Degradation of iopromide during the UV-LED/chlorine reaction: Effect of wavelength, radical contribution, transformation products, and toxicity.
J Hazard Mater
; 437: 129371, 2022 09 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35717814
ABSTRACT
Three different UV-LED wavelengths (265, 310, and 365 nm) were used in the UV-LED/chlorine reaction to investigate the degradation mechanism of iopromide (IPM) at different wavelengths, a representative iodinated contrast media compound. The degradation rate (k'IPM) increased from pH 6-8 at 265 nm, but, decreased as the pH increased up to 9 at 310 nm and 365 nm. Radical scavenging experiments showed that reactive chlorine species (RCS) are the dominant radical species at all wavelengths, but a higher contribution of OH⢠was observed at lower pH and longer wavelengths. The contribution of RCS decreased but the contribution of OH⢠increased as the wavelength increased. Among RCS, the largest contribution was found to be ClOâ¢. Total nine transformation products (TPs) were identified by LC-QTOF-MS during the UV-LED/chlorine reaction at 265 nm. Based on the identified TPs and their time profiles, we proposed a degradation pathway of IPM during UV-LED/chlorine reaction. The Microtox test using V. fischeri showed that no significant increase in toxicity was observed at all wavelengths. The synergistic effect of UV-LED and chlorine was greater at a higher wavelength by the electrical efficiency per order (EEO) calculation.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Contexto en salud:
2_ODS3
Problema de salud:
2_quimicos_contaminacion
Asunto principal:
Contaminantes Químicos del Agua
/
Purificación del Agua
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Hazard Mater
Asunto de la revista:
SAUDE AMBIENTAL
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Corea del Sur