Do tinted spectacle lens wearers have a different personality?

The wearing of tinted spectacle lenses is considered by some health care workers to be a marker of psychopathology or a hypochondriacal personality type. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between the wearing of tinted spectacle lenses and personality type in physically healthy subjects. The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire 5th Edition, a multidimensional standardized self-report inventory, was used to determine the personality type of 98 participants. Twenty currently wore tinted spectacle lenses for reasons other than ocular disease, sun protection, outdoor or indoor glare reduction, pattern sensitive epilepsy, migraines, reading difficulties or fashion. The remainder did not wear tinted spectacle lenses for any purpose other than sun protection. Tinted lens wear and no tinted lens wear groups were age and gender matched. There was no statistically significant difference in five global personality factors between the no-tint and tint groups: extraversion (p = 0.31), anxiety (p = 0.75), tough-mindedness (p = 0.96), independence (p = 0.63), and self-control (p = 0.87). This suggests that the use of tinted lenses by physically healthy people is unlikely to be an indicator of personality type.

Personality comparison of airline pilot incumbents, applicants, and the general population norms on the 16PF.

Personality comparisons using Cattell's 16PF were made between 137 pilot incumbents, 81 pilot applicants, and the general population norms. No significant differences were found between the scores on the personality factors for the Pilot Incumbents and the Pilot Applicants. Further, the incumbents and applicants who had previous military training versus those who did not had highly similar personalities. However, on nearly every personality factor a significant difference was found between the general population norms and the sample of Pilot Incumbents and Applicants. The Pilot Incumbent/Applicant group scored significantly more intelligent, emotionally stable, and mature in comparison to the general population norms. We believe that it is the high-risk nature of this occupation that leads applicants, wishing to pursue this field, to assess very carefully their own person-job fit and self-select themselves, thus ultimately producing this very distinct "pilot personality profile" described in 1995 by Bartram.

[The personality of children with repeated nose injuries]. / Cechy osobowosci u dzieci z powtarzajacymi sie urazami nosa.

Clinical observations of children hospitalised due to head injuries made us try to define some features of personality characteristic for this group of children. The examinations of 63 children aged 8-12 were carried out with R.B. Porter and R.B. Cattell test: What do you like doing? and What do you like to think about?. This method facilitates selection of 14 personality traits. The results proved that personalities tested in the group included the following dominating characteristics: aggressiveness, great excitability, and IQ exceeding average.

Cattell 16 personality profiles of patients following closed-head injuries.

The personality scores from Cattell's 16 PF for 188 patients who had been referred for neuropsychological assessment following motor vehicle incidents were analyzed as a function of the severity of neuropsychological impairment (Halstead-Reitan Index) and time since the injury. Patients who were impaired (Index > 0.4) exhibited lower scores on Factor B (moe concrete thinking), Factor E (more submissive), and Factor F (more cautious) than patients who were not impaired. The presence of impairment accommodated only 10% of the variance in Factor E scores, associated with the largest group difference. There were no significant differences between scores on any of the personality factors, verbal intelligence, or standardized reading ability as a function of time since the injury.

[Personality of healthy volunteers. Normality and paradox]. / La personnalité du volontaire sain. Normalité et paradoxe.

The personality characteristics of 62 subjects to be screened for eligibility in psychopharmacology studies have been assessed. The psychological screening comprised the Cattell anxiety scale (CAS), the Eysenck Personality inventory (EPI) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in its complete version (550 items). The comparison of the results to a population matched for age and status showed that the anxiety level was not different, extraversion factor was higher (p less than 0.001) and various personality traits were different. The most striking differences were observed on the factors: Psychopathic deviation, Mania, Schizophrenia greater than controls and social introversion lower than controls. These differences may evoke several biases, such as a recruitment bias or a specific personality pattern of young healthy subjects. In order to discuss these hypothesis, further comparisons with other centers are required to conclude.

An alternative "description of personality": the big-five factor structure.

In the 45 years since Cattell used English trait terms to begin the formulation of his "description of personality," a number of investigators have proposed an alternative structure based on 5 orthogonal factors. The generality of this 5-factor model is here demonstrated across unusually comprehensive sets of trait terms. In the first of 3 studies, 1,431 trait adjectives grouped into 75 clusters were analyzed; virtually identical structures emerged in 10 replications, each based on a different factor-analytic procedure. A 2nd study of 479 common terms grouped into 133 synonym clusters revealed the same structure in 2 samples of self-ratings and in 2 samples of peer ratings. None of the factors beyond the 5th generalized across the samples. In the 3rd study, analyses of 100 clusters derived from 339 trait terms suggest their potential utility as Big-Five markers in future studies.