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Still mesoendemic onchocerciasis in two Cameroonian community-directed treatment with ivermectin projects despite more than 15 years of mass treatment.
Kamga, Guy-Roger; Dissak-Delon, Fanny N; Nana-Djeunga, Hugues C; Biholong, Benjamin D; Mbigha-Ghogomu, Stephen; Souopgui, Jacob; Zoure, Honorat G M; Boussinesq, Michel; Kamgno, Joseph; Robert, Annie.
Afiliación
  • Kamga GR; Ministry of Public Health, N°8, Rue 3038 quartier du Lac, Yaoundé, Cameroon. guyrogerkgr@gmail.com.
  • Dissak-Delon FN; Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), P.O. Box 5797, Yaoundé, Cameroon. guyrogerkgr@gmail.com.
  • Nana-Djeunga HC; Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Faculté de santé publique, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-champs 30 bte B1.30.13 BE-1200, Brussels, Belgium. guyrogerkgr@gmail.com.
  • Biholong BD; Ministry of Public Health, N°8, Rue 3038 quartier du Lac, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
  • Mbigha-Ghogomu S; Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), P.O. Box 5797, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
  • Souopgui J; Institute of Biology of Molecular Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Rue des professeurs Jeener et Brachet 12 BE-6041 Gosselies, Brussels, Belgium.
  • Zoure HG; Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), P.O. Box 5797, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
  • Boussinesq M; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
  • Kamgno J; Ministry of Public Health, N°8, Rue 3038 quartier du Lac, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
  • Robert A; Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
Parasit Vectors ; 9(1): 581, 2016 11 14.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27842567
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

After more than a decade of community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) in Centre and Littoral Regions of Cameroon, onchocerciasis endemicity was still high in some communities according to the 2011 epidemiological evaluations. Some corrective measures were undertaken to improve the CDTI process and therefore reduce the burden of the disease. The objective of the present study was to assess the progress made towards the elimination of onchocerciasis in the Centre 1 and Littoral 2 CDTI projects where the worst performances were found in 2011. To this end, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2015 in eight communities in two health districts (HD), Bafia in Centre 1 and Yabassi in Littoral 2, chosen because assessed at baseline and in 2011. All volunteers living for at least five years in the community, aged five years or more, underwent clinical and parasitological examinations. Individual compliance to ivermectin treatment was also assessed. Analyses of data were weighted proportionally to age and gender distribution in the population.

RESULTS:

In the Bafia and Yabassi HD, 514 and 242 individuals were examined with a mean age of 35.1 (standard deviation, SD 20.7) and 44.6 (SD 16.3) years, respectively. In the Bafia HD, the weighted prevalences varied from 24.4 to 57.0 % for microfilaridermia and from 3.6 to 37.4 % for nodule presence across the surveyed communities. The community microfilarial load (CMFL), expressed in microfilariae/skin snip (mf/ss), significantly dropped from 20.84-114.50 mf/ss in 1991 to 0.31-1.62 mf/ss in 2015 in all the surveyed communities. In the Yabassi HD, the weighted prevalences varied from 12.3 to 59.3 % for microfilaridermia and from 1.5 to 3.7 % for nodule presence across the surveyed communities, while a significant drop was observed in CMFL, from 20.40-28.50 mf/ss in 1999 to 0.48-1.74 mf/ss in 2015. The 2014 weighted therapeutic coverage of participants varied from 65.8 % (95 % CI 58.4-73.2) in Yabassi HD, to 68.0 % (95 % CI 63.3-72.7) in Bafia HD, with important variations among communities.

CONCLUSIONS:

After more than 15 years of CDTI, onchocerciasis is still mesoendemic in the surveyed communities. Further studies targeting therapeutic coverage, socio-anthropological considerations of CDTI implementation and entomological studies would bring more insights to the persistence of the disease as observed in the present study.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Contexto en salud: 3_ND Problema de salud: 3_helminthiasis / 3_neglected_diseases / 3_onchocerciasis Asunto principal: Oncocercosis / Ivermectina / Enfermedades Endémicas / Antiparasitarios Tipo de estudio: Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Animals / Child / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Parasit Vectors Año: 2016 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Camerún

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Contexto en salud: 3_ND Problema de salud: 3_helminthiasis / 3_neglected_diseases / 3_onchocerciasis Asunto principal: Oncocercosis / Ivermectina / Enfermedades Endémicas / Antiparasitarios Tipo de estudio: Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Animals / Child / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Parasit Vectors Año: 2016 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Camerún
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