Complex trauma to the shoulder girdle, including the proximal humerus, the clavicle, and the scapula: current concepts in diagnosis and treatment.

ABSTRACT

Fractures to the shoulder girdle are common injuries in an aging population. Many techniques and theories lie behind the treatment of such injuries. Knowledge and understanding of current concepts for diagnosing and treating proximal humeral, clavicular, and scapular fractures and the theory behind them will help surgeons make informed decisions with regard to patient care.