In vitro data for fire pollutants: contribution of studies using human cell models towards firefighters' occupational.
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev
; 26(4): 238-255, 2023 05 19.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36883725
ABSTRACT
Firefighters are the principal line of defense against fires, being at elevated risk of exposure to health-relevant pollutants released during fires and burning processes. Although many biomonitoring studies exist, only a limited number of human in vitro investigations in fire risk assessment are currently available. In vitro studies stand out as valuable tools to assess the toxicity mechanisms involved following exposure to fire pollutants at a cellular level. The aim of the present review was to contextualize existing in vitro studies using human cell models exposed to chemicals emitted from fire emissions and wood smoke and discuss the implications of the observed toxic outcomes on adverse health effects detected in firefighters. Most of the reported in vitro investigations focused on monocultures respiratory models and exposure to particulate matter (PM) extracts collected from fire effluents. Overall, (1) a decrease in cellular viability, (2) enhanced oxidative stress, (3) increased pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and (4) elevated cell death frequencies were noted. However, limited information remains regarding the toxicity mechanisms initiated by firefighting activities. Hence, more studies employing advanced in vitro models and exposure systems using human cell lines are urgently needed taking into consideration different routes of exposure and health-related pollutants released from fires. Data are needed to establish and define firefighters' occupational exposure limits and to propose mitigation strategies to promote beneficial human health.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Contexto en salud:
2_ODS3
Problema de salud:
2_quimicos_contaminacion
Asunto principal:
Exposición Profesional
/
Bomberos
/
Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire
/
Contaminantes Ambientales
Tipo de estudio:
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev
Asunto de la revista:
SAUDE AMBIENTAL
/
TOXICOLOGIA
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Portugal