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Stimulus modality and working memory performance in Greek children with reading disabilities: additional evidence for the pictorial superiority hypothesis.
Constantinidou, Fofi; Evripidou, Christiana.
Afiliación
  • Constantinidou F; a Department of Psychology , University of Cyprus , Nicosia , Cyprus.
Child Neuropsychol ; 18(3): 256-80, 2012.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21942734
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effects of stimulus presentation modality on working memory performance in children with reading disabilities (RD) and in typically developing children (TDC), all native speakers of Greek. It was hypothesized that the visual presentation of common objects would result in improved learning and recall performance as compared to the auditory presentation of stimuli. Twenty children, ages 10-12, diagnosed with RD were matched to 20 TDC age peers. The experimental tasks implemented a multitrial verbal learning paradigm incorporating three modalities auditory, visual, and auditory plus visual. Significant group differences were noted on language, verbal and nonverbal memory, and measures of executive abilities. A mixed-model MANOVA indicated that children with RD had a slower learning curve and recalled fewer words than TDC across experimental modalities. Both groups of participants benefited from the visual presentation of objects; however, children with RD showed the greatest gains during this condition. In conclusion, working memory for common verbal items is impaired in children with RD; however, performance can be facilitated, and learning efficiency maximized, when information is presented visually. The results provide further evidence for the pictorial superiority hypothesis and the theory that pictorial presentation of verbal stimuli is adequate for dual coding.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Recuerdo Mental / Dislexia / Memoria a Corto Plazo Límite: Child / Female / Humans / Male País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: Child Neuropsychol Asunto de la revista: NEUROLOGIA / PSICOLOGIA Año: 2012 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Chipre

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Recuerdo Mental / Dislexia / Memoria a Corto Plazo Límite: Child / Female / Humans / Male País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: Child Neuropsychol Asunto de la revista: NEUROLOGIA / PSICOLOGIA Año: 2012 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Chipre
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