Non-zero dispersion-shifted ring fiber for the orbital angular momentum mode.

ABSTRACT

As the dimension of orbital angular momentum (OAM) is orthogonal to the other degrees of freedom for photon, such as wavelength, it can be utilized to further increase data capacity in the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. However, the non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber (NZDSF) for the OAM mode has not yet been investigated or even proposed. In this work, we propose and design a ring fiber with low chromatic dispersion for the HE2,1 mode, which can serve as NZDSF for its corresponding OAM1,1 mode. A low dispersion of 3.3 ps/(nm·km) at 1550 nm and <2.9 ps/(nm·km) dispersion variation from 1530 to 1565 nm for the OAM1,1 mode is achieved in simulation, which satisfies the standard of the ITU-T G.655.C. The designed fiber with ring width from 1.5 µm to 3.5 µm can support the OAM1,1 mode within the C-band, and a large effective area of about 646 µm2 is obtained. We also note that the fiber with larger inner radius and ring width are more tolerant to the perturbations, such as fiber ellipticity and bending. In the fiber-based optical communication systems, the designed ring fiber could be used as a candidate for supporting OAM modes with low dispersion and reduced nonlinear effects.