[Portuguese health and medicine during the first quarter of the twentieth century through the lenses of Jorge Marçal da Silva]. / A saúde e a medicina portuguesas no primeiro quartel do século XX pelas lentes de Jorge Marçal da Silva.

This paper aims at illustrating the panorama of health and medicine in Portugal in the first quarter of the twentieth century using the photographic collection of Jorge Marçal da Silva, a doctor and amateur photographer, which has been preserved by his family. From his collection, we have chosen a selection of photographs that illustrate the modus vivendi of the Portuguese population, in the rural interior, on the fishing coast and in city life, as well as some that depict hospital environments and medical care in the capital, in order to reflect on their importance as a source for the historiographical reflection on the history of Portuguese medicine in the 1900s.

Este trabalho pretende ilustrar o panorama da saúde e da medicina em Portugal no primeiro quartel do século XX a partir do espólio fotográfico de Jorge Marçal da Silva, médico e fotógrafo amador, que tem sido preservado pela família. Da sua coleção, escolhemos uma seleção de fotografias que ilustram o modus vivendi da população portuguesa, no interior rural, no litoral piscatório e na vida citadina, bem como algumas das que retratam os ambientes hospitalares e a assistência médica na capital, no sentido de reflectir sobre a sua importância como fonte de reflexão historiográfica para a história da medicina portuguesa de Novecentos.

Editorial - Venturing into the Depths of Historical Perspectives in Dentistry & Medicine.

With this volume of the Journal of the History of Dentistry we are proud to introduce to our readers and our healing professions, in-depth Essays that focuses on our historical evolution. One might ask, "What is an Essay and Why is This Unique?" The simplest definition of an essay is a non-fictional written work that focuses on a particular subject, sometimes in general terms and sometimes in depth. The word "essay" is derived from the French word "essai," (or as a collection "Essais) meaning trial or attempt. The first use of this approach to address a particular issue has often been attributed to the Frenchman Michel de Montaigne, born in 1533 (Fig. 1).

In COVID Times: Scholars of Health and Medicine Meet Disaster Studies.

This essay builds on the exciting trove of disaster social science research surfacing since the earliest days of the COVID-19 pandemic. It tracks the ways that both practitioners of medicine and public health, and their social science analogues, have approached the pandemic, explicitly considering the ways they reached for new concepts to explain the temporal phenomena presented by COVID-19 and its global course. The essay highlights a series of interviews conducted in the first two years of the pandemic as part of the COVIDCalls podcast. COVID is the moment for a scholarly convergence that was missed after September 11, and again after Hurricane Katrina, and should not be missed again. Accordingly, this essay explores themes where medicine/health studies and disaster studies seem to offer great help to one another in making sense of our COVID times: the origins of disaster, disasters in combination, and the end of a disaster.

Aspectos de la vida y obra del Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay / Aspects of the life and work of Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay

Con motivo del Día Mundial de la Ciencia y la Tecnología, se realizó en la Casa Museo Bernardo Houssay un conversatorio en el que expertos biógrafos resaltaron algunos aspectos de la trayectoria profesional del Premio Nobel de Medicina de 1947, destacando su actividad como investigador en fisiología y sus cualidades humanas. Estos importantes estudiosos del tema compartieron sus conocimientos en un selecto auditorio. (AU)

On the occasion of World Science and Technology Day, a discussion was held at the Bernardo Houssay House Museum in which expert biographers highlighted some aspects of the professional career of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Medicine, highlighting his activity as a researcher in physiology and his human qualities. These important scholars of the subject shared their knowledge in a select audience. (AU)

Oscar V. Mallo. Pionero de la cirugía plástica infantil argentina / Oscar V. Mallo. Pioneer of argentine children's plastic surgery

Oscar Venancio Mallo (05/08/1928-16/01/2024) es considerado un pionero de la cirugía plástica infantil argentina. Organizó el primer Servicio de cirugía plástica infantil del país, en el Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez" en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. El prestigio de este Servicio traspasó nuestras fronteras y allí se formaron numerosos especialistas argentinos y latinoamericanos. Reconoció como sus principales maestros argentinos a José E. Rivarola en cirugía infantil y a Héctor Marino en cirugía plástica. Se describen algunos aspectos biográficos, su carrera profesional y su legado

Oscar Venancio Mallo (05/08/1928-16/01/2024) is considered a pioneer of Argentine children's plastic surgery. He organized the first Children's Plastic Surgery Service in the country, at the "Ricardo Gutiérrez" Children's Hospital in Buenos Aires City. The prestige of this Service crossed our borders and numerous Argentine and Latin American specialists were trained. He recognized José E. Rivarola in children's surgery and Héctor Marino in plastic surgery as his main Argentine teachers. Some biographical aspects, his professional career and his legacy are described.

Eloísa Díaz en el Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Medicina, Santiago 1901 / Eloísa Díaz in the First Latin American Congress of Medicine, Santiago 1901

Revisando el segundo volumen de actas del Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Medicina, reunido en Santiago los nueve primeros días del siglo XX, encontramos una conferencia de Eloísa Díaz, primera mujer chilena y latinoamericana en graduarse de médico, pese a la discriminación sufrida, que la obligó incluso a asistir a clases acompañada por su madre. Se analiza tanto esta conferencia sobre la organización del servicio médico escolar, como la introducción a su tesis de grado, y de paso las presentaciones de otros médicos participantes, haciendo hincapié en la patología infecciosa discutida y en su lenguaje verboso y florido.

Analyzing the second volume of proceedings of the First Latin American Congress of Medicine held in Santiago on the first nine days of the twentieth century, we found a lecture by Eloísa Díaz, the first Chilean and Latin American woman to graduate as a doctor, despite the discrimination she suffered, which even forced her to attend classes accompanied by her mother. This conference on the school medical service is analyzed, as well as the introduction to her degree thesis, and incidentally the presentations of other participating doctors, emphasizing the infectious pathology discussed and its verbose and flowery language.

El verdadero origen histórico del trauma cardíaco penetrante / The true historical origin of penetrating cardiac trauma

Introducción. Los traumatismos cardíacos son lesiones graves y con elevado índice de letalidad, aspecto que influye en el interés mostrado por los lectores cada vez que aparecen reportados en publicaciones científicas. En ocasiones existe cierto grado de incongruencia a la hora de establecer el origen histórico de sucesos o eventos ocurridos y relacionados con la historia de la medicina. En el caso del trauma cardíaco penetrante han sido descritos diversos orígenes en algunos de los artículos científicos publicados, lo cual puede generar un grado de duda en los lectores. Métodos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura, médica y no médica, para buscar información que ayudara a esclarecer el verdadero origen histórico de esta entidad. Resultados. El trauma cardíaco penetrante fue descrito por primera vez en la obra griega titulada La Ilíada, escrita por Homero en el siglo VIII A.C., y no en El papiro quirúrgico de Edwin Smith, como varios autores mencionan. Conclusiones. De todos los eventos de trauma cardíaco penetrante descritos, el más irrefutable es el narrado en el canto XIII, donde se cuenta la muerte de Alcátoo, producto de una herida cardíaca ocasionada por una lanza arrojada por Idomeneo durante una batalla

Introduction. Cardiac traumatic injuries are serious injuries with a high lethality rate, an aspect that influences the interest shown by readers each time they appear reported in scientific publications. Sometimes there is a certain degree of inconsistency when it comes to establishing the historical origin of occurrences or events related to the history of medicine. In the case of penetrating cardiac trauma, different origins have been described in some of the published scientific articles, which may generate a degree of doubt in the readers. Methods. A review of the medical and non-medical literature was carried out to seek information that would help to clarify the true historical origin of this entity. Results. Penetrating cardiac trauma was first described in a Greek work entitled The Iliad, written by Homer in the 8th century B.C., and not in The Surgical Papyrus of Edwin Smith as several authors mention. Conclusions. Of all the events of penetrating cardiac trauma described, the most irrefutable is the one narrated in canto XIII, where it recounts the death of Alcathous product of a cardiac wound caused by a spear thrown by Idomeneo during a battle.

Un acercamiento al devenir histórico de la especialidad de Laboratorio Clínico en Villa Clara / An approach to the historical development of the Clinical Lab specialty in Villa Clara

Introducción: el conocimiento de la historia es necesario para dejar constancia del origen y desarrollo de las diferentes especialidades en Villa Clara. Objetivo: exponer una síntesis de elementos históricos sobre la especialidad de Laboratorio Clínico en Villa Clara, posterior al triunfo de la Revolución cubana y la evolución de dicha especialidad. Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con análisis crítico-reflexivo sobre el contenido de los documentos. Fueron revisados los archivos de la especialidad, libros y materiales afines al tema tratado, se realizaron entrevistas al personal de laboratorio clínico para indagar sobre años anteriores y hasta la actualidad; se incluyeron las tesis de doctorado, maestrías, artículos originales y de revisión publicados entre 2005 y 2019 en español e inglés. La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases de datos SciELO y Google académico entre enero y marzo de 2020. Desarrollo: se expuso el devenir histórico de la referida especialidad en Villa Clara y los profesionales que participaron, se mostraron aspectos sobre la formación de los recursos humanos, la evolución de la especialidad y los nuevos retos. Conclusiones: se socializaron algunos elementos históricos sobre la especialidad de Laboratorio Clínico en Villa Clara, en la etapa posterior al triunfo de la Revolución cubana como reconocimiento a todos aquellos que contribuyeron al inicio y desarrollo de dicha especialidad que hoy cumple con los estándares de calidad exigidos.

Introduction: knowledge of history is necessary to record the origin and development of the different specialties in Villa Clara. Objective: present a synthesis of historical elements about the specialty of Clinical Laboratory in Villa Clara, after the triumph of the Cuban Revolution and the evolution of said specialty. Methods: a bibliographic review was carried out with reflective critical analysis of the content of the bibliographies. The files of the specialty, books and materials related to the topic discussed were reviewed, interviews were conducted with clinical laboratory personnel to inquire about previous years and up to the present; Doctoral theses, master's degrees, original and review articles published from 2005 to 2019 in Spanish and English were included. The search was carried out in the SciELO and Google academic databases from January to March 2020. Development: the historical development of the specialty in Villa Clara and the professionals who participated were explained, aspects of the training of human resources, the evolution of the specialty and the new challenges were shown. Conclusions: some historical elements were socialized about the specialty of Clinical Laboratory in Villa Clara, in the stage after the triumph of the Cuban Revolution in recognition of all those who contributed to the beginning and development of said specialty that today meets the required quality standards.

Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS®): a success history and particularities of its use in Brazil

Abstract BI-RADS® is a standardization system for breast imaging reports and results created by the American College of Radiology to initially address the lack of uniformity in mammography reporting. The system consists of a lexicon of descriptors, a reporting structure with final categories and recommended management, and a structure for data collection and auditing. It is accepted worldwide by all specialties involved in the care of breast diseases. Its implementation is related to the Mammography Quality Standards Act initiative in the United States (1992) and breast cancer screening. After its initial creation in 1993, four additional editions were published in 1995, 1998, 2003 and 2013. It is adopted in several countries around the world and has been translated into 6 languages. Successful breast cancer screening programs in high-income countries can be attributed in part to the widespread use of BI-RADS®. This success led to the development of similar classification systems for other organs (e.g., lung, liver, thyroid, ovaries, colon). In 1998, the structured report model was adopted in Brazil. This article highlights the pioneering and successful role of BI-RADS®, created by ACR 30 years ago, on the eve of publishing its sixth edition, which has evolved into a comprehensive quality assurance tool for multiple imaging modalities. And, especially, it contextualizes the importance of recognizing how we are using BI-RADS® in Brazil, from its implementation to the present day, with a focus on breast cancer screening.