First aid intervention with mothers/caregivers of children affected by the Zika virus in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Children with microcephaly associated with the Zika virus are more likely to develop choking and apnea, so it is necessary that mothers of this population receive first aid training to cope with emergency situations that their children may experience. OBJECTIVE: To understand how an educational first aid intervention with mothers/caregivers of Brazilian children with congenital Zika virus syndrome impacts their management of seizures and choking. METHOD: A qualitative study conducted in a philanthropic institution with ten mothers/caregivers of children with congenital Zika virus syndrome. Data were collected between August and November 2018 through four focus groups with two meetings for intervention/educational workshops in first aid on situations of choking and seizure. After one month, two more meetings were held to evaluate the effectiveness of this action performed at home. The empirical material was submitted to Content Analysis, and discussed in the light of Paulo Freire's Pedagogy of Autonomy. RESULTS: The mothers/caregivers performed ineffective and harmful behaviors to the children in situations of choking and seizure before the intervention. Thus, the intervention empowered these caregivers through an exchange of experiences which began to present discernment, autonomy, resolving capacity and confidence to act in these experienced situations. They also became knowledge disseminators for family members and neighbors. CONCLUSION: The educational intervention can have satisfactory results in training mothers/caregivers in first aid, highlighting the importance of this initiative to reduce the morbidity and mortality of children who experience choking and seizures.

Neurodevelopment in the third year of life in children with antenatal ZIKV-exposure

ABSTRACT We report cognitive, language and motor neurodevelopment, assessed by the Bayley-III test, in 31 non-microcephalic children at age 3 with PCR-confirmed maternal Zika virus exposure (Rio de Janeiro, 2015-2016). Most children had average neurodevelopmental scores, however, 8 children (26%) presented delay in some domain. Language was the most affected: 7 children (22.6%) had a delay in this domain (2 presenting severe delay). Moderate delay was detected in the cognitive (3.2%) and motor (10%) domains. Maternal illness in the third trimester of pregnancy and later gestational age at birth were associated with higher Bayley-III scores. Zika-exposed children require long-term follow-up until school age.

"Very busy": daily reorganization of mothers to care of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the experiences and care practices of mothers of children with congenital Zika syndrome. METHODS: A qualitative study with collection held in Feira de Santana - Bahia, between September and November 2017, from in-depth interviews and Story-Drawing with 11 family members of children, using thematic content analysis. RESULTS: Mothers take care from experiences with health professionals and groups of mothers. They reorganize themselves in order to optimize time, streamline domestic activities, teach family members, and navigate care spaces. They experience the routine organizing the home, taking care of the children and, specifically, the child with syndrome, referring to: bedtime; giving a shower; changing diapers; feeding; playing; and, stimulating, actions mediated by intense crying and environmental preparation. CONCLUSION: The experiences are unique and exceptional, conforming the social representation of the mothers as a group, the "mothers of micro", an aspect that differs from other experiences.

"Very busy": daily reorganization of mothers to care of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome / "Muy ocupada": reorganización diaria de las madres para cuidar a niños con Síndrome Congénito del Zika / "Bem corrido": reorganização cotidiana das mães para cuidar de crianças com Síndrome Congênita pelo Zika

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experiences and care practices of mothers of children with congenital Zika syndrome. Methods: A qualitative study with collection held in Feira de Santana - Bahia, between September and November 2017, from in-depth interviews and Story-Drawing with 11 family members of children, using thematic content analysis. Results: Mothers take care from experiences with health professionals and groups of mothers. They reorganize themselves in order to optimize time, streamline domestic activities, teach family members, and navigate care spaces. They experience the routine organizing the home, taking care of the children and, specifically, the child with syndrome, referring to: bedtime; giving a shower; changing diapers; feeding; playing; and, stimulating, actions mediated by intense crying and environmental preparation. Conclusion: The experiences are unique and exceptional, conforming the social representation of the mothers as a group, the "mothers of micro", an aspect that differs from other experiences.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias y prácticas de atención de las madres de niños con síndrome congénito por Zika. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo con recolección de datos realizada en Feira de Santana - Bahía, entre septiembre y noviembre de 2017, a partir de entrevistas en profundidad y Story-Drawing con 11 familiares de niños, utilizando análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Las madres cuidan a partir de las experiencias con profesionales de la salud y grupos de madres. Se reorganizan para optimizar el tiempo, agilizar las actividades domésticas, enseñar a los integrantes de la familia y navegar por los espacios de atención. Experimentan la rutina organizando el hogar, cuidando a los niños y, específicamente, al niño con síndrome, refiriéndose a: la hora de acostarse; el baño; el cambio de pañales; la comida, los juegos y la estimulación, acciones mediadas por llanto intenso y preparación ambiental. Conclusión: Las experiencias son únicas y excepcionales, conformando así la representación social de las madres como grupo, las "madres de micro", un aspecto que difiere de otras experiencias.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender as experiências e práticas de cuidado das mães de crianças com Síndrome Congênita pelo Zika. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo com coleta realizada em Feira de Santana - Bahia, entre setembro e novembro de 2017, a partir de entrevistas em profundidade e Desenho Estória-Tema com 11 familiares das crianças, utilizando a análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: As mães cuidam a partir das experiências com profissionais de saúde e grupos de mães. Elas se reorganizam para otimizar o tempo, agilizar as atividades domésticas, ensinar aos familiares e percorrer os espaços de cuidado. Experienciam a rotina organizando o domicílio, cuidando dos filhos e, especificamente, da criança com síndrome, referentes à: ninar; dar banho; trocar fraldas; alimentar; brincar; e, estimular, ações mediadas por choro intenso e preparação do ambiente. Conclusão: As experiências são únicas e singulares, conformando a representação social das mães enquanto grupo, as "mães de micro", aspecto que difere de outras experiências.

Depressive Symptoms and Care Demands Among Primary Caregivers of Young Children with Evidence of Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that caring for a child with special health care needs can affect many domains of family life, including caregiver mental health. However, few studies have examined these outcomes among families impacted by the Zika virus (ZIKV). This study examines depressive symptom severity and care demands among primary caregivers of children, aged 15 to 26 months, with evidence of congenital Zika virus infection (ZVI). METHODS: A sample of primary caregivers of children with evidence of congenital ZVI in northeastern Brazil (n = 150) reported on depressive symptoms, care demands, and their children's development. Children were categorized into groups according to their developmental delay status. Bivariate analyses were run to test for differences between groups. A path analysis model was used to examine the indirect effects of developmental delay on depressive symptoms through economic challenges and time spent providing health care at home and whether these associations varied by child care support. RESULTS: Compared to primary caregivers of children without developmental delay, primary caregivers of children with developmental delay had higher depression scores (p = 0.002), reported more economic (p < 0.001) and child care (p < 0.001) challenges, and spent more time providing health care at home (p < 0.001). Among primary caregivers who did not have child care support, developmental delay had a significant indirect effect on depressive symptoms through economic challenges but not through time spent providing health care at home. CONCLUSION: For families impacted by the ZIKV outbreak in Brazil, economic and child care challenges may be associated with primary caregiver mental health.

Risk prevention key in tackling Zika virus.

Mosquito-borne infection, especially Zika virus, is a major public health concern. Infection usually occurs in young adults and asymptomatic infection is more common in older people ( Wiwanitkit and Wiwanitkit 2016 ). Possible natural immunity in older people must be studied further.

Nursing on the Zika front line.

Paediatric nurse Roberta Seabra quickly and quietly takes control when the mother of baby Graziella breaks down. Ushering visitors from the room, she reassures Inabela Souza about her six-month-old daughter, who has been born with an abnormally small head and brain - one of 5,000 babies thought to be affected by microcephaly in Brazil.

Alerts for Nurse Practitioners: Caring for Pregnant Women with Zika Virus.

There have been 3,625 cases of Zika virus in the United States and 22,069 cases in the U.S. Territories (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016a). As a result, Zika virus is rapidly becoming a major health problem in certain areas of the United States. The CDC is reporting valuable data and clinical recommendations almost every month. With this rapid dissemination of information, it is difficult for most health-care providers to keep up. Therefore, this article was written to provide health-care providers with the most current information (as of September, 2016)for managing patients with Zika virus.