Unilateral complete fibular dimelia and diplopodia: A case report and literature review.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: We present a case of Congenital fibular dimelia or fibula duplication with tibial hypoplasia, talar duplication and diplopodia with two complete pre-axial rays. This association has not been published in the literature to our knowledge. We discuss the unique features and surgical management of this rare condition. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is a 3 year old child with congenital unilateral fibular dimelia, tibial hypoplasia, talar duplication and diplopodia who presented to us with leg length discrepancy and progressive equinovarus deformation of the right foot and ankle. She was surgically treated by excision of the medial two rays, cuneiforms, navicular, duplicate talus, os calcis and medial accessory fibula with reconstruction of the ankle joint capsule and foot reconstruction. DISCUSSION: Due to the rarity of the condition there is no described treatment protocol. It was decided to do resection taking in consideration of the disabling and unsightly progressive deformity. CONCLUSION: The case presented is a very rare of type of duplication deformity which we believe to be unique. The surgical treatment has been performed due to progressive deformity based on principles of management. Future follow up to observe growth and development of the lower limb joints, especially the ankle, as well as treatment for leg length equalization will be required.

A rare case of mobile diplopodia mistaken for polydactyly.

We present a rare case of a mobile diplopodia in an infant with disorganization syndrome. This was initially mistaken for polydactyly due to the more typical association between these conditions. The resulting corrective surgery was more extensive and complicated than anticipated, with the removal of a partial foot duplication and reconstruction of residual hindfoot structures, rather than the planned digit amputation. We highlight the association of diplopodia with disorganization syndrome, discuss differentiating diplopodia from polydactyly and describe the surgical management of an unusual case.

Congenital diplopodia-A rare case of duplicated lower limb: A case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Diplopodia is an extremely rare case in medical history, with an even fewer cases being reported in literature. We intended to enrich the literature about diplopodia with our own case report. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case about A boy, aged one year and four months old brought by his mother to the hospital with a chief complaint of a duplicated foot in his right lower leg. Physical examination demonstrated a normal left lower extremity and a relatively well-developed duplicate foot emanating from the posterior-lateral aspect of the mid-lower right leg. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Diplopodia consists of partial duplication of the foot, with or without hypoplasia or positional abnormality of the ipsilateral tibia and fibula. It must be differentiated from polydactyly where the additional structures consist of toes that may or may not have corresponding metatarsals but are devoid of tarsal bone. Treatment should be considered case-by-case basis and tailored appropriately to suit individual needs and circumstances. CONCLUSION: In our case, operative treatment was done at an early walking age to provide plantigrade, functional foot. Timely surgical intervention will enable patient to adapt over time. The secondary aim is to reconstruct the foot to be more acceptable aesthetically.

Nine toes; Mirror Foot Deformity.

Mirror foot is a very rare congenital anomaly, with only a few papers presenting definitive treatment for this entity. There are limited management recommendations. Most cases are treated before walking age. In our case, there were no associated developmental defects of the leg. The child underwent complex rays resection with medial foot reconstruction. After 7.5 years of followup, definitive surgical treatment was performed with satisfactory cosmetic and functional outcome.

A distinctive presentation of diplopodia: a Y-metatarsal combining the extra foot and the extra digit of the main foot.

Diplopodia is a rare congenital anomaly and has been described as extra digits, metatarsals, and tarsal bones that form an extra foot or foot-like structure. Various skeletal deformities and anomalies involving other organ systems can accompany diplopodia. Treatment consists of surgery, splinting, and physical therapy, planned according to each patient's specific condition. We present a patient who had diplopodia with distinctive anatomic features (with postaxial polydactyly and without any anomaly of the tibia or fibula) compared with the previously reported cases, and concomitant anomalies, including left renal agenesis and anal atresia.