Nonlinear diffusion model for annealed proton-exchanged waveguides in zirconium-doped lithium niobate.
Appl Opt
; 55(24): 6559-63, 2016 Aug 20.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27556972
ABSTRACT
Photorefractive-damage- (PRD) resistant zirconium-oxide-doped lithium niobate is investigated as a substrate for the realization of annealed proton-exchanged (APE) waveguides. Its advantages are a favorable distribution coefficient, PRD resistance comparable to magnesium-oxide-doped lithium niobate, and a proton-diffusion behavior resembling congruent lithium niobate. A 1D model for APE waveguides was developed based on a previous model for congruently melting lithium niobate. Evidence for a nonlinear index dependence on concentration was found.
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Appl Opt
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2016
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Article