantly or recessively inherited pathogenic variants in a single gene with high penetrance. However, because the clinical phenotype of monogenic SLE is extensive and overlaps with that of classical SLE, it causes a delay in diagnosis and treatment. Currently, there is a lack of early identification models for clinical practitioners to provide early clues for recognition. Our goal was to create a clinical model for the early identification of pediatric monogenic lupus, thereby facilitating early and precise diagnosis and treatment for patients. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study consisted of 41 cases of monogenic lupus treated at the Department of Pediatrics at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from June 2012 to December 2022. The control group consisted of classical SLE patients recruited at a 1:2 ratio. Patients were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group at a 7:3 ratio. A logistic regression model was established based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to generate the coefficient plot. The predictive ability of the model was evaluated using receiver operator characteristic curves and the area under the curve (AUC) index. RESULTS: A total of 41 cases of monogenic lupus patients and 82 cases of classical SLE patients were included. Among the monogenic lupus cases (with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.05 and ages of onset ranging from birth to 15 years), a total of 18 gene mutations were identified. The variables included in the coefficient plot were age of onset, recurrent infections, intracranial calcifications, growth and developmental delay, abnormal muscle tone, lymphadenopathy/hepatosplenomegaly, and chilblain-like skin rash. Our model demonstrated satisfactory diagnostic performance through internal validation, with an AUC value of 0.97 (95% confidence interval = 0.92-0.97). CONCLUSIONS: We summarized and analyzed the clinical characteristics of pediatric monogenic lupus and developed a predictive model for early identification by clinicians. Clinicians should exercise high vigilance for monogenic lupus when the score exceeds - 9.032299.

Effect of pericapsular nerve group block and suprainguinal fascia iliaca block on postoperative analgesia and stress response in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty: a prospective randomized controlled double-blind trial.

BACKGROUND: As a novel regional analgesic technique, ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block has some potential advantages, and we designed a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to investigate whether the ultrasound-guided PENG block combined with general anesthesia can better reduce stress response, maintain intraoperative hemodynamic stability, and reduce postoperative analgesia in elderly hip arthroplasty compared with ultrasound-guided suprainguinal fascia iliaca block (SIFIB) combined with general anesthesia. METHODS: Seventy-four subjects were enrolled over an 8-month period (20 April 2023 to 31 December 2023). All patients were divided into the test group (group P) and the control group (group S) using the envelope as the randomization method. The test group was treated with preoperative ultrasound-guided PENG block analgesia combined with general anesthesia and the control group was treated with preoperative ultrasound-guided SIFIB analgesia combined with general anesthesia. The primary outcome selected was the patient Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score at 12 h postoperatively. RESULTS: After generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis, there was a statistically significant difference in the main effect of postoperative VAS score in group P compared with group S (P = 0.009), the time effect of VAS score in each group was significantly different (P < 0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference in the group-time interaction effect (P = 0.069). There was no statistically significant difference in the main effect of intraoperative mean arterial pressure (MAP) change (P = 0.911), there were statistically significant differences in the time effect of MAP in each group (P < 0.001), and there were statistically significant differences in the interaction effect (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we can conclude that in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, postoperative analgesia is more pronounced, intraoperative hemodynamic parameters are more stable, and intraoperative stress is less induced in patients receiving SIFIB than in patients receiving PENG block.

The consumption of lard oil during pregnancy and postpartum periods has negative effects on cognitive function by altering the fatty acid profile and activating neuroinflammation via calcium signaling pathway in the maternal mice brain.

It has been suggested that dietary intake of lipids and fatty acids may influence cognitive function, however, the effect of lard intake during pregnancy and postpartum periods on cognitive function of mother remains to be elucidated. We investigated the effect and mechanism of consuming soybean oil (SO), the mixed oil of lard and soybean oil at the ratio of 1:1 (LS) and lard oil (LO) during the pregnancy and postpartum periods on cognitive function of the maternal mice. All pregnant C57BL/6JNifdc mice were fed with soybean oil diet during day 0-10 (the day when vaginal plugs appeared in female mice was recorded as day 0), and then randomly assigned to SO, LS and LO groups (n = 10) from day 11 to day 44. The time in center zone and the number of times to enter in center zone were significantly higher in the SO group than in the LO group detected by the open-field test. The levels of neuroglial cells, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex and pyroptosis related proteins in brain of the LO group were significantly higher than those in the SO group. RNA-sequencing results showed that the calcium signaling pathway related genes in brain, including Adcy8, Ntsr1, Trhr, Oxtr, Htr5b and Camk2d levels significantly higher in the LO group than in the SO group. Lipidomic analysis indicated that PG 18:2_18:2, PG 20:5_22:6, and CL 12:0_16:0_22:3_22:5 of glycerophospholipid metabolism in brain significantly connected with Htr5b of calcium signaling pathway. In conclusion, the intake of lard during the pregnancy and postpartum periods is detrimental to the cognitive function of maternal mice, which probably due to changes in the composition of fatty acid in the brain, thereby activating neuroinflammation via calcium signaling pathway in brain.

Current status and influencing factors of fear of surgery in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and severity of surgical fear in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors. METHODS: The survey participants were composed of patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors, who were scheduled to undergo surgery. A general information questionnaire, the Surgical Fear Questionnaire (SFQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 score were used for the investigation. RESULTS: A total of 203 patients were investigated. Among them, 85.22% had fear of surgery. The median score of SFQ was 20, and the quartile was (6, 36). The patients were categorized into none, mild, moderate, and severe groups according fear level. Gender, diabetes, obvious discomfort before surgery, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores were the variables with statistical difference in each fear level. Multifactor analysis showed that women were more likely to have moderate and severe fear than men (OR=2.19, P=0.03; OR=2.72, P=0.01), patients with obvious preoperative discomfort symptoms were more inclined to have no fear (OR=4.73, P=0.02), and patients with diabetes were more likely to have severe fear (OR=3.33, P=0.02). The incidence rates of depression and anxiety were 31.03% and 24.63%, respectively. The incidence of anxiety and depression in patients with severe fear was 40.00%. Surgical fear was moderately positively correlated with anxiety (r=0.491, P<0.001) and depression (r=0.514, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The fear of surgery in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors is common and distributed in all levels. Medical staff can screen and assess patients with moderate and severe fear of surgery in accordance with the influencing factors and implement targeted interventions to reduce fear of surgery, anxiety, and depression on the basis of the source of fear.

Plant-based fascia tissues: Exploring materials and techniques for realistic simulation.

The growing demand for sustainable and ethical food options has led to significant advancements in plant-based meat substitutes (PBMS). PBMS have made considerable progress in simulating the taste, texture, and sensory properties of animal meat. Connective tissue is a fundamental component of animal meat that significantly influences tenderness, texture, and sensory properties. However, the imitation of realistic connective tissues has received relatively less attention in the PBMS industry. The current work focuses on exploring materials and techniques for the replication of plant-based connective tissues (PBCT). By understanding the structural and functional characteristics of animal connective tissues (ACT), it is possible to replicate these characteristics in PBCT. Hydrogels, with their ability to simulate certain properties of ACT, present a viable material for the creation of PBCT. To achieve the desired simulation, their mechanical and structural properties need to be enhanced by using several materials and several physical techniques.

Single Nucleus Total RNA Sequencing of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Gliomas.

Gliomas, the predominant form of brain cancer, comprise diverse malignant subtypes with limited curative therapies available. The insufficient understanding of their molecular diversity and evolutionary processes hinders the advancement of new treatments. Technical complexities associated with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) clinical samples hinder molecular-level analyses of gliomas. Current single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) platforms are inadequate for large-scale clinical applications. In this study, automated snRandom-seq is developed, a high-throughput single-nucleus total RNA sequencing platform optimized for archival FFPE samples. This platform integrates automated single-nucleus isolation and droplet barcoding systems with the random primer-based scRNA-seq chemistry, accommodating a broad spectrum of sample types. The automated snRandom-seq is applied to analyze 116 492 single nuclei from 17 FFPE samples of various glioma subtypes, including rare clinical samples and matched primary-recurrent glioblastomas (GBMs). The study provides comprehensive insights into the molecular characteristics of gliomas at the single-cell level. Abundant non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with distinct expression profiles across different glioma clusters and uncovered promising recurrence-related targets and pathways in primary-recurrent GBMs are identified. These findings establish automated snRandom-seq as a robust tool for scRNA-seq of FFPE samples, enabling exploration of molecular diversities and tumor evolution. This platform holds significant implications for large-scale integrative and retrospective clinical research.