Anemia in non-celiac wheat sensitivity: Prevalence and associated clinical and laboratory features.
Dig Liver Dis
; 55(6): 735-742, 2023 06.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36535870
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Patients suffering from non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) frequently report extra-intestinal symptoms, such as anemia.AIMS:
We investigated the prevalence and associated clinical features of anemia in NCWS patients.METHODS:
Data from 244 NCWS patients, diagnosed by double-blind placebo-controlled wheat challenge, were retrospectively reviewed and compared with 2 control groups (celiac disease (CD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)). Furthermore, 31 NCWS anemic patients were prospectively re-evaluated after at least 12 months on the "strict" wheat-free diet (WFD).RESULTS:
Anemia prevalence in NCWS patients was 34.8% (mean hemoglobin 10.4 ± 1.4 g/dl), significantly higher than in IBS (17.4%, P = 0.03), but not in CD ones. The NCWS group, on the whole, had sideropenic-like features with low serum iron and altered iron deposits. Both anemia prevalence and sideropenic-like features were more evident in CD than in NCWS patients, whereas only a few IBS subjects showed such features. Significant differences were found in anemic vs non-anemic NCWS patients as regards to female sex, diagnostic delay, poly/hypermenorrhea, iron deficiency, and higher TSH values. A long-term WFD significantly reduced anemia and improved iron metabolism.CONCLUSION:
Microcytic/hypochromic anemia and altered iron metabolism occur frequently in NCWS and can be treated with a long-term strict WFD. NCWS should be included in differential diagnosis of anemic patients with "functional gastrointestinal troubles".Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Enfermedad Celíaca
/
Anemia Ferropénica
/
Hipersensibilidad al Trigo
/
Síndrome del Colon Irritable
/
Anemia
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Female
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Dig Liver Dis
Asunto de la revista:
GASTROENTEROLOGIA
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Italia