Perioperative subcutaneous methylnaltrexone does not enhance gastrointestinal recovery after posterior short-segment spinal arthrodesis surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
Spine J
; 22(3): 444-453, 2022 03.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34419626
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Postoperative ileus is a major barrier to gastrointestinal recovery following surgery. Opioid analgesics likely play an important causative role, particularly in spinal or orthopedic surgeries not involving bowel manipulation. Methylnaltrexone, a peripherally-acting µ-opioid receptor antagonist, is a potential prophylactic treatment. PURPOSE:
To assess the influence of perioperative subcutaneous methylnaltrexone administration on gastrointestinal recovery following short-segment lumbar arthrodesis surgeries.DESIGN:
This is a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. PATIENT SAMPLE Eligible patients undergoing posterior short-segment lumbar arthrodesis surgeries at a single institution between February 2019 and April 2021 were enrolled in this study. OUTCOMEMEASURES:
The primary outcome measure was time-to-first bowel movement. Secondary outcome measures included time-to-discharge/discharge eligibility. Exploratory outcome measures included daily postoperative opioid consumption and pain scores.METHODS:
In this study, eligible patients were enrolled to receive either methylnaltrexone or placebo perioperatively. Time-to-bowel movement, time-to-discharge/discharge eligibility, intra and postoperative analgesic administration, and pain scores were recorded and compared.RESULTS:
Eighty two patients in total were enrolled; 41 to the methylnaltrexone and 41 to the placebo group. Both groups were similar in their baseline characteristics. There was no difference in median (range) time-to-bowel movement between the 2 groups [61.8 hours (35.7-93.6) versus 50.7 hours (17.8-110.8), p = .391]. There was also no difference in time-to-discharge/discharge eligibility [105.0 hours (81.0 - 201.3) versus 90.7 (77.5 - 184.5), p=.784]. Finally, there were no differences in either postoperative opioid consumption or numeric rating scores for back, leg, or abdominal pain on postoperative days 0 to 4 (p>.05).CONCLUSIONS:
Methylnaltrexone did not accelerate gastrointestinal recovery and did not affect opioid consumption or pain scores following short-segment spinal surgery as compared to placebo. Additional studies will be needed to identify effective opioid receptor antagonist dosing regimens for patients undergoing either short- or long-segment spinal arthrodesis procedures.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Contexto en salud:
8_ODS3_consumo_sustancias_psicoactivas
Problema de salud:
8_opioid_abuse
Asunto principal:
Compuestos de Amonio Cuaternario
/
Naltrexona
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Spine J
Asunto de la revista:
ORTOPEDIA
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article