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Prevalence of sickle cell disorders and malaria infection in children aged 1-12 years in the Volta Region, Ghana: a community-based study.
Oppong, Mavis; Lamptey, Helena; Kyei-Baafour, Eric; Aculley, Belinda; Ofori, Ebenezer Addo; Tornyigah, Bernard; Kweku, Margaret; Ofori, Michael F.
Afiliación
  • Oppong M; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.
  • Lamptey H; Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
  • Kyei-Baafour E; Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
  • Aculley B; Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
  • Ofori EA; Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
  • Tornyigah B; Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
  • Kweku M; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.
  • Ofori MF; Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. Mofori@noguchi.ug.edu.gh.
Malar J ; 19(1): 426, 2020 Nov 23.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33228681
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Alterations in the structure of haemoglobin (Hb) are usually brought about by point mutations affecting one or, in some cases, two codons encoding amino acids of the globin chains. One in three Ghanaians are said to have sickle cell disorders, whereas malaria continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality among children. This study determined the prevalence of sickle cell disorders and malaria infection among children aged 1-12 years in the Volta Region.

METHODS:

This was a community-based cross-sectional survey that involved 938 children aged 1-12 years selected from three districts, one each from the 3 geographical zones of the Volta Region using a multistage sampling method. Demographic information was collected using a standard questionnaire and anthropometric indices were measured. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) electrophoresis was used to determine the Hb genotypes and sub-microscopic parasites were determined by PCR.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of sickling screening positive was 16.0% with an overall prevalence of sickle cell disorders being 2.0%. Among the individual genotypes making up the sickle cell disorders, genotype HbSF was the highest (0.9% as compared to 0.2%; HbSS, 0.6%; HbSC and 0.3%; HbSCF). Microscopic Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia was detected among 5.5% of the children and 14.2% sub-microscopic prevalence by PCR. Children with sickle cell disorders were more likely to have sub-microscopic parasitaemia (AOR = 5.51 95%CI (2.15, 14.10), p < 0.001) as well as anaemia (AOR = 3.03 95% CI (1.04, 8.82), p = 0.042), compared to those with normal genotypes. There was no significant difference observed between sickle cell disorders and growth and development of the children screened.

CONCLUSIONS:

Sickle cell disorders were significantly associated with sub-microscopic parasitaemia as well as anaemia in this study. Establishment of sickle cell clinics in the district and regional hospitals will help in the management of children with the disorder and also generate a national database on sickle cell disorders. National neonatal screening policies must also be put in place to help in early detection and management of these disorders.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Contexto en salud: 3_ND Problema de salud: 3_malaria / 3_neglected_diseases / 3_zoonosis Asunto principal: Malaria Falciparum / Parasitemia / Anemia de Células Falciformes Tipo de estudio: Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies / Screening_studies Límite: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Malar J Asunto de la revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Ghana

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Contexto en salud: 3_ND Problema de salud: 3_malaria / 3_neglected_diseases / 3_zoonosis Asunto principal: Malaria Falciparum / Parasitemia / Anemia de Células Falciformes Tipo de estudio: Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies / Screening_studies Límite: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Malar J Asunto de la revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Ghana
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