Effects of size selection versus density dependence on life histories: A first experimental probe.
Ecol Lett
; 24(7): 1467-1473, 2021 Jul.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33963637
ABSTRACT
When prey experience size-based harvesting by predators, they are not only subject to selection due to larger individuals being preferentially harvested but also selection due to reductions in population density. Density-dependent selection represents one of the most basic interactions between ecology and evolution. Yet, the reduction in density associated with exploitation has not been tested as a possible driving force of observed evolutionary changes in populations harvested size-dependently. Using an artificial selection experiment with a mixture of Daphnia clones, we partition the evolutionary effects of size-based harvesting into the effects of removing large individuals and the effects of lowering the population density. We show that both size selection and density-dependent selection are significant drivers of life-history evolution. Importantly, these drivers affected different life-history traits with size-selective harvesting selecting for slower juvenile growth rates and a larger size at maturity, and low-density selecting for reduced reproductive output.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Ecología
/
Evolución Biológica
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Ecol Lett
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos