An analysis of cardiac mortality in patients with new-onset end-stage renal disease in New York State.

ABSTRACT

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with an overall one-year mortality of 23.5% in the US, of which cardiac causes constitute 50% of all deaths. Data on incident ESRD patients were obtained from the Health Care Financing Administration's 2728 and 2746 forms by special request from the ESRD Network of New York. 4,948 ESRD patients, who started dialysis in New York State from April 1, 1995, through April 1, 1996, were assessed to identify risk factors present at the initiation of dialysis that predict cardiac death. 899 deaths were registered during the 19-month-follow-up period, 50% of which were from cardiac causes. Using the Cox-proportional hazards model, the increasing age category, white race, the presence of one or more vascular co-morbid conditions, and the presence of diabetes and one or more cardiac co-morbid conditions significantly predicted cardiac death (p < 0.05). Diabetes increased the risk for cardiac death by 48% for those patients without any cardiac co-morbidities (RR = 1.48, p < 0.0082). In contrast with results observed in the general population, gender, serum albumin and body mass index were not significant predictors of cardiac death. In identifying risk factors present at the initiation ofdialysis that predict cardiac death, this study highlights factors that may be modified prior to dialysis initiation in order to improve life expectancy and mortality rates and decrease health care costs for the ESRD population.