Effects of high dairy protein intake and vitamin D supplementation on body composition and cardiometabolic markers in 6-8-y-old children-the D-pro trial.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 115(4): 1080-1091, 2022 04 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35015806
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Increasing evidence suggests that prevention of lifestyle diseases should begin early. Dairy protein and vitamin D can affect body composition and cardiometabolic markers, yet evidence among well-nourished children is sparse.OBJECTIVES:
We investigated combined and separate effects of high dairy protein intake and vitamin D on body composition and cardiometabolic markers in children.METHODS:
In a 2 × 2-factorial, randomized trial, 200 white, Danish, 6-8-y-old children substituted 260 g/d dairy in their diet with high-protein (HP; 10 g protein/100 g) or normal-protein (NP; 3.5 g protein/100 g) yogurt and received blinded tablets with 20 µg/d vitamin D3 or placebo for 24 wk during winter. We measured body composition (by DXA), blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and lipids.RESULTS:
In total, 184 children (92%) completed the study. Baseline median (25th-75th percentile) dairy protein intake was median 3.7 (25th-75th percentile 2.5-5.1) energy percentage (E%) and increased to median 7.2 (25th-75th percentile 4.7-8.8) E% and median 4.2 (25th-75th percentile 3.1-5.3) E% with HP and NP. Mean ± SD serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration changed from 81 ± 17 to 89 ± 18 nmol/L and 48 ± 13 nmol/L with vitamin D and placebo, respectively. There were no combined effects of dairy protein and vitamin D, except for plasma glucose, with the largest increase in the NP-vitamin D group (Pinteraction = 0.005). There were smaller increases in fat mass index (P = 0.04) with HP than with NP, and the same pattern was seen for insulin, HOMA-IR, and C-peptide (all P = 0.06). LDL cholesterol was reduced with vitamin D compared with placebo (P < 0.05). Fat-free mass and blood pressure were unaffected.CONCLUSIONS:
High compared with normal dairy protein intake hampered an increase in fat mass index. Vitamin D supplementation counteracted the winter decline in 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the increase in LDL cholesterol observed with placebo. This study adds to the sparse evidence on dairy protein in well-nourished children and supports a vitamin D intake of â¼20 µg/d during winter. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03956732.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Deficiencia de Vitamina D
/
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
Límite:
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Clin Nutr
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Dinamarca