RESUMO
In this study, we used a bioinformatic approach to construct a miRNA-target gene interaction network potentially involved in the anabolic effect of parathyroid hormone analogue teriparatide [PTH (1-34)] on osteoblasts. We extracted a dataset of 26 microRNAs (miRNAs) from previously published studies and predicted miRNA target interactions (MTIs) using four software tools: DIANA, miRWalk, miRDB, and TargetScan. By constructing an interactome of PTH-regulated miRNAs and their predicted target genes, we elucidated signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, the Hippo signaling pathway, and the TGF-beta signaling pathway as the most significant pathways in the effects of PTH on osteoblasts. Furthermore, we constructed intersection of MTI networks for these three pathways and added validated interactions. There are 8 genes present in all three selected pathways and a set of 18 miRNAs are predicted to target these genes, according to literature data. The most important genes in all three pathways were BMPR1A, BMPR2 and SMAD2 having the most interactions with miRNAs. Among these miRNAs, only miR-146a-5p and miR-346 have validated interactions in these pathways and were shown to be important regulators of these pathways. In addition, we also propose miR-551b-5p and miR-338-5p for further experimental validation, as they have been predicted to target important genes in these pathways but none of their target interactions have yet been verified. Our wet-lab experiment on miRNAs differentially expressed between PTH (1-34) treated and untreated mesenchymal stem cells supports miR-186-5p from the literature obtained data as another prominent miRNA. The meticulous selection of miRNAs outlined will significantly support and guide future research aimed at discovering and understanding the crucial pathways of osteoanabolic PTH-epigenetic effects on osteoblasts. Additionally, they hold potential for the discovery of new PTH target genes, innovative biomarkers for the effectiveness and safety of osteoporosis-affected treatment, as well as novel therapeutic targets.
Assuntos
Biologia Computacional , MicroRNAs , Osteoblastos , Hormônio Paratireóideo , MicroRNAs/genética , Osteoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Hormônio Paratireóideo/farmacologia , Humanos , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Teriparatida/farmacologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Arsenic is a toxic metalloid that can cause acute and chronic adverse health problems. Unfortunately, rice, the primary staple food for more than half of the world's population, is generally regarded as a typical arsenic-accumulating crop plant. Evidence indicates that arsenic stress can influence the growth and development of the rice plant, and lead to high concentrations of arsenic in rice grain. But the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS: In the present research, the possible molecules and pathways involved in rice roots in response to arsenic stress were explored using bioinformatics methods. Datasets that involving arsenic-treated rice root and the "study type" that was restricted to "Expression profiling by array" were selected and downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the arsenic-treated group and the control group were obtained using the online web tool GEO2R. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed to investigate the functions of DEGs. The protein-protein interactions (PPI) network and the molecular complex detection algorithm (MCODE) of DEGs were analyzed using STRING and Cystoscope, respectively. Important nodes and hub genes in the PPI network were predicted and explored using the Cytoscape-cytoHubba plug-in. RESULTS: Two datasets, GSE25206 and GSE71492, were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Eighty common DEGs from the two datasets, including sixty-three up-regulated and seventeen down-regulated genes, were then selected. After functional enrichment analysis, these common DEGs were enriched mainly in 10 GO items, including glutathione transferase activity, glutathione metabolic process, toxin catabolic process, and 7 KEGG pathways related to metabolism. After PPI network and MCODE analysis, 49 nodes from the DEGs PPI network were identified, filtering two significant modules. Next, the Cytoscape-cytoHubba plug-in was used to predict important nodes and hub genes. Finally, five genes [Os01g0644000, PRDX6 (Os07g0638400), PRX112 (Os07g0677300), ENO1(Os06g0136600), LOGL9 (Os09g0547500)] were verified and could serve as the best candidates associated with rice root in response to arsenic stress. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we elucidated the potential pathways and genes in rice root in response to arsenic stress through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.
Assuntos
Arsênio , Oryza , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas , Oryza/genética , Arsênio/toxicidade , Biologia Computacional , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Raízes de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Raízes de Plantas/genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Ontologia GenéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Tianhe Zhuifeng Gao (TZG) is an authorized Chinese patent drug with satisfying clinical efficacy, especially for RA patients with cold-dampness syndrome. However, its underlying pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. METHOD: Anti-arthritic effects of TZG were evaluated using an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model. Transcriptional regulatory network analysis based on synovial tissues obtained from AIA rats, combining with our previous analysis based on whole blood samples from RA patients with cold-dampness syndrome and co-immunoprecipitation were performed to identify involved dominant pathways, which were experimentally verified using AIA-wind-cold-dampness stimulation modified (AIA-M) animal model. RESULTS: TZG treatment dramatically attenuated joint injury and inflammatory response in AIA rats, and PSMC2-RUNX2-COL1A1 axis, which was closely associated with bone/cartilage damage, was inferred to be one of therapeutic targets of TZG against RA. Experimentally, TZG displayed obvious pharmacological effects for alleviating the joint inflammation and destruction through reinstating the body weight, reducing the arthritis score, the limbs diameters, the levels of RF and CRP, and the inflammatory cytokines, recovering the thymus and spleen indexes, diminishing bone and cartilage destruction, as well elevating the pain thresholds of AIA-M rats. In addition, TZG markedly reversed the abnormal energy metabolism in AIA-M rats through enhancing articular temperature, daily water consumption, and regulating expression levels of energy metabolism parameters and hormones. Moreover, TZG also significantly modulated the abnormal expression levels of PSMC2, RUNX2 and COL1A1 proteins in the ankle tissues of AIA-M rats. CONCLUSION: TZG may exert the bone protective effects in RA therapy via regulating bone and cartilage damage-associated PSMC2-RUNX2-COL1A1 axis.
Assuntos
Artrite Experimental , Artrite Reumatoide , Cadeia alfa 1 do Colágeno Tipo I , Colágeno Tipo I , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Animais , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Ratos , Humanos , Masculino , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Colágeno Tipo I/metabolismo , Colágeno Tipo I/genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/genética , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/metabolismo , Cartilagem/metabolismo , Cartilagem/patologia , Cartilagem/efeitos dos fármacos , Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Osso e Ossos/patologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most commonplace gynecological malignancies. This study explored the effects of resveratrol (RES) on OC cell proliferation and apoptosis. Proliferation activity was measured for A2780 cells treated with RES for 24 h and 48 h at concentrations of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, and 300 µM. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to analyze the circular RNA (circRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression spectrum. The differentially expressed genes included 460 circRNAs, 1988 miRNAs, and 1671 mRNAs, and they were subjected to analyses including Gene Ontology, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Reactome enrichment. We selected signaling pathways enriched in the cell processes by mRNA KEGG, comprehensively analyzed the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, and verified several miRNAs expressed in the regulatory network diagram using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The data showed that the cell proliferation of A2780 cells treated with RES for 24 h or 48 h decreased with increasing concentrations of RES. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network that we constructed provides new insights into the ability of RES to inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in A2780 cells.
Assuntos
Proliferação de Células , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , MicroRNAs , Neoplasias Ovarianas , RNA Circular , RNA Mensageiro , Resveratrol , Resveratrol/farmacologia , Humanos , RNA Circular/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Ovarianas/genética , Neoplasias Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/genética , Feminino , Ontologia GenéticaRESUMO
Obesity, a chronic, preventable disease, has significant comorbidities that are associated with a great human and financial cost for society. The aim of the present work is to reconstruct the interactomes of non-hereditary obesity to highlight recent advances of its pathogenesis, and discover potential therapeutic targets. Obesity and biological-clock-related genes and/or gene products were extracted from the biomedical literature databases PubMed, GeneCards and OMIM. Their interactions were investigated using STRING v11.0 (a database of known and predicted physical and indirect associations among genes/proteins), and a high confidence interaction score of >0.7 was set. We also applied virtual screening to discover natural compounds targeting obesity- and circadian-clock-associated proteins. Two updated and comprehensive interactomes, the (a) stress- and (b) inflammation-induced obesidomes involving 85 and 93 gene/gene products of known and/or predicted interactions with an average node degree of 9.41 and 10.8, respectively, were produced. Moreover, 15 of these were common between the two non-hereditary entities, namely, ADIPOQ, ADRB2/3, CCK, CRH, CXCL8, FOS, GCG, GNRH1, IGF1, INS, LEP, MC4R, NPY and POMC, while phelligridin E, a natural product, may function as a potent FOX1-DBD interaction blocker. Molecular networks may contribute to the understanding of the integrated regulation of energy balance/obesity pathogenesis and may associate chronopharmacology schemes with natural products.
Assuntos
Obesidade , Humanos , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológico , Obesidade/metabolismo , Obesidade/genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Simulação por Computador , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas/efeitos dos fármacos , Fármacos Antiobesidade/farmacologia , Fármacos Antiobesidade/uso terapêutico , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Relógios Circadianos/genética , Relógios Circadianos/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, incurable, and aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Early MCL diagnosis and treatment is critical and puzzling due to inter/intra-tumoral heterogeneity and limited understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. We developed and applied a multifaceted analysis of selected publicly available transcriptomic data of well-defined MCL stages, integrating network-based methods for pathway enrichment analysis, co-expression module alignment, drug repurposing, and prediction of effective drug combinations. We demonstrate the "butterfly effect" emerging from a small set of initially differentially expressed genes, rapidly expanding into numerous deregulated cellular processes, signaling pathways, and core machineries as MCL becomes aggressive. We explore pathogenicity-related signaling circuits by detecting common co-expression modules in MCL stages, pointing out, among others, the role of VEGFA and SPARC proteins in MCL progression and recommend further study of precise drug combinations. Our findings highlight the benefit that can be leveraged by such an approach for better understanding pathobiology and identifying high-priority novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, drug targets, and efficacious combination therapies against MCL that should be further validated for their clinical impact.
Assuntos
Reposicionamento de Medicamentos , Linfoma de Célula do Manto , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/genética , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/metabolismo , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/patologia , Humanos , Reposicionamento de Medicamentos/métodos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteonectina/metabolismo , Osteonectina/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Transcriptoma , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/farmacologiaRESUMO
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd), known for its high toxicity, poses a grave threat to human health through the food chain. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant internal modification, regulates plant adaptation to various adversities, yet the panorama of m6A modifications in switchgrass under cadmium stress remains elusive. This study examines the physiological responses of switchgrass roots and shoots exposed to 50 µM CdCl2, alongside an overview of transcriptome-wide m6A methylation patterns. After cadmium treatment, methylation modifications are primarily enriched near stop codons and the 3'UTR region, with a negative correlation between m6A modification and gene expression levels. In shoots, approximately 58 % of DEGs with m6A modifications show upregulation in expression and decrease in m6A peaks, including zinc transporter 4-like (ZIP4). In roots, about 43 % of DEGs with m6A modifications exhibit downregulation in expression and increase in m6A peaks, such as the ABC transporter family member (ABCG25). We further validate the m6A enrichment, gene expression and mRNA stability of ZIP4 in response to Cd treatment. The results suggest that the negative correlation of m6A enrichment and gene expression is due to altered mRNA stability. Our study establishes an m6A regulatory network governing cadmium transport in switchgrass roots and shoots, offering new avenues for candidate gene manipulation in phytoremediation applications of heavy metal pollution.
Assuntos
Cádmio , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Panicum , Raízes de Plantas , Transcriptoma , Transcriptoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Cádmio/toxicidade , Panicum/genética , Panicum/efeitos dos fármacos , Panicum/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Metilação , Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Adenosina/metabolismo , Estresse Fisiológico , Brotos de Planta/efeitos dos fármacos , Brotos de Planta/metabolismo , Brotos de Planta/genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismoRESUMO
Anesthesia serves as a pivotal tool in modern medicine, creating a transient state of sensory deprivation to ensure a pain-free surgical or medical intervention. While proficient in alleviating pain, anesthesia significantly modulates brain dynamics, metabolic processes, and neural signaling, thereby impairing typical cognitive functions. Furthermore, anesthesia can induce notable impacts such as memory impairment, decreased cognitive function, and diminished intelligence, emphasizing the imperative need to explore the concealed repercussions of anesthesia on individuals. In this investigation, we aggregated gene expression profiles (GSE64617, GSE141242, GSE161322, GSE175894, and GSE178995) from public repositories following second-generation sequencing analysis of various anesthetics. Through scrutinizing post-anesthesia brain tissue gene expression utilizing Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA), and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), this research aims to pinpoint pivotal genes, pathways, and regulatory networks linked to anesthesia. This undertaking not only enhances comprehension of the physiological changes brought about by anesthesia but also lays the groundwork for future investigations, cultivating new insights and innovative perspectives in medical practice.
Assuntos
Algoritmos , Anestésicos , Encéfalo , Humanos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Anestésicos/farmacologia , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Transcriptoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Transcriptoma/genética , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Perfilação da Expressão GênicaRESUMO
Under changing climatic conditions, plants are simultaneously facing conflicting stresses in nature. Plants can sense different stresses, induce systematic ROS signals, and regulate transcriptomic, hormonal, and stomatal responses. We performed transcriptome analysis to reveal the integrative stress response regulatory mechanism underlying heavy metal stress alone or in combination with heat and drought conditions in pitaya (dragon fruit). A total of 70 genes were identified from 31,130 transcripts with conserved differential expression. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified trait-associated modules. By integrating information from three modules and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, we identified 10 interconnected genes associated with the multifaceted defense mechanism employed by pitaya against co-occurring stresses. To further confirm the reliability of the results, we performed a comparative analysis of 350 genes identified by three trait modules and 70 conserved genes exhibiting their dynamic expression under all treatments. Differential expression pattern of genes and comparative analysis, have proven instrumental in identifying ten putative structural genes. These ten genes were annotated as PLAT/LH2, CAT, MLP, HSP, PB1, PLA, NAC, HMA, and CER1 transcription factors involved in antioxidant activity, defense response, MAPK signaling, detoxification of metals and regulating the crosstalk between the complex pathways. Predictive analysis of putative candidate genes, potentially governing single, double, and multifactorial stress response, by several signaling systems and molecular patterns. These findings represent a valuable resource for pitaya breeding programs, offering the potential to develop resilient "super pitaya" plants.
Assuntos
Frutas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Frutas/genética , Frutas/efeitos dos fármacos , Frutas/metabolismo , Vanádio/farmacologia , Estresse Fisiológico/genética , Caragana/genética , Caragana/fisiologia , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Secas , Transcriptoma/genética , Transcriptoma/efeitos dos fármacos , CactaceaeRESUMO
Therapeutic interventions are designed to perturb the function of a biological system. However, there are many types of proteins that cannot be targeted with conventional small molecule drugs. Accordingly, many identified gene-regulatory drivers and downstream effectors are currently undruggable. Drivers and effectors are often connected by druggable signaling and regulatory intermediates. Methods to identify druggable intermediates therefore have general value in expanding the set of targets available for hypothesis-driven validation. Here we identify and prioritize potential druggable intermediates by developing a network perturbation theory, termed NetPert, for response functions of biological networks. Dynamics are defined by a network structure in which vertices represent genes and proteins, and edges represent gene-regulatory interactions and protein-protein interactions. Perturbation theory for network dynamics prioritizes targets that interfere with signaling from driver to response genes. Applications to organoid models for metastatic breast cancer demonstrate the ability of this mathematical framework to identify and prioritize druggable intermediates. While the short-time limit of the perturbation theory resembles betweenness centrality, NetPert is superior in generating target rankings that correlate with previous wet-lab assays and are more robust to incomplete or noisy network data. NetPert also performs better than a related graph diffusion approach. Wet-lab assays demonstrate that drugs for targets identified by NetPert, including targets that are not themselves differentially expressed, are active in suppressing additional metastatic phenotypes.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Biologia Computacional , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Humanos , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Biológicos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , FemininoRESUMO
While myelodysplastic syndromes with del(5q) (del(5q) MDS) comprises a well-defined hematological subgroup, the molecular basis underlying its origin remains unknown. Using single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) on CD34+ progenitors from del(5q) MDS patients, we have identified cells harboring the deletion, characterizing the transcriptional impact of this genetic insult on disease pathogenesis and treatment response. Interestingly, both del(5q) and non-del(5q) cells present similar transcriptional lesions, indicating that all cells, and not only those harboring the deletion, may contribute to aberrant hematopoietic differentiation. However, gene regulatory network (GRN) analyses reveal a group of regulons showing aberrant activity that could trigger altered hematopoiesis exclusively in del(5q) cells, pointing to a more prominent role of these cells in disease phenotype. In del(5q) MDS patients achieving hematological response upon lenalidomide treatment, the drug reverts several transcriptional alterations in both del(5q) and non-del(5q) cells, but other lesions remain, which may be responsible for potential future relapses. Moreover, lack of hematological response is associated with the inability of lenalidomide to reverse transcriptional alterations. Collectively, this study reveals transcriptional alterations that could contribute to the pathogenesis and treatment response of del(5q) MDS.
Assuntos
Antígenos CD34 , Deleção Cromossômica , Cromossomos Humanos Par 5 , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Lenalidomida , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas , Análise de Célula Única , Humanos , Lenalidomida/farmacologia , Lenalidomida/uso terapêutico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/genética , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/tratamento farmacológico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/patologia , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Cromossomos Humanos Par 5/genética , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hematopoese/efeitos dos fármacos , Hematopoese/genética , Transcriptoma , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , RNA-Seq , Perfilação da Expressão GênicaRESUMO
Aluminum (Al) toxicity severely restricts the growth and productivity of elephant grass in acidic soils around the world. However, the molecular mechanisms of Al response have not been investigated in elephant grass. In this study, we conducted phenotype, physiology, and transcriptome analysis of elephant grass roots in response to Al stress. Phenotypic analysis revealed that a low concentration of Al stress improved root growth while higher Al concentrations inhibit root growth. Al stress significantly increased the citrate (CA) content in roots, while the expression levels of genes related to citrate synthesis were substantially changed. The multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family were identified as hub genes in the co-expression network of Al response in elephant grass roots. Phylogenetic analysis showed that hub genes CpMATE93 and CpMATE158 belonged to the same clade as other MATE genes reported to be involved in citrate transport. Additionally, overexpression of CpMATE93 conferred Al resistance in yeast cells. These results provide a theoretical basis for further studies of molecular mechanisms in the elephant grass response to Al stress and could help breeders develop elite cultivars with Al tolerance.
Assuntos
Alumínio , Raízes de Plantas , Poaceae , Raízes de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Raízes de Plantas/genética , Alumínio/toxicidade , Poaceae/genética , Poaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Poaceae/metabolismo , Poaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Transcriptoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Filogenia , Estresse Fisiológico , Ácido Cítrico/metabolismoRESUMO
Given the insidious and high-fatality nature of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the emergence of fluoride as a newly identified risk factor demands serious consideration alongside traditional risk factors. While vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a pivotal role in the progression of CVDs, the toxicological impact of fluoride on VSMCs remains largely uncharted. In this study, we constructed fluorosis model in SD rats and A7R5 aortic smooth muscle cell lines to confirm fluoride impaired VSMCs. Fluoride aggravated the pathological damage of rat aorta in vivo. Then A7R5 were exposed to fluoride with concentration ranging from 0 to 1200 µmol/L over a 24-h period, revealing a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. The further metabolomic analysis showed alterations in metabolite profiles induced by fluoride exposure, notably decreasing organic acids and lipid molecules level. Additionally, gene network analysis underscored the frequency of fluoride's interference with amino acids metabolism, potentially impacting the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Our results also highlighted the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters pathway as a central element in VSMC impairment. Moreover, we observed a dose-dependent increase in osteopontin (OPN) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) mRNA level and a dose-dependent decrease in ABC subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) and bestrophin 1 (BEST1) mRNA level. These findings advance our understanding of fluoride as a CVD risk factor and its influence on VSMCs and metabolic pathways, warranting further investigation into this emerging risk factor.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos , Proliferação de Células , Fluoretos , Músculo Liso Vascular , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Animais , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Músculo Liso Vascular/patologia , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fluoretos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Aorta/patologia , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aorta/metabolismo , Metabolômica , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/patologia , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Neurodegenerative disorders are affecting millions of people worldwide, impacting the healthcare system of our society. Among them, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by severe cognitive impairments. Neuropathological hallmarks of AD are ß-amyloid (Aß) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, as well as endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria dysfunctions, which finally lead to apoptosis and neuronal loss. Since, to date, there is no definitive cure, new therapeutic and prevention strategies are of crucial importance. In this scenario, cannabinoids are deeply investigated as promising neuroprotective compounds for AD. In this study, we evaluated the potential neuroprotective role of cannabinerol (CBNR) in an in vitro cellular model of AD via next-generation sequencing. We observed that CBNR pretreatment counteracts the Aß-induced loss of cell viability of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, a network-based transcriptomic analysis revealed that CBNR restores normal mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum functions in the AD model. Specifically, the most important genes regulated by CBNR are related mainly to oxidative phosphorylation (COX6B1, OXA1L, MT-CO2, MT-CO3), protein folding (HSPA5) and degradation (CUL3, FBXW7, UBE2D1), and glucose (G6PC3) and lipid (HSD17B7, ERG28, SCD) metabolism. Therefore, these results suggest that CBNR could be a new neuroprotective agent helpful in the prevention of AD dysfunctions.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides , Canabinoides , Retículo Endoplasmático , Mitocôndrias , Humanos , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Doença de Alzheimer/genética , Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Retículo Endoplasmático/metabolismo , Retículo Endoplasmático/efeitos dos fármacos , Canabinoides/farmacologia , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Chaperona BiP do Retículo Endoplasmático , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Transcriptoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Transcriptoma/genética , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Modelos Biológicos , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Sarcopenia is a major public health concern among older adults, leading to disabilities, falls, fractures, and mortality. This study aimed to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia and identify potential therapeutic targets using systems biology approaches. RNA-seq data from muscle biopsies of 24 sarcopenic and 29 healthy individuals from a previous cohort were analysed. Differential expression, gene set enrichment, gene co-expression network, and topology analyses were conducted to identify target genes implicated in sarcopenia pathogenesis, resulting in the selection of 6 hub genes (PDHX, AGL, SEMA6C, CASQ1, MYORG, and CCDC69). A drug repurposing approach was then employed to identify new pharmacological treatment options for sarcopenia (clofibric-acid, troglitazone, withaferin-a, palbociclib, MG-132, bortezomib). Finally, validation experiments in muscle cell line (C2C12) revealed MG-132 and troglitazone as promising candidates for sarcopenia treatment. Our approach, based on systems biology and drug repositioning, provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of sarcopenia and offers potential new treatment options using existing drugs.
Assuntos
Reposicionamento de Medicamentos , Sarcopenia , Biologia de Sistemas , Humanos , Sarcopenia/tratamento farmacológico , Sarcopenia/metabolismo , Sarcopenia/genética , Reposicionamento de Medicamentos/métodos , Idoso , Animais , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Músculo Esquelético/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Feminino , Linhagem Celular , Troglitazona , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Leupeptinas/farmacologia , Leupeptinas/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Cells respond divergently to drugs due to the heterogeneity among cell populations. Thus, it is crucial to identify drug-responsive cell populations in order to accurately elucidate the mechanism of drug action, which is still a great challenge. Here, we address this problem with scRank, which employs a target-perturbed gene regulatory network to rank drug-responsive cell populations via in silico drug perturbations using untreated single-cell transcriptomic data. We benchmark scRank on simulated and real datasets, which shows the superior performance of scRank over existing methods. When applied to medulloblastoma and major depressive disorder datasets, scRank identifies drug-responsive cell types that are consistent with the literature. Moreover, scRank accurately uncovers the macrophage subpopulation responsive to tanshinone IIA and its potential targets in myocardial infarction, with experimental validation. In conclusion, scRank enables the inference of drug-responsive cell types using untreated single-cell data, thus providing insights into the cellular-level impacts of therapeutic interventions.
Assuntos
Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Análise de Célula Única , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Análise de Célula Única/métodos , Meduloblastoma/genética , Meduloblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Meduloblastoma/patologia , RNA-Seq/métodos , Animais , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/genética , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/tratamento farmacológico , Transcriptoma/genética , Transcriptoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Infarto do Miocárdio/genética , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Análise da Expressão Gênica de Célula ÚnicaRESUMO
Resistance to olaparib is the major obstacle in targeted therapy for ovarian cancer (OC) with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis), prompting studies on novel combination therapies to enhance olaparib efficacy. Despite identifying various mechanisms, understanding how OC cells acquire PARPi resistance remains incomplete. This study investigated microRNA (miRNA) expression in olaparib-sensitive (PEO1, PEO4) and previously established olaparib-resistant OC cell lines (PEO1-OR) using high-throughput RT-qPCR and bioinformatic analyses. The role of miRNAs was explored regarding acquired resistance and resensitization with the ATR/CHK1 pathway inhibitors. Differentially expressed miRNAs were used to construct miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks and perform functional enrichment analyses for target genes with miRNet 2.0. TCGA-OV dataset was analyzed to explore the prognostic value of selected miRNAs and target genes in clinical samples. We identified potential processes associated with olaparib resistance, including cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle, and growth factor signaling. Resensitized PEO1-OR cells were enriched in growth factor signaling via PDGF, EGFR, FGFR1, VEGFR2, and TGFßR, regulation of the cell cycle via the G2/M checkpoint, and caspase-mediated apoptosis. Antibody microarray analysis confirmed dysregulated growth factor expression. The addition of the ATR/CHK1 pathway inhibitors to olaparib downregulated FGF4, FGF6, NT-4, PLGF, and TGFß1 exclusively in PEO1-OR cells. Survival and differential expression analyses for serous OC patients revealed prognostic miRNAs likely associated with olaparib resistance (miR-99b-5p, miR-424-3p, and miR-505-5p) and resensitization to olaparib (miR-324-5p and miR-424-3p). Essential miRNA-mRNA interactions were reconstructed based on prognostic miRNAs and target genes. In conclusion, our data highlight distinct miRNA profiles in olaparib-sensitive and olaparib-resistant cells, offering molecular insights into overcoming resistance with the ATR/CHK1 inhibitors in OC. Moreover, some miRNAs might serve as potential predictive signature molecules of resistance and therapeutic response.
Assuntos
Proteínas Mutadas de Ataxia Telangiectasia , Proteína BRCA2 , Quinase 1 do Ponto de Checagem , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , MicroRNAs , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Ftalazinas , Piperazinas , RNA Mensageiro , Humanos , Ftalazinas/farmacologia , Ftalazinas/uso terapêutico , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Feminino , Piperazinas/farmacologia , Piperazinas/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/genética , Neoplasias Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Quinase 1 do Ponto de Checagem/metabolismo , Quinase 1 do Ponto de Checagem/genética , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Mutadas de Ataxia Telangiectasia/metabolismo , Proteínas Mutadas de Ataxia Telangiectasia/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Proteína BRCA2/genética , Proteína BRCA2/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential mechanisms of Chinese herbs for the treatment of insomnia using a combination of data mining, network pharmacology, and molecular-docking validation. All the prescriptions for insomnia treated by the academician Qi Wang from 2020 to 2022 were collected. The Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform v2.3 was used to identify high-frequency Chinese medicinal herbs and the core prescription. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and UniProt databases were utilized to predict the effective active components and targets of the core herbs. Insomnia-related targets were collected from 4 databases. The intersecting targets were utilized to build a protein-protein interaction network and conduct gene ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis using the STRING database, Cytoscape software, and clusterProfiler package. Gene chip data (GSE208668) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The limma package was applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between insomnia patients and healthy controls. To create a "transcription factor (TF)-miRNA-mRNA" network, the differentially expressed miRNAs were entered into the TransmiR, FunRich, Targetscan, and miRDB databases. Subsequently, the overlapping targets were validated using the DEGs, and further validations were conducted through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Among the 117 prescriptions, 65 herbs and a core prescription were identified. Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis revealed that active components such as ß-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and canadine acted on hub targets, including interleukin-6, caspase-3, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. In GSE208668, 6417 DEGs and 7 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. A "TF-miRNA-mRNA" network was constructed by 4 "TF-miRNA" interaction pairs and 66 "miRNA-mRNA" interaction pairs. Downstream mRNAs exert therapeutic effects on insomnia by regulating circadian rhythm. Molecular-docking analyses demonstrated good docking between core components and hub targets. Molecular dynamics simulation displayed the strong stability of the complex formed by small molecule and target. The core prescription by the academician Qi Wang for treating insomnia, which involves multiple components, targets, and pathways, showed the potential to improve sleep, providing a basis for clinical treatment of insomnia.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , MicroRNAs , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Farmacologia em Rede , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/tratamento farmacológico , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/genética , Humanos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/métodos , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Mineração de Dados , Fatores de Transcrição/genéticaRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide and interact closely with each other. Danhong Injection (DHI) is a widely used preparation for the co-treatment of brain and heart diseases (CTBH). However, the underlying molecular endotype mechanisms of DHI in the CTBH remain unclear. AIM OF THIS STUDY: To elucidate the underlying endotype mechanisms of DHI in the CTBH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we proposed a modular-based disease and drug-integrated analysis (MDDIA) strategy for elucidating the systematic CTBH mechanisms of DHI using high-throughput transcriptome-wide sequencing datasets of DHI in the treatment of patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and cerebral infarction (CI). First, we identified drug-targeted modules of DHI and disease modules of SAP and CI based on the gene co-expression networks of DHI therapy and the protein-protein interaction networks of diseases. Moreover, module proximity-based topological analyses were applied to screen CTBH co-module pairs and driver genes of DHI. At the same time, the representative driver genes were validated via in vitro experiments on hypoxia/reoxygenation-related cardiomyocytes and neuronal cell lines of H9C2 and HT22. RESULTS: Seven drug-targeted modules of DHI and three disease modules of SAP and CI were identified by co-expression networks. Five modes of modular relationships between the drug and disease modules were distinguished by module proximity-based topological analyses. Moreover, 13 targeted module pairs and 17 driver genes associated with DHI in the CTBH were also screened. Finally, the representative driver genes AKT1, EDN1, and RHO were validated by in vitro experiments. CONCLUSIONS: This study, based on clinical sequencing data and modular topological analyses, integrated diseases and drug targets. The CTBH mechanism of DHI may involve the altered expression of certain driver genes (SRC, STAT3, EDN1, CYP1A1, RHO, RELA) through various enriched pathways, including the Wnt signaling pathway.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Mapas de Interação de Proteínas , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Animais , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Transcriptoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos Cardíacos/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , InjeçõesRESUMO
AIMS: This study aims to investigate the pharmacological effects and the underlying mechanism of cannabidiol (CBD) on methamphetamine (METH)-induced relapse and behavioral sensitization in male mice. METHODS: The conditioned place preference (CPP) test with a biased paradigm and open-field test were used to assess the effects of CBD on METH-induced relapse and behavioral sensitization in male mice. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis was employed to identify differential expressed (DE) circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of mice, and the interaction among them was predicted using competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network analysis. RESULTS: Chronic administration of CBD (40 mg/kg) during the METH withdrawal phase alleviated METH (2 mg/kg)-induced CPP reinstatement and behavioral sensitization in mice, as well as mood and cognitive impairments following behavioral sensitization. Furthermore, 42 DEcircRNAs, 11 DEmiRNAs, and 40 DEmRNAs were identified in the NAc of mice. The circMeis2-miR-183-5p-Kcnj5 network in the NAc of mice is involved in the effects of CBD on METH-induced CPP reinstatement and behavioral sensitization. CONCLUSIONS: This study constructed the ceRNAs network for the first time, revealing the potential mechanism of CBD in treating METH-induced CPP reinstatement and behavioral sensitization, thus advancing the application of CBD in METH use disorders.