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Habitat-dependent composition of bacterial and fungal communities in biological soil crusts from Oman.
Abed, Raeid M M; Tamm, Alexandra; Hassenrück, Christiane; Al-Rawahi, Ahmed N; Rodríguez-Caballero, Emilio; Fiedler, Sabine; Maier, Stefanie; Weber, Bettina.
Afiliación
  • Abed RMM; Sultan Qaboos University, College of Science, Biology Department, P.O. Box: 36, postal code 123, Al Khoud, Sultanate of Oman. rabed@mpi-bremen.de.
  • Tamm A; Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
  • Hassenrück C; Tropical Marine Microbiology, Department of Biogeochemistry and Geology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Bremen, Germany.
  • Al-Rawahi AN; Sultan Qaboos University, College of Science, Biology Department, P.O. Box: 36, postal code 123, Al Khoud, Sultanate of Oman.
  • Rodríguez-Caballero E; Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
  • Fiedler S; Departamento de Agronomia, Universidad de Almeria, Almería, Spain.
  • Maier S; Johannes Gutenberg-University, Institute for Geography, Mainz, Germany.
  • Weber B; Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
Sci Rep ; 9(1): 6468, 2019 04 23.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31015576
ABSTRACT
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) occur within drylands throughout the world, covering ~12% of the global terrestrial soil surface. Their occurrence in the deserts of the Arabian Peninsula has rarely been reported and their spatial distribution, diversity, and microbial composition remained largely unexplored. We investigated biocrusts at six different locations in the coastal and central deserts of Oman. The biocrust types were characterized, and the bacterial and fungal community compositions of biocrusts and uncrusted soils were analysed by amplicon sequencing. The results were interpreted based on the environmental parameters of the different sites. Whereas at lowland sites, mainly cyanobacteria-dominated biocrusts were observed, both cyanobacteria- and lichen-dominated biocrusts occurred at mountain sites. The majority of bacterial sequences (32-83% of total sequences) belonged to Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, whereas fungal sequences belonged to Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Chytridiomycota (>95%). With biocrust development, a notable increase in cyanobacterial and decrease in actinobacterial proportions was observed for cyanobacteria-dominated crusts. In coastal areas, where salinity is high, biocrusts were replaced by a unique marine mat-like microbial community, dominated by halotolerant taxa. Redundancy analysis revealed a significant contribution of soil texture, cover type, carbon content, and elevation to the variations in bacterial and fungal communities. Multivariate analysis placed microbial communities in significantly separated clusters based on their carbon content, elevation and electrical conductivity. We conclude that Oman hosts a variety of cyanobacteria- and lichen-dominated crusts with their bacterial and fungal communities being largely dictated by soil properties and environmental parameters.
Asunto(s)

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Suelo / Microbiología del Suelo / Bacterias / Biodiversidad / Clima Desértico / Micobioma / Hongos Límite: Animals País/Región como asunto: Asia Idioma: En Revista: Sci Rep Año: 2019 Tipo del documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Suelo / Microbiología del Suelo / Bacterias / Biodiversidad / Clima Desértico / Micobioma / Hongos Límite: Animals País/Región como asunto: Asia Idioma: En Revista: Sci Rep Año: 2019 Tipo del documento: Article
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