[Risk factors for the onset of vasospasm and rebleeding after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage]. / Faktori rizika za nastanak vazospazma i rekrvarenja nakon spontane subarahnoidne hemoragije.

ABSTRACT

Retrospective study comprised 120 patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and risk factors for vasospasm and rebleeding were analyzed. Rebleeding and vasospasm had the same incidence (26.7%). Vasospasm prolonged preoperative and postoperative hospital period (p > or = 0.05) and deteriorated the final treatment outcome (incidence of favorable outcome was decreased from 56.9% to 41.7%). Total rebleeding mortality rate was 62.5% and depended on the clinical state before rebleeding (p < 0.05). Risk factors for vasospasm were poor clinical condition of a patient after the initial SAH, the period of 5-13 days after hemorrhage (p < 0.01) and aneurysm located on the anterior communicant artery (p < 0.01). Risk factors for rebleeding were poor clinical condition of the patient after the initial SAH, the first 36 hours and the period of 8-11 days after the initial SAH, advanced age of the patient, severe arterial hypertension, vasospasm and aneurysm on the internal carotid artery.