Large-scale replication study reveals a limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension.
Elife
; 72018 04 03.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29631695
ABSTRACT
Do people routinely pre-activate the meaning and even the phonological form of upcoming words? The most acclaimed evidence for phonological prediction comes from a 2005 Nature Neuroscience publication by DeLong, Urbach and Kutas, who observed a graded modulation of electrical brain potentials (N400) to nouns and preceding articles by the probability that people use a word to continue the sentence fragment ('cloze'). In our direct replication study spanning 9 laboratories (N=334), pre-registered replication-analyses and exploratory Bayes factor analyses successfully replicated the noun-results but, crucially, not the article-results. Pre-registered single-trial analyses also yielded a statistically significant effect for the nouns but not the articles. Exploratory Bayesian single-trial analyses showed that the article-effect may be non-zero but is likely far smaller than originally reported and too small to observe without very large sample sizes. Our results do not support the view that readers routinely pre-activate the phonological form of predictable words.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Lectura
/
Atención
/
Encéfalo
/
Teorema de Bayes
/
Comprensión
/
Lenguaje
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Elife
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Países Bajos