Effect of fish-oil supplementation on breastmilk long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration: a randomized controlled trial in rural Ethiopia.
Eur J Clin Nutr
; 75(5): 809-816, 2021 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33159163
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
For infants and young children in low-income settings, human milk (HM) is the main source of omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPs), including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). However, the n-3 LCPs concentrations of HM show wide variability, largely depending on the maternal intake of marine foods. This may put children living far from coastal areas at risk of inadequate intake. We evaluated the efficacy of fish-oil (FO) supplementation of lactating mothers on HM n-3 LCPs concentrations in a rural setting from Ethiopia.METHODS:
Mothers (n = 360) with children 6-12 months old were randomized to receive either intervention FO capsules (215 mg DHA + 285 mg EPA) or control corn-oil capsules (without n-3 LCPs). In a random subsample of 154 participants, we analyzed LCPs in HM and child capillary blood using gas chromatography.RESULTS:
Compared to the control, FO supplementation increased HM concentrations of DHA by 39.0% (95% CI 20.6, 57.5%; P < 0.001) and EPA by 36.2% (95% CI 16.0, 56.4%; P < 0.001), whereas the arachidonic acid (AA)/(DHA + EPA) ratio decreased by 53.5% (95% CI -70.2, -36.7%; P < 0.001). We also found statistically significant association between the changes in (DHA + EPA)/AA ratio in HM and child capillary blood (P < 0.001). However, HM DHA concentrations remained lower than international norms after FO supplementation.CONCLUSIONS:
FO supplementation improves n-3 LCPs content of HM. Future studies should evaluate different doses of n-3 LCPs and consider potential effect modifiers such as genetic polymorphism and diet. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01817634.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Aceites de Pescado
/
Leche Humana
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
Límite:
Adult
/
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Eur J Clin Nutr
Asunto de la revista:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Etiopia