Diagnostic Pitfalls in Cushing Disease: Surgical Remission Rates, Test Thresholds, and Lessons Learned in 105 Patients.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
; 107(1): 205-218, 2022 01 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34478542
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT Confirming a diagnosis of Cushing disease (CD) remains challenging, yet is critically important before recommending transsphenoidal surgery for adenoma resection. OBJECTIVE:
To describe predictive performance of preoperative biochemical and imaging data relative to post-operative remission and clinical characteristics in patients with presumed CD. DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS,INTERVENTIONS:
Patients (nâ =â 105; 86% female) who underwent surgery from 2007 through 2020 were classified into 3 groups group A (nâ =â 84) pathology-proven ACTH adenoma; group B (nâ =â 6) pathology-unproven but with postoperative hypocortisolemia consistent with CD; and group C (nâ =â 15) pathology-unproven, without postoperative hypocortisolemia. Group A + B were combined as confirmed CD and group C as unconfirmed CD. MAINOUTCOMES:
Group A + B was compared with group C regarding predictive performance of preoperative 24-hour urinary free cortisol (UFC), late night salivary cortisol (LNSC), 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST), plasma ACTH, and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).RESULTS:
All groups had a similar clinical phenotype. Compared with group C, group A + B had higher mean UFC (Pâ <â 0.001), LNSC (Pâ =â 0.003), DST (Pâ =â 0.06), and ACTH (Pâ =â 0.03) and larger MRI-defined lesions (Pâ <â 0.001). The highest accuracy thresholds were UFC 72 µg/24 hours; LNSC 0.122 µg/dL, DST 2.70 µg/dL, and ACTH 39.1 pg/mL. Early (3-month) biochemical remission was achieved in 76/105 (72%) patients 76/90(84%) and 0/15(0%) of group A + B vs group C, respectively, Pâ <â 0.0001. In group A + B, nonremission was strongly associated with adenoma cavernous sinus invasion.CONCLUSIONS:
Use of strict biochemical thresholds may help avoid offering transsphenoidal surgery to presumed CD patients with equivocal data and improve surgical remission rates. Patients with Cushingoid phenotype but equivocal biochemical data warrant additional rigorous testing.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Hipófisis
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Hidrocortisona
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Hormona Adrenocorticotrópica
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Hipersecreción de la Hormona Adrenocorticotrópica Pituitaria (HACT)
/
Hipofisectomía
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
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Evaluation_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos