Prevalence of hospital-acquired malnutrition and modifiable determinants of nutritional deterioration during inpatient admissions: A systematic review of the evidence.
J Hum Nutr Diet
; 35(6): 1043-1058, 2022 12.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35377487
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Malnutrition affects between 20% and 50% of hospital inpatients on admission, with further declines expected during hospitalisation. This review summarises the existing literature on hospital-acquired malnutrition that examines the magnitude of nutritional deterioration amongst adult inpatients and identifies preventable barriers to optimising nutrition support during episodes of care.METHODS:
A systematic review was conducted to answer the question Among adult hospital inpatients, the presence of which modifiable factors contribute to hospital-acquired malnutrition? A database search was conducted between the 24 April and 30 June 2020 using CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus and PubMed databases according to a protocol registered with PROSPERO (CD42020182728). In addition, issues of the 10 top clinical nutrition journals published during the period of from 1 April 2015 to 30 March 2020 were hand-searched.RESULTS:
Fifteen articles were eligible for inclusion from a total of 5944 retrieved abstracts. A narrative synthesis of evidence was completed because of the high level of heterogeneity in methodologies. Nutritional deterioration is common among previously well-nourished and nutritionally compromised patients, with studies reporting that 10%-65% of patients experienced nutritional decline. Frequently reported barriers were mealtime interruptions, meal dissatisfaction, procedure-related fasting, effects of illness or treatment, chewing difficulties, poor appetite and malnutrition as a low clinical priority.CONCLUSIONS:
The findings of this review support the need for routine nutritional risk screening throughout each hospital admission with hospital-acquired malnutrition affecting up to 65% of inpatients. Clear establishment of the roles and responsibilities of each member within multidisciplinary healthcare teams in the provision of nutrition care and cost-benefit analyses are recommended to demonstrate the effectiveness of changes to models of care.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Contexto en salud:
1_ASSA2030
Problema de salud:
1_geracao_evidencia_conhecimento
Asunto principal:
Desnutrición
/
Pacientes Internos
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Guideline
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Systematic_reviews
Aspecto:
Determinantes_sociais_saude
Límite:
Adult
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Hum Nutr Diet
Asunto de la revista:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Australia